Catholic Harbor of Faith and Morals

All of the individual pages devoted to the saints, including prayers, devotions and biographical sketches have been replicated and moved to the Index of the Saints listed below.

Alphabetical Index of the Lives and Teachings of the Saints. Over 200

Sermons of the Saints and for
Various Sundays and Feast Days
Throughout the Year

God Will Punish You!

The End of the World: Parts 1 - 6

Death and the Importance of Salvation

The Providence of God and why He permits evil

The Necessity of Avoiding Occasions of Sin
by St. Alphonsus Liguori

The Value of Time by St. Alphonsus Liguori

The Danger of Human Respect
by St. Alphonsus Liguori

The End of Man

The fewness of those saved. Will you be one of them?

Consideration of Last End

How Blind the Sinner Is

The Bad Death

Prisoners of Sin

On the Abuse of Divine Mercy by St. Alphonsus

On the Number of Sins, by St. Aphonsus Di Liguori

What is the Sin Against the Holy Ghost

The Necessity of Prayer for Sinners

Causes of Relapse into Sin

Mortal Sin

Time is No More

They that Live in Sin

The Necessity of Self-Examination

Feast of the Sacred Heart: Sermons by Fr. Weninger

Twenty-Fourth Sunday After Pentecost: The General Judgment & 2nd Coming of Christ

23rd Sunday After Pentecost

22nd Sunday After Pentecost
On the danger of Human Respect

21st Sunday After Pentecost: Forgiveness necessary for Heaven and the Eternity of Hell

20th Sunday After Pentecost
Sickness: anOpportunity for Merit & the Dangers of Delaying Conversion

19th Sunday After Pentecost
Marriage Feast: Many are called, but few are chosen.--Matt 22

18th Sunday After Pentecost: The Malady of Sin, Sacrilegious Confessions & Indulgences

17th Sunday After Pentecost
The Love God and Neighbor

16th Sunday After Pentecost: The Sin of Impurity

15th Sunday After Pentecost by Fr. Francis XavierWeninger

14th Sunday After Pentecost

13th Sunday After Pentecost

12th Sunday After Pentecost

11th Sunday After Pentecost

10th Sunday After Pentecost

9th Sunday After Pentecost

8th Sunday After Pentecost

7th Sunday After Pentecost

6th Sunday After Pentecost

5th Sunday After Pentecost

4th Sunday After Pentecost

3rd Sunday After Pentecost

Sunday within the Octave of Corpus Christi

Saturday in Whitsun

Friday in Whitsun

Wednesday in Whitsun

Tuesday in Whitsun Week

Monday in Whitsun Week

Whit Sunday/ Pentecost

Pentecost Sunday Sermons

Children's Sermon for Pentecost Sunday

Vigil of Pentecost

6th Sunday After Easter

Children's Sermon for 6th Sunday After Easter

Sermons: The Ascension

5th Sunday After Easter: How we should pray

Children's Sermon for 5th Sunday After Easter

4th Sunday After Easter

Children's Sermon for 4th Sunday After Easter

The Sin of Scandal

3rd Sunday After Easter

Children's Sermon for 3rd Sunday After Easter

Good Shepherd Sunday Sermons by Fr. Weninger

Duties of Parents as Shepherds of their Flock

Children's Sermon for Good Shepherd Sunday

Saturday After Easter: The Holy Sepulchre

Friday After Easter

Thursday After Easter

Wednesday After Easter

Tuesday After Easter

Children's Sermon for Easter Sunday

Sermons: Low Sunday

Prayers and Devotions
to the Holy Ghost

Quinquagaesima Sunday

The History of Christmas, by Dom Gueranger

Children Prayers for Christmas

Catholic Christmas Carols

The Flight into Egypt

Sermons for the Purification

The Purification (Candlemas)

6th Sunday After Epiphany

5th Sunday After Epiphany

4th Sunday After the Epiphany

3rd Sunday After the Epiphany

2nd Sunday after the Epiphany

The First Sunday after the Epiphany

The Octave of the Epiphany

The Epiphany: Christ is King by Fr. Weninger

Homilies for the Epiphany

The Vigil of the Epiphany

The Circumcision of our Lord Sermons for Children's Masses

Octave of Christmas

The Holy Innocents

The Nativity

Sunday within the Octave of the Nativity

6th Day within Octave of Christmas by Fr. Prosper Guarenger, 1876

The Practice of Christmas by Fr. Prosper Guarenger, 1876

The Mystery of Christmas
by Fr. Prosper Guarenger, 1876

Christmas Day
Prayers and Devotions

Christmas Novena

Prayers and Devotions
to the Infant Jesus

Christmas Day Homilies

Christmas Eve

Christmas Carols

The Story of Silent Night

The Christmas Creche of St. Francis of Assisi

4th Sunday in Advent: The Fullness of Time

Fourth Sunday of Advent: The Love of God

Third Sunday of Advent: Three-fold Hope

Third Sunday of Advent

2nd Sunday of Advent:
Are you truly converted?

Second Sunday of Advent

Advent Reflection by St. Alphonsus de Liguori

First Sunday in Advent: Fear of the General Judgment

Are you prepared for the 2nd Coming of Christ?

First Sunday of Advent

The Season of Advent

Advent Calendar with Traditional Meditations

The First Noel Video

Pueri Concinite Video

Polish Christmas Video

Mary Walks Amid the Thorn

Devotions to the Infant King

Meditations on the
Precious Blood

Meditations on the
Our Father

Meditations on the
The Great Truths

Meditations on the
The Holy Angels

Meditations on the
The Poor Souls in Purgatory

Advent Calendar,
December Meditations

Meditations on the Holy Infancy

Meditations on the Hidden Life of Christ

What hath Thy servant but what he hat received from Thee--1 COR. IV.7, and this without any merit on his side? All things are Thine which Thou hast given, and which Thou hast made.

Offering of the Precious Blood to be said during
the Month of July

Eternal Father, I offer You the Most Precious Blood of Jesus Christ in Atonement for my sins, and in supplication for the holy souls in purgatory and for the needs of Holy Church.

(500 days indulgence. An indulgence of 3 years if recited during the month of July)

Daily Meditations in July in Honor of the Precious Blood by Rev. R.F. Clarke, S.J.

Offering of the Precious Blood to be said during the Month of July

Eternal Father, I offer You the Most Precious Blood of Jesus Christ in Atonement for my sins, and in supplication for the holy souls in purgatory and for the needs of Holy Church.

(500 days indulgence. An indulgence of 3 years if recited during the month of July)

Music: Salve Regina, Ave Maria

Please refresh the page
for most recent updates.

July 29th, St. Martha, Virgin

St. Martha, Virgin St. Anne, Mother of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Novena to St. Anne begins 07/26/14 through 08/03/14

Graciously hear us, O God our salvation: and grant that we, who are gladdened by the festival of blessed Martha Thy Virgin, may therefrom learn loving devotion towards Thee. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Martha was born of noble and wealthy parents, but she is more illustrious for her hospitality to Christ the Lord. After his ascension into heaven she was seized by the Jews, together with her brother and sister, Marcella her woman-in-waiting, and Maximinus, one of the seventy-two disciples of Christ the Lord, who had baptized the whole household, and many other Christians. They were put on board a ship without sails or oars, and left on the open sea, exposed to certain shipwreck. But the ship, steered by God, came to a safe harbor at Marseilles, and they were all saved.

This miracle, together with their preaching, brought first the people of Marseilles, and then of Aix and of the neighborhood, to believe in Christ. Lazarus was made bishop of Marseilles, and Maximinus of Aix. But Magdalene, who was accustomed to prayer and to sit at the Lord's feet, in order to enjoy the better part which she had chosen, that is, contemplation of the joys of heaven, retired into a cavern on a very high mountain. There she lived for thirty years, separated from all human association; and every day during that period she was carried aloft by the Angels to hear the heavenly praises.

But Martha, after having won the hearts of the people of Marseilles to a love and admiration of the wonderful charity and holiness of her life, withdrew in the company of several very virtuous women to a spot remote from men, where she lived for a long time, greatly renowned for her piety and prudence. She foretold her death long before it occurred; and at length, famous for miracles, she passed to the Lord on the fourth of the Calends of August (July 29). Her body is held in great veneration at Tarascon.

July 29th, Sts. Felix, Simplicius, Faustinus and Beatrice, Martyrs

Grant, O Lord, we beseech Thee: that the Christian people, who are gladdened in this life by the festival of Thy Martyrs Felix, Simplicius, Faustinus and Beatrice, may so rejoice in life everlasting, and may receive the fruit of the sacrifice which they offer. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

July 28th, St. Nazarius and Celsus, Martyrs

St. Anne, Mother of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Novena to St. Anne begins 07/26/14 through 08/03/14

May the blessed confession of Thy Saints, Nazarius, Celsus, Victor, and Innocent, O Lord, be our defense: and graciously win us support in our weakness. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Nazarius, born in Rome, was the son of a pagan military man who held an important post in the Roman army. His mother, honored by the Church as Saint Perpetua, was a zealous Christian, instructed by Saint Peter or his disciples in the most perfect maxims of Christianity. Nazarius at the age of nine embraced the Faith with so much ardor that he copied in his own young life all the great virtues he saw in his teachers. He was baptized by Saint Linus, who would later become Pope. His pagan father was touched by his son's virtue and seconded his project to go elsewhere to preach the Gospel. Out of zeal for the salvation of others, Nazarius therefore left Rome, his native city, and preached the Faith in many places with a fervor and disinterestedness fitting for a disciple of the Apostles.

Ten years later he is known to have been in Milan. He was driven from the city by the prefect after being whipped, and he left Italy to go to eastern Gaul or France. There a young boy by the name of Celsus was brought to him; his mother asked him to teach and baptize her son, and to take him for his disciple. The child was docile, and Nazarius did so; and they were never separated. When conversions multiplied, the local governor was alarmed and the apostle was again arrested, beaten and tortured. The wife of this governor was a Christian, however, and succeeded in obtaining liberty for the two young innocents. They were freed on condition they would not preach at this place any longer.

The two fervent Christians went to the Alpine villages where only a few solitary settlers braved the rigors of the climate and the altitude. They were not rebuffed and went as far as Embrun. There they built a chapel to the true God, and then continued on to Geneva, and to Treves where Saint Nazarius was arrested and imprisoned. Celsus followed him in tears, longing to share his captivity. When after a few days the prefect ordered them brought before him, they were treated cruelly but appeared before the magistrate, their faces shining with glory. The prodigies which followed caused fear in the pagans, and they were released and told to leave the region.

They returned to Milan, but were soon arrested there also. When they would not sacrifice to the gods of the empire, after several tortures in which God again preserved them, they were sentenced to be beheaded. They embraced one another in transports of joy and praise to God for this grace. It was during the reign of Nero, in about the year 56, that these generous Martyrs added their blood to the treasure of the Christians.

Their bodies were buried separately in a garden outside the city, where they were discovered and taken up by Saint Ambrose in 395. In the tomb of Saint Nazarius, whose decapitated body and head were perfectly conserved, a vial of the Saint's blood was found as fresh and red as if it had been spilt that same day. Saint Ambrose conveyed the bodies of the two martyrs into the new church of the Apostles which he had just built. A woman was delivered of an evil spirit in their presence. Saint Ambrose sent some of these relics to Saint Paulinus of Nola, who received them with great respect as a most valuable gift, as he himself testifies, and placed them in honor at Nola.

†

July 27th, St. Pantaleon, Martyr

St. Pantaleon, Martyr Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Sick St. Anne, Mother of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Novena to St. Anne begins 07/26/14 through 08/03/14 7th Sunday After Pentecost Hell Reflection on Hell Part 4: The Four Gates of Hell The Sight of Hell, A Book for Children and Young Persons as well as Adults Spiritual Communion

Grant, we beseech thee, almighty God: that by the intercession of blessed Pantaleon Thy Martyr, our bodies be delivered from all harm, and our hearts cleansed from wicked thoughts. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Pantaleon was born in Nicomedia of a pagan father and a Christian mother, who died while her son was still a child. He was among the court physicians of the Emperor Galerius Maximianus. Deceived by hearing the false maxims of the world applauded, he was without religion when God decided to rescue his soul from its unhappy darkness. A zealous and prudent Christian named Hermolaus took special notice of him and awakened his conscience, telling him that although the famous physicians of ancient times had possessed the science which cures bodies, Jesus Christ was a far more excellent Physician, able to cure not only bodies, but souls, by His divine doctrine. Hermolaus succeeded in bringing him into the fold of the Church.

The young Christian strove to procure for his father the same grace he himself had received, and his words had already begun to separate his father from his idols, when one day a blind man, led by friends, came to the door and begged Pantaleon to cure him. His father was present and heard the promise his son made to this man to do so, if he would give to the poor the money he was offering him. The father was amazed and feared that the promise could not be fulfilled. But the young Saint prayed and touched the eyes of the blind man, invoking the name of Jesus Christ, and his eyes were opened. Pantaleon's father and the blind man were both baptized as a result of this miracle. When Eustorgus, his father, died, Saint Pantaleon liberated all his slaves and, having sold most of his possessions, gave to the liberated ones and others the assistance their poverty required. He cured other illnesses and soon became renowned in Nicomedia.

Saint Pantaleon, being a very sincere penitent, ardently wished to expiate his former idolatry by the martyrdom he could foresee. When a bloody persecution broke out at Nicomedia in 303, the blind man he had cured was beheaded upon refusing to admit that it was the gods who had cured him. Saint Pantaleon, to prepare himself for the imminent combat, distributed all he had left among the poor. Not long after this act of charity he was arrested and subjected to various tortures, during which he was preserved from death. Three other Christians, of whom one was Hermolaus, were apprehended. After suffering many torments, the four confessors were all sentenced to be beheaded.

The relics of Saint Pantaleon were translated to Constantinople, and there received great honor. His blood, conserved in a small vial, is said to liquefy on his feast day and become oxygenated. Charlemagne brought a part of his relics into France, where they are presently divided again, a portion being in the abbey of Saint Denys near Paris, and the head at Lyons. Saint Pantaleon, whose name means the "all-compassionate one," is the patron of physicians.

†

July 26th, St. Anne, Mother of the Blessed Virgin Mary

St. Anne, Mother of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Novena to St. Anne begins 07/26/14 through 08/03/14 The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. Joachim
and St. Anne, 1859 Prayers for Catholic Mothers What is it to be a Mother? The Christian Mother

O God, Who didst vouchsafe to endow blessed Anne with grace, that she might be worthy to become the mother of her who brought forth thy only-begotten Son: grant in Thy mercy, that we who keep her festival may also be helped by her intercession. Through the same. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Sermon by St. John Damascene

The home of Anne is set before us, giving an example at once of married life and of virginity, the first in the person of the mother, the second in that of the daughter; of whom the one has just been freed from sterility, and the other, a little later on, is to bring forth Christ in a supernatural birth, adapted by a divine artifice to the circumstances of our nature.

Therefore, filled with the divine Spirit, her soul happy and joyous, deservedly does Anne cry aloud: Rejoice with me, for from my sterile womb I have borne the bud of promise, and, as I had desired, I feed at my breast the fruit of blessing. I have put off the mourning-garment of sterility, and put on the joyful raiment of fruitfulness. Let that [other] Anne, the rival of Phenenna, rejoice with me this day, and let her celebrate with me this new and unexpected miracle, which has been wrought in me, as it was in her.

Let Sara rejoice, she who rejoiced in conception in her old age, and foreshadowed my conception from sterility. Let all the barren and childless sing in harmony together at my visitation made to me from heaven in a wonderful manner. Likewise, let all mothers endowed with this fruitfulness say: Blessed be He who granted what they wished to those who prayed to Him, and Who gave fruit to the sterile, and granted to her to bear that most happy bud, the Virgin who was the Mother of God according to the flesh, whose womb was a heaven, in which he dwelt whom no place can contain.

And let us also offer praise becoming to these very things, that she who was called sterile now stands forth as the mother of a virgin mother. Let us say to her in the words of Scripture: How blessed is the house of David, from which thou hast sprung, and the womb in which God fashioned the ark of sanctification, that is, her from whom he himself was conceived without seed.

Truly blessed art thou, and thrice blessed, thou who hast borne an infant given thee by the blessing or God, that is to say, Mary, whose very name is likewise to be honored in the highest degree; from whom came forth Christ, the flower of life; a Virgin whose origin was glorious, and whose child-bearing was above all the world. We also congratulate thee, most blessed woman; for truly thou hast brought forth by the divine bounty the hope of all of us, that is, the child of promise.

Blessed indeed art thou; and blessed is the fruit of thy womb. For the tongues of the godly magnify Thy offspring, and every joyful word is spoken concerning thy child. It is truly fitting indeed, and most fitting it is, to praise her, who received a revelation by the divine goodness, and brought forth for us such and so great a fruit, from whom came forth the sweet Jesus.

†

July 25th, St. James, Apostle and St. Christopher, Martyr

St. James the Greater, Apostle The Catholic Church's Teaching on Justification

Sanctify Thy people, O Lord, and keep them: so that, strengthened by the help of James Thy Apostle, They may become pleasing to Thee in the conduct of Their lives and may serve thee without fear. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Among the twelve Apostles, three were chosen to be the close companions of our Blessed Lord, and of these James was one. He, with Peter and John, was admitted to the house of Jairus when his dead child was raised to life (Luke 8:40 ff.); only these three were taken up to the high mountain of Thabor and beheld the face of Jesus shining as the sun, and His garments white as snow (Mark 9:2-7). These three alone witnessed the fearful agony in Gethsemane. (Luke 22:39-45).

What was it that won James a place among the favorite three? Faith, burning, impetuous and outspoken, the straightforwardness of the true Israelite, were visible in him; but these qualities needed purifying before the "Son of Thunder" could proclaim the Gospel of peace. It was James who suggested fire from heaven to consume the inhospitable Samaritans, and who sought a place of honor beside Christ in His kingdom. Yet Our Lord, in rebuking his presumption, prophesied his faithfulness unto death. (Mark 10:38-40) He went to Spain after the death of Our Lord, and remained there for nine years, according to tradition. The famous Basilica of Saint James of Compostello, one of the most frequented pilgrimage sites of Europe, the site also of countless miracles, commemorates the memory of the nation's beloved Apostle.

In the year 44 Saint James, who was at that time in Jerusalem, was brought before King Herod Agrippa. The Apostle had been preaching fearlessly there, curing the sick and the blind, and delivering possessed persons. Two magicians were sent by the authorities to stop his doings by their charms, but both were converted. His enemies were not defeated by that, however, and paid two Roman captains to incite a sedition during the Apostle's preaching, then seize him as its author.

A certain Josias, a scribe among the Pharisees, put a cord around his neck and took him before the third Herod, grandson of the first, murderer of the Innocents, and nephew of the second, who had the Baptist decapitated. This new sycophant of the Roman Emperors, desiring to conciliate the Jews and make them forget his non-Jewish origins, decided to do so by persecuting the Christians. Without delay he condemned Saint James to die by the sword. The Apostle's fearless confession of Jesus crucified so moved the scribe Josias, that he too confessed Christ and begged pardon of the Saint. He was taken with the Apostle to the place of execution, where Saint James and his convert died together.

The Apostle won the three crowns of heroism: he is a Doctor par excellence of the Faith, he was the first Apostle to be martyred, and according to Saint Epiphanus and other historians, he always conserved his virginity. He is the patron of Spain. A Spanish author by the name of Tamayo reports fifteen different apparitions of Saint James to the kings and princes of Spain, followed each time by some specific assistance for the benefit of the land.

July 25th, St. Christopher, Martyr

St. Christopher, Martyr Fourteen Holy Helpers

(St. Christopher was a native of Chanaan. While carrying people across a raging stream, it is believed that he carried the Christ Child across this same stream. His name Christopher, which means Christbearer, is also understood in the spiritual sense of bearing Christ in his heart.

A generous soul, he walked like a giant in the way of virtue. The piety of our fathers inspired by this grand allegory caused them to place a colossal statue of St. Christopher at the entrance to cathedrals. He is the patron of travelers and is invoked against storms, plagues and died a martyr under the reign of Emperor Decius.)

Grant, we beseech thee almighty God: that we who are keeping the festival of blessed Christopher, Thy Martyr, may through his intercession be strengthened in the love of Thy name. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Prayer to St. Christopher:

O God, Who didst make St. Christopher a true Christ-bearer who converted multitudes to the Christian faith, and Who didst give him the grace to suffer for Thy sake the most cruel torments; through the intercession of this Saint we implore Thee to protect us from sin, the only real evil. Preserve us, also, against harmful elementary forces, such as earthquake, lightning, fire, and flood. Amen.

†

July 24th, St. Christina, Virgin and Martyr

St. Christina, Virgin and Martyr

May blessed Christina, Thy Virgin and Martyr earnestly entreat for us pardon from Thee, we beseech Thee, O Lord: for both by her chastity and by her acknowledgment of Thy power she ever pleased Thee well. Through or Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Christina was the daughter of a rich and powerful magistrate named Urbain. Her father, who was deep in the practices of heathenism, had a number of golden idols, which our Saint destroyed, and distributed the pieces among the poor. Infuriated by this act, Urbain became the persecutor of his daughter; he had her whipped with rods and then thrown into a dungeon. Christina remained unshaken in her faith. Her tormentor then had her body torn by iron hooks, and fastened her to a rack beneath which a fire was kindled. But God watched over His servant and turned the flames upon the lookers-on.

Christina was next seized, a heavy stone tied about her neck, and she was thrown into the lake of Bolsena, but she was saved by an angel, and outlived her father, who died of spite. Later, this martyr suffered the most inhuman torments under the judge who succeeded her father, and finally was thrown into a burning furnace, where she remained, unhurt, for five days. By the power of Christ she overcame the serpents among which she was thrown; then her tongue was cut out, and afterwards, being pierced with arrows, she gained the martyr's crown at Tyro, a city which formerly stood on an island in the lake of Bolsena in Italy, but was long since swallowed up by the waters. Her relics are now at Palermo in Sicily.

July 24th, Vigil of St. James, Apostle

Grant, we beseech thee almighty God: that the revered solemnity of blessed James Thy Apostle, which we anticipate, may foster both our devotion and our salvation. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

July 23rd, St. Apollinaris, Bishop and Martyr

Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd

O God, the Rewarder of all faithful souls, who hast made this day holy by the martyrdom of Thy Priest the blessed Apollinaris: grant to us thy servants, we beseech Thee, that we, who are keeping his holy festival, may obtain pardon through his prayers. Through or Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Apollinaris was the first Bishop of Ravenna; he sat twenty years, and was crowned with martyrdom in the reign of Vespasian. He was a disciple of St. Peter, and made by him Bishop of Ravenna. St. Peter Chrysologus, the most illustrious among his successors, has left us a sermon in honor of our Saint, in which he often styles him a martyr; but adds, that though he frequently suffered for the Faith, and ardently desired to lay down his life for Christ, yet God preserved him a long time to His Church, and did not allow the persecutors to take away his life. So he seems to have been a martyr only by the torments he endured for Christ, which he survived at least some days. His body lay first at Classis, four miles from Ravenna, still a kind of suburb to that city, and its seaport till it was choked up by the sands.

In the year 549 his relics were removed into a more secret vault in the same church. St. Fortunatus exhorted his friends to make pilgrimages to the tomb, and St. Gregory the Great ordered parties in doubtful suits at law to be sworn before it. Pope Honorius built a church under the name of Apollinaris in Rome, about the year 630. It occurs in all martyrologies, and the high veneration which the Church paid early to his memory is a sufficient testimony of his eminent sanctity and apostolic spirit.

Reflection--The virtue of the Saints was true and heroic, because humble and proof against all trials. Persevere in your good resolutions: it is not enough to begin well; you must so continue to the end.

Grant, we beseech Thee, almighty God: that the holy festival of blessed Liborius, Thy Confessor and Bishop may both increase our devotion and advance our salvation. Through our Lord etc.

†

July 22nd, St. Mary Magdalen, Penitent

Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd St. Mary Magdalene, Penitent The Penitent Christian Contrition The 6th Commandment The 9th Commandment Sermon on Keeping the 10 Commandments The Commandments Examination of Conscience The Necessity of Avoiding Occasions of Sin
by St. Alphonsus Liguori The Ravages of Adultery Impediment to Marriage: Bond of Previous Marriage Marriage Impediment: Impediment of Crime Catholic Laws on Marriage and Divorce Duties of Married People Holy Purity Repentance: Sermon of John Vianney The Sin of Impurity Unchaste Thoughts Temptations Temptations and the Devils that Tempt To fight against Satan, The Medal or Cross of St. Benedict, by Prosper Gueranger St. Michael/ Exorcism

May we be helped by the intercession of blessed Mary Magdalene, we beseech Thee, O Lord: who in answer to her prayers didst raise her brother Lazarus to till life after he had been dead four days: Who livest etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Or the earlier life of Mary Magdalen we know only that she was "a woman who was a sinner." From the depth of her degradation she raised her eyes to Jesus with sorrow, hope, and love. All covered with shame, she came In where Jesus was at meat, and knelt behind him. She said not a word, but bathed His feet with her tears, wiped them with the hair of her head, kissed them in humility, and at their touch her sins and her stain were gone. Then she poured on them the costly unguent prepared for far other uses; and His own divine lips rolled away her reproach, spoke her absolution, and bade her go in peace. Thenceforward she ministered to Jesus, sat at His feet, and heard His words. She was one of the family "whom Jesus so loved" that He raised her brother Lazarus from the dead.

Once again, on the eve of His Passion, she brought the precious ointment, and, now purified and beloved, poured it on His head, and the whole house of God is still filled with the fragrance of her anointing. She stood with Our Lady and St. John at the foot of the cross, the representative of the many who have had much forgiven. To her first, after His blessed Mother, and through her to His apostles, Our Lord gave the certainty of His resurrection; and to her first He made Himself known, calling her by her name, because she was His.

When the faithful were scattered by persecution the family of Bethany found refuge in Provence. The cave in which St. Mary lived for thirty years is still seen, and the chapel on the mountaintop, in which she was caught up daily, like St. Paul, to "visions and revelations of the Lord." When her end drew near she was borne to a spot still marked by a "sacred pillar," where the holy Bishop Maximin awaited her; and when she had received her Lord, she peacefully fell asleep in death.

Reflection--"Compunction of heart," says St. Bernard, "is a treasure infinitely to be desired, and an unspeakable gladness to the heart. It is healing to the soul; it is remission of sins; it brings back again the Holy Spirit into the humble and loving heart."

†

July 21st, St. Praxedes, Virgin

Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd Spiritual Communion

Graciously hear us, O God our salvation: and grant that we, who are gladdened by the festival by the festival of blessed Praxedes Thy Virgin, may therefrom learn loving devotion towards Thee. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Praxedes, a Roman virgin, sister of the virgin Prudentiana, when the emperor Marcus Antoninus was persecuting the Christians, bestowed upon them wealth, labors, consolation, and every work of charity. For some she concealed in her house; others, she encouraged to firmness of faith; she buried the bodies of others; and for those who were shut up in prison, or who were put to forced labor she saw to it that there was nothing lacking.

When she could no longer endure so great a slaughter of the Christians, she prayed God, that, if it were expedient for her to die, he would take her away from such great evils. Accordingly, on the twelfth of the Calends of August (July 21st) she was called to heaven, to receive the reward of her charity. Her body was buried by the priest Pastor, in the tomb of her father and her sister Pudentiana, which was in the cemetery of Priscilla, on the Salarian way.

†

July 20th, St. Jerome Emiliani, Confessor

St. Jerome Emiliani, Confessor Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd 6th Sunday After Pentecost

O God, the Father of mercies, Who wast pleased to make blessed Jerome a father and helper of orphans: grant, we beseech Thee, that by virtue of his merits and intercession, we may always faithfully keep the spirit of adoption, whereby we are both in deed and in name Thy children. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Jerome Emiliani was a member of one of the patrician families of Venice, and, like many other Saints, in early life a soldier. He was appointed governor of a fortress among the mountains of Treviso, and whilst bravely defending his post, was made prisoner by the enemy. In the misery of his dungeon he invoked the great Mother of God, and promised, if she would set him free, to lead a new and a better life. Our Lady appeared, broke his fetters, and led him forth through the midst of his enemies. At Treviso he hung up his chains at her altar, dedicated himself to her service, and on reaching his home at Venice devoted himself to a life of active charity.

His special love was for the deserted orphan children whom, in the times of the plague and famine, he found wandering in the streets. He took them home, clothed and fed them, and taught them the Christian truths. From Venice he passed to Padua and Verona, and in a few years had founded orphanages through Northern Italy. Some pious clerics and laymen, who had been his fellow-workers, fixed their abode in one of these establishments, and devoted themselves to the cause of education. The Saint drew up for them a rule of life and thus was founded the Congregation, which still exists, of the Clerks Regular of Somascha. St. Jerome died February 8, 1537, of an illness which he had caught in visiting the sick.

Reflection--Let us learn from St. Jerome to exert ourselves in behalf of the many hundred children whose souls are perishing around us for want of some one to show them the way to heaven.

July 20th, St. Margaret, Virgin and Martyr

St. Margaret, Virgin and Martyr

†

July 19th, St. Vincent de Paul, Confessor

St. Vincent de Paul Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd

O God, Who for the preaching of the Gospel to the poor and for advancing the honor of the ecclesiastical order didst endow blessed Vincent with apostolic virtue: grant, we beseech Thee, that we who pay honor to his godly life may also be taught by the example of his virtues. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Vincent was born in 1576. In after-years, when adviser of the queen and oracle of the Church in France, he loved to recount how, in his youth, he had guarded his father's pigs. Soon after his ordination he was captured by corsairs, and carried into Barbary. He converted his renegade master, and escaped with him to France. Appointed chaplain-general of the galleys of France, his tender charity brought hope into those prisons where hitherto despair had reigned. A mother mourned her imprisoned son. Vincent put on his chains and took his place at the oar, and gave him to his mother. His charity embraced the poor, young and old, provinces desolated by civil war, Christians enslaved by the infidel. The poor man, ignorant and degraded, was to him the image of Him Who became as "a leper and no man." "Turn the medal," he said, "and you then will see Jesus Christ."

He went through the streets of Paris at night, seeking the children who were left there to die. Once robbers rushed upon him, thinking he carried a treasure, but when he opened his cloak, they recognized him and his burden, and fell at his feet. Not only was St. Vincent the saviour of the poor, but also of the rich, for he taught them to do works of mercy. When the work for the foundlings was in danger of failing from want of funds, he assembled the ladies of the Association of Charity.

He bade his most fervent daughters be present to give the spur to the others. Then he said, "Compassion and charity have made you adopt these little creatures as your children. You have been their mothers according to grace, when their own mothers abandoned them. Cease to be their mothers, that you may become their judges; their life and death are in your hands. I shall now take your votes: it is time to pronounce sentence" The tears of the assembly were his only answer, and the work was continued. The Society of St. Vincent, the Priests of the Mission, and 25,000 Sisters of Charity still comfort the afflicted with the charity of St. Vincent of Paul. He died in 1660.

Reflection--Most people who profess piety ask advice of directors about their prayers and spiritual exercises. Few inquire whether they are not in danger of damnation from neglect of works of charity.

†

July 18th, St. Camillus de Lellis, Confessor

St. Camillus of Lellis Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd

O God, Who didst endow holy Camillus with a special grace of charity for the relief of souls in their last agony: we beseech Thee, by his merits, so to pour into our hearts the spirit of Thy love, that at the hour of our departure we may overcome the enemy, and deserve to win a heavenly crown. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

The early years of Camillus gave no sign of sanctity. At the age of nineteen he took service with his father, an Italian noble, against the Turks, and after four years' hard campaigning found himself, through his violent temper, reckless habits, and inveterate passion for gambling, a discharged soldier, and in such straitened circumstances that he was obliged to work as a laborer on a Capuchin convent which was then building. A few words from a Capuchin friar brought about his conversion, and he resolved to become a religious.

Thrice he entered the Capuchin novitiate, but each time an obstinate wound in his leg forced him to leave. He repaired to Rome for medical treatment, and there took St. Philip as his confessor, and entered the hospital of St. Giacomo, of which he became in time the superintendent. The carelessness of the paid chaplains and nurses towards the suffering patients now inspired him with the thought of founding a congregation to minister to their wants.

With this end he was ordained priest, and in 1586 his community of the Servants of the Sick was confirmed by the Pope. Its usefulness was soon felt, not only in hospitals, but in private houses. Summoned at every hour of the day and night, the devotion of Camillus never grew cold. With a woman's tenderness he attended to the needs of his patients. He wept with them, consoled them, and prayed with them. He knew miraculously the state of their souls; and St. Philip saw angels whispering to two Servants of the Sick who were consoling a dying person.

One day a sick man said to the Saint, "Father, may I beg you to make up my bed? it is very hard." Camillus replied, "God forgive you, brother! You beg me! Don't you know yet that you are to command me, for I am your servant and slave." "Would to God," he would cry, "that in the hour of my death one sigh or one blessing of these poor creatures might fall upon me!" His prayer was heard. He was granted the same consolations in his last hour which he had so often procured for others. In the year 1614 he died with the full use of his faculties, after two weeks' saintly preparation, as the priest was reciting the words of the ritual, "May Jesus Christ appear to thee with a mild and joyful countenance!"

Reflection--St. Camillus venerated the sick as living images of Christ, and by ministering to them in this spirit did penance for the sins of his youth, led a life precious in merit, and from a violent and quarrelsome soldier became a gentle and tender Saint.

July 18th, St. Symphorosa and her seven sons, Martyrs

. St. Symphorosa and her seven Sons, Martyrs

O God, by Whose grace we keep the festival of Thy holy Martyrs Symphorosa and her sons: grant that we may enjoy their fellowship in everlasting bliss. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

July 17th, St. Alexius, Confessor

St. Alexius, Confessor Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd The Humility of the Blessed Virgin of Mary

O God, Who dost gladden us by the yearly solemnity of blessed Alexius Thy Confessor: grant in Thy mercy, that we, who keep his festival, may also follow the pattern of his life. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Alexius was the only son of parents pre-eminent among the Roman nobles for virtue, birth, and wealth. On his wedding-night, by God's special inspiration, he secretly quitted Rome, and journeying to Edessa, in the far East, gave away all that he had brought with him, content thenceforth to live on alms at the gate of Our Lady's church in that city. It came to pass that the servants of St. Alexius, whom his father sent in search of him, arrived at Edessa, and seeing him among the poor at the gate of Our Lady's church, gave him an alms, not recognizing him. Whereupon the man of God, rejoicing, said, "I thank thee, O Lord, Who hast called me and granted that I should receive for Thy name's sake an alms from my own slaves. Deign to fulfil in me the work Thou hast begun."

After seventeen years, when his sanctity was miraculously manifested by the Blessed Virgin's image, he once more sought obscurity by flight. On his way to Tarsus contrary winds drove his ship to Rome. There no one recognized in the wan and tattered mendicant the heir of Rome's noblest house; not even his sorrowing parents, who had vainly sent throughout the world in search of him. From his father's charity he begged a mean corner of his palace as a shelter, and the leavings of his table as food. Thus he spent seventeen years, bearing patiently the mockery and ill-usage of his own slaves, and witnessing daily the inconsolable grief of his spouse and parents. At last, when death had ended this cruel martyrdom, they learned too late, from a writing in his own hand, who it was that they had unknowingly sheltered. God bore testimony to His servant's sanctity by many miracles. He died early in the fifth century.

†

July 16th, Our Lady of Mount Carmel

Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd Our Lady of Mount Carmel History of Our Lady of Mount Carmel The Confraternity of Our Blessed Lady of Mount Carmel called the Scapular, 1850 The Feast of the Scapular Indulgences/ All Souls The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who hast honored the order of Carmel with the special title of Thy most blessed Mother Mary, ever a virgin: mercifully grant, that we who keep her memory this day by a solemn office, may be shielded by her protection, and become worthy to win everlasting bliss: Who livest etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

July 15th, St. Henry II, Bishop, Emperor and Confessor and 7th Sunday After Pentecost

St. Henry II. Emperor, Confessor Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Dying Newly Added
Novena to Our Lady of Mount Carmel from July 15th - July 23rd

O God, who on This day didst remove blessed Henry Thy Confessor from the government of an earthly empire and raise him to the eternal kingdom: we humbly beseech Thee, that even as by the fulness of Thy preventing grace Thou didst give him strength to overcome the enticements of this life, so thou wouldst enable us, through his example, to shun the blandishments of this world, and come to Thee with clean hearts. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Henry, Duke of Bavaria, saw in a vision his guardian, St. Wolfgang, pointing to the words "after six." This moved him to prepare for death, and for six years he continued to watch and pray, when, at the end of the sixth year, he found the warning verified in his election as emperor. Thus trained in the fear of God, he ascended the throne with but one thought�to reign for His greater glory. The pagan Slavs were then despoiling the empire. Henry attacked them with a small force; but angels and Saints were seen leading his troops, and the heathen fled in despair. Poland and Bohemia, Moravia and Burgundy, were in turn annexed to his kingdom, Pannonia and Hungary won to the Church. With the Faith secured in Germany, Henry passed into Italy, drove out the Antipope Gregory, brought Benedict VIII. back to Rome, and was crowned in St. Peter's by that Pontiff, in 1014.

It was Henry's custom, on arriving in any town, to spend his first night in watching in some church dedicated to our blessed Lady. As he was thus praying in St. Mary Major's, the first night of his arrival in Rome, he "saw the Sovereign and Eternal Priest Christ Jesus" enter to say Mass. Sts. Laurence and Vincent assisted as deacon and sub-deacon. Saints innumerable filled the church, and angels sang in the choir. After the Gospel, an angel was sent by Our Lady to give Henry the book to kiss. Touching him lightly on the thigh, as the angel did to Jacob, he said, "Accept this sign of God's love for your chastity and justice;" and from that time the emperor always was lame. Like holy David, Henry employed the fruits of his conquests in the service of the temple. The forests and mines of the empire, the best that his treasury could produce, were consecrated to the sanctuary. Stately cathedrals, noble monasteries, churches innumerable, enlightened and sanctified the once heathen lands.

In 1022 Henry lay on his bed of death. He gave back to her parents his wife, St. Cunegunda, "a virgin still, as a virgin he had received her from Christ," and surrendered his own pure soul to God.

Reflection--St. Henry deprived himself of many things to enrich the house of God. We clothe ourselves in purple and fine linen, and leave Jesus in poverty and neglect.

†

July 14th, St. Bonaventure, Bishop, Confessor and Doctor of the Church

St. Bonaventure Bishop, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church Spiritual Communion

O God, Who didst give blessed Bonaventure to be a minister of eternal salvation to Thy people: grant, we beseech Thee, that we who had him on earth as Teacher of life, may be worthy to have him for advocate in heaven. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Born in Tuscany in 1225, this frail child was given the name of John at his baptism. He soon fell so ill that his cure was despaired of, and his sorrowing mother had recourse to Saint Francis, recognized everywhere in Italy as a Saint. She promised God she would endeavor to have the child take the habit of the Franciscan Order, if he were cured. Her prayer was granted, the child was cured, and Saint Francis himself gave him his new name. In reference to the miraculous cure, he prophetically exclaimed of the infant, "O buona ventura!--O good fortune!" Saint Francis died a few months later, not without foreseeing the future of this little one, destined to be a seraph of love like himself. Saint Bonaventure is titled "the Seraphic Doctor," from the fervor of divine love which breathes in his writings.

Sanctity and learning raised Bonaventure to the Church's highest honors, yet at heart he was ever the poor Franciscan friar, who practiced and taught humility and mortification. He was the friend of Saint Thomas Aquinas; they received the Doctor's cap together in Paris. Saint Thomas asked him one day from what source he drew his great learning; he replied by pointing to his crucifix. Another time Saint Thomas found him in ecstasy while writing the life of Saint Francis. The Angelic Doctor said, while retiring quietly, "Let us leave a Saint in peace, to write of a Saint!"

At the age of thirty-six Saint Bonaventure was made General of his Order. In 1265 he only escaped another dignity, the Archbishopric of York, by dint of tears and entreaties to the Holy Father Clement IV. When he learned of Pope Gregory X's resolve to create him a Cardinal, he quietly made his escape from Italy, and in France began to compose a book. But Gregory sent him a summons to return to Rome. On his way, he stopped to rest at a convent of his Order near Florence; and there two Papal messengers, sent to meet him with the Cardinal's hat, found him washing the dishes. The Saint asked them to hang the hat on a nearby bush, and take a walk in the garden until he had finished what he had begun. Then taking up the hat with unfeigned sorrow, he joined the messengers, and paid them the respect due to their character.

He was the guest and adviser of Saint Louis, and the director of Saint Isabella, the king's sister. He sat at the right hand of Pope Gregory X and presided all sessions at the Council of Lyons, assembled to provide for the reform of morals and the needs of the Holy Land, and to cement the union of the Greeks with the Roman Church. The piety and eloquence of Saint Bonaventure won over the Greeks to Catholic union, but his strength failed suddenly, the day after its closure. He died on the 15th of July, 1274, and was buried by the assembly of the Council members, still in Lyons; he was mourned by the entire Christian world.

Prayer to Our Lady of Sorrows

O most holy Virgin, Mother of our Lord Jesus Christ: by the overwhelming grief you experienced when you witnessed the martyrdom, the crucifixion, and the death of your divine Son, look upon me with eyes of compassion, and awaken in my heart a tender commiseration for those sufferings, as well as a sincere detestation of my sins, in order that, being disengaged from all undue affection for the passing joys of this earth, I may sigh after the eternal Jerusalem, and that henceforward all my thought and all my actions may be directed towards this one most desirable object. Honor, glory, and love to our divine Lord Jesus, and to the holy and immaculate Mother of God. Amen

(Saint Bonaventure)

†

July 13th, St. Anacletus, Pope and Martyr

5th Sunday After Pentecost Spiritual Communion The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O eternal Shepherd, watch over the peace of Thy flock, and through blessed Anacletus, Thy Martyr and Sovereign Pontiff, whom thou didst appoint shepherd over the whole Church, keep her under Thy constant protection. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Anacletus was the second successor to Saint Peter, by whom he was converted to the faith. He was also ordained a deacon and consecrated priest by Christ's own first Vicar, as Saint Ignatius of Antioch affirms. He was Greek by origin, born in Athens; in the year 83 he was chosen to succeed Saint Cletus, who had been martyred. The emperor Domitian had begun a violent persecution which increased in fury as time passed; but the faith of the Christians did not diminish, only receiving new force from the blood of the martyrs.

This holy Pontiff omitted no solicitude which could animate the faithful to expose their lives generously for the glory of Jesus Christ. During his nine years of reign, he consecrated six bishops. The last of these bishops was Saint Evaristus, who would succeed him; Saint Anacletus consecrated him the year before his death, foreseeing he could not long escape the fate of all the first Vicars of Christ.

One of his enduring ordinances was the law that for the consecration of a bishop, three bishops must participate; that practice had been established by Saint Paul. He also required that all ordinations be accomplished in public. He built a church in honor of Saint Peter, to whom he owed his conversion, at the site of Saint Peter's burial; the original structure was conserved by Providence amid many tempests. He reserved burial sites for future martyrs in the Christian cemeteries, because multitudes were being condemned under Domitian. He also designated and adorned sites for the interment of future Pontiffs in the Vatican. Saint Anacletus was highly praised by Saint Ignatius of Antioch in a well-known letter. He died on July 13th in the year 96, and was buried in the Vatican.

Certain authors would confound Saint Cletus and Anacletus and make of them one person. Their father's names are known, however, as well as their place of birth--the one in Italy, the other in Greece; moreover, Saint Cletus was consecrated bishop by Saint Peter, saint Anacletus was ordained a priest by him.

†

July 12th, St. John Gualbert, Abbot

St. John Gualbert, Abbot

The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

May the intercession of the blessed Abbot, John, procure favor for us, we beseech thee, O Lord: that we may gain, by his patronage, those things of which we are not capable by our own merits. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint John Gualbert was born in Florence in the year 999. He was raised with care in piety and the study of the humanities, but no sooner had he entered adult life than he acquired a taste for pleasures. God, desiring to save and sanctify him, found a means to open his eyes. He was following the profession of arms at that troubled period, when on Good Friday, as he was riding into Florence accompanied by armed men, he encountered his brother's murderer in a place where neither could avoid the other. John would have slain him, according to the customary vengeance of those times; but his adversary, who was totally unprepared to fight, fell upon his knees with his arms outstretched in the form of a cross, and implored him, for the sake of Our Lord's holy Passion, to spare his life. Saint John said to his enemy, "I cannot refuse what you ask in Christ's name. I grant you not only your life, but my friendship. Pray that God may forgive me my sin!" They embraced and parted; grace had triumphed.

A humble and changed man, he went to a nearby abbatial church, and while he prayed with fervor for forgiveness, the figure of our crucified Lord, before which he was kneeling, bowed its head toward him, as if to confirm His pardon and manifest His gratitude for the generous pardon John himself had granted. Abandoning the world then, Saint John devoted himself to prayer and penance in the Benedictine Order. His virtue and austerity were so great that when his abbot died, he was unanimously chosen to replace him; but he could not be prevailed upon to accept that honor. He retired to Vallombrosa, which became the cradle of a new Order which followed the Rule of Saint Benedict in all its austerity. It was from this shady valley, a few miles from Florence, that the Order spread over Italy.

Once during a time of famine, he went to the nearly empty storeroom, and at his prayer the provisions multiplied to the point that he could distribute grain to all his houses and to all the poor who presented themselves. On an occasion when he found one of the monasteries too rich, he prayed a stream flowing past it to take on the violence of a torrent and overturn the building. This was done without delay. Another time, the enemies of the Saint came to his convent of Saint Salvi, plundered it and set fire to it and, after treating the monks with ignominy, beat them and injured them. Saint John rejoiced. "Now," he said, "you are true monks. Oh, how I envy your lot!"

Saint John Gualbert fought vigorously against simony, and in many ways promoted the interests of the Faith in Italy. After a life of great austerity, he died while Angels were singing near his bed, on July 12, 1073.

†

July 11th, St. Pius I, Pope and Martyr

The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O eternal Shepherd, watch over the peace of Thy flock, and through blessed Pius, Thy Martyr and Sovereign Pontiff, whom thou didst appoint shepherd over the whole Church, keep her under Thy constant protection. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Pius I, born in the State of Venice, succeeded Saint Hygin in the year 142 as the ninth successor to Saint Peter, during the reign of the emperor Antoninus the Pious. Throughout his pontificate he took great care to make the religion of Christ flourish, and published many beautiful ordinances for the utility of the universal Church. In his decrees he was severe towards blasphemers and with the clergy who showed negligence for the divine Mysteries of the altar. Saint Pius ordained that Easter be celebrated on a Sunday; in this way the custom which the Apostles had already observed became an inviolable law of the Church.

His pontificate was marked by the efforts of various heretics in Rome, among them the gnostics Valentinian, Cerdon, and Marcion, to sow their errors in the Church's center. The last-named, when excluded from communion by Saint Pius, founded the heretical group which bears his name. Saint Justin and other Catholic teachers assisted the Pontiff in defending Christian doctrine and preserving it from corruption. After having governed the Church for fifteen years Saint Pius I obtained the crown of martyrdom by the sword, in the year of Our Lord 150.

†

July 10th, The Seven Brothers, Martyrs and St. Felicitas, Mother

The Seven Holy Brothers Martyrs What is it to be a Mother? The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, we beseech Thee, O almighty God: that we who acknowledge the glorious Martyrs to have been valiant in their confession, may experience their compassion by their intercession with Thee. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

The illustrious martyrdom of these Saints happened at Rome, under the Emperor Antoninus. The seven brothers were the sons of St. Felicitas, a noble, pious, Christian widow in Rome, who, after the death of her husband, served God in a state of continency and employed herself wholly in prayer, fasting, and works of charity. By the public and edifying example of this lady and her whole family many idolaters were moved to renounce the worship of their false gods, and to embrace the Faith of Christ. This excited the anger of the heathen priests, who complained to the emperor that the boldness with which Felicitas publicly practised the Christian religion drew many from the worship of the immortal gods, who were the guardians and protectors of the empire, and that, in order to appease these false gods, it was necessary to compel this lady and her children to sacrifice to them.

Publius, the prefect of Rome, caused the mother and her sons to be apprehended and brought before him, and, addressing her, said, "Take pity on your children, Felicitas; they are in the bloom of youth, and may aspire to the greatest honors and preferments." The holy mother answered, "Your pity is really impiety, and the compassion to which you exhort me would make me the most cruel of mothers." Then turning herself towards her children, she said to them, "My sons, look up to heaven, where Jesus Christ with His Saints expects you. Be faithful in His love, and fight courageously for your souls." Publius, being exasperated at this behavior, commanded her to be cruelly buffeted; he then called the children to him one after another, and used many artful speeches, mingling promises with threats to induce them to adore the gods.

His arguments and threats were equally in vain, and the brothers were condemned to be scourged. After being whipped, they were remanded to prison, and the prefect, despairing to overcome their resolution, laid the whole process before the emperor. Antoninus gave an order that they should be sent to different judges, and be condemned to different deaths. Januarius was scourged to death with whips loaded with plummets of lead. The two next, Felix and Philip, were beaten with clubs till they expired. Sylvanus, the fourth, was thrown headlong down a steep precipice. The three youngest, Alexander, Vitalis, and Martialis, were beheaded, and the same sentence was executed upon the mother four months after.

Reflection--What afflictions do parents daily meet with from the disorders into which their children fall through their own bad example or neglect! Let them imitate the earnestness of St. Felicitas in forming to perfect virtue the tender souls which God hath committed to their charge, and with this Saint they will have the greatest of all comforts in them, and will by His grace count as many Saints in their family as they are blessed with children.

†

July 9th, Ferial Day

Newly Added
A Mother's Prayer for the Conversion of her child The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

July 8th, St. Elizabeth of Portugal, Queen and Widow

St. Elizabeth Queen, Widow The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O most merciful God, Who, amongst other excellent gifts, didst endow the blessed queen Elizabeth with special grace to calm the tempest of war: grant to our humble petitions, through her intercession, that, after a peaceful passage through this mortal life, we may win everlasting joys. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Elizabeth was born in 1271. She was daughter of Pedro III. of Arragon, being named after her aunt, St. Elizabeth of Hungary. At twelve years of age she was given in marriage to Denis, King of Portugal, and from a holy child became a saintly wife. She heard Mass and recited the Divine Office daily, but her devotions were arranged with such prudence that they interfered with no duty of her state. She prepared for her frequent communions by severe austerities, fasting thrice a week, and by heroic works of charity. She was several times called on to make peace between her husband and her son Alphonso, who had taken up arms against him. Her husband tried her much, both by his unfounded jealousy and by his infidelity to herself.

A slander affecting Elizabeth and one of her pages made the king determine to slay the youth, and he told a lime-burner to cast into his kiln the first page who should arrive with a royal message. On the day fixed the page was sent; but the boy, who was in the habit of hearing Mass daily, stopped on his way to do so. The king, in suspense, sent a second page, the very originator of the calumny, who, coming first to the kiln, was at once cast into the furnace and burned. Shortly after, the first page arrived from the church, and took back to the king the lime-burner's reply that his orders had been fulfilled. Thus hearing Mass saved the page's life and proved the queen's innocence.

Her patience, and the wonderful sweetness with which she even cherished the children of her rivals, completely won the king from his evil ways, and he became a devoted husband and a truly Christian king. She built many charitable institutions and religious houses, among others a convent of Poor Clares. After her husband's death, she wished to enter their Order; but being dissuaded by her people, who could not do without her, she took the habit of the Third Order of St. Francis, and spent the rest of her life in redoubled austerities and almsgiving. She died at the age of sixty-five, while in the act of making peace between her children.

Reflection--In the Holy Sacrifice of the Altar St. Elizabeth daily found strength to bear with sweetness suspicion and cruelty; and by that same Holy Sacrifice her innocence was proved. What succor do we forfeit by neglect of daily Mass!

†

July 7th, Sts. Cyril and Metholius, Bishops and Confessors

Newly Added
Sts. Cyril and Methodius The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Almighty and everlasting God, Who didst grant that the Slavonic peoples should come to know Thy name by means of the blessed Confessors and Bishop Cyril and Methodius: grant, that we who glory in their festival may be joined with them in fellowship. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

These two brothers were born in Thessalonica of a senatorial family. Saint Cyril was sent to Constantinople to study, where he became known as the Philosopher; but it was the Holy Church that he desired to serve, and he was ordained a priest. While Cyril was still young, the Patriarch of Constantinople recommended in the year 848 to the reigning Emperor to place him at the head of a mission which was to be sent to the Khazars of the eastern Danube region. Their king desired to learn of Christianity and had requested missionaries. Cyril asked for the time to learn the Turkish language which this people spoke, and after only a short while was ready to preach. The prince of the Khazars received Baptism and the entire nation soon followed his example. Cyril founded churches and furnished them with excellent ministers, then returned to Constantinople, refusing all presents offered him by his converts.

He was next missioned to Bulgaria with his younger brother Methodius, who was a monk of eminent sanctity. This nation, which had migrated like the Khazars from the east, had settled in the Moldavian region and a part of Hungary; they had been exposed to Christianity by some Greek prisoners, and the sister of their king had become a Christian by the good offices of the empress Theodora. When Saint Methodius, an excellent artist, was delegated to paint in the palace for the king, as he requested, a scene which could frighten the beholders, he chose for subject the Last Judgment. The king was so impressed that after being instructed he was baptized, in 865, with forty-eight of his followers. The nation followed their leaders after a brief revolt had been promptly quieted.

The two brothers preached also in Moravia, invited there by the pious king of that nation, whom they baptized with most of his subjects. It was there that Saint Cyril invented a Slavonic alphabet, translating the Bible and other writings from Greek and Latin into the language of the Slavic peoples. In 867 the missionaries went to Rome, where Saint Cyril, who was ill, died soon afterwards.

Saint Methodius was named bishop of Moravia and Pannonia or Hungary. Difficulties were not lacking, but he remained there until 880, when he returned to Rome to justify his conduct, which certain enemies had accused to the Pope. The Pope cleared him before the adversaries, and settled some questions regarding the language to be used in worship. He permitted the Mass to be said in the Slavic language, not to the exclusion, however, of Latin. Saint Methodius also baptized the king of the Bohemians, and again many of the king's subjects followed his example. The Saint lived for about 20 years after his brother's decease; the exact date of his death is unknown.

†

July 6th: Octave of Sts. Peter and Paul, 4th Sunday After Pentecost

4th Sunday After Pentecost Devotions to Sts. Peter and Paul St. Peter and St. Paul Sermons
by Fr. Weninger Spiritual Communion

On Death, as the passage to Eternity
by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

It is of faith that my soul is immortal, and that one day, when I least think of it, I must leave this world. I ought therefore to make a provision for myself, which will not fail with this life, but will be eternal, even as I am eternal. Great things were done here, in their life time, by an Alexander, or a Caesar; but, for how many ages past have their glories ceased! and where are they now? O my God, that I had always loved Thee! What now remains for me, after so many years spent in sin, but trouble and remorse of conscience? But since Thou dost allow me time to repair the evil which I have done, behold me, Lord, ready to perform whatever thou requirest of me, whatever thou pleasest. I will spend the remainder of my days in bewailing my ungrateful conduct towards Thee, and in loving Thee with all my power, my God and my all, my only good.

What will it avail me to have been happy in this world (if indeed true happiness can be attained without God), if hereafter I should be miserable for all eternity? But what folly it is, to know that I must die, and that an eternity either of happiness or misery awaits me after death, and that upon dying ill or well depends my being miserable or happy forever, and yet, not to adopt every means in my power to secure a good death! Holy Spirit, enlighten and strengthen me to live always in Thy grace, until the hour of my departure. O infinite goodness, I am sensible of the evil which I have done by offending Thee, and I detest it: I know that Thou alone art worthy of being loved, and I love Thee above all things.

In a word, all the good things of this life must end at our burial and be left, while we are mouldering in our graves. The shadow of death will cover and obscure all the grandeur and splendour of this world. He only, then, can be called happy, who serves God in this world, and by loving and serving Him acquires eternal happiness. O Jesus, I am truly sorry for having hitherto made so little account of Thy love. Now I love Thee above all things, and I desire nothing else but to love Thee. From henceforth Thou only shalt be the sole object of my love, Thou only shalt be my all; and this is the only inheritance I ask of Thee: to love Thee always, both in this life and in the next. For the merits of Thy bitter passion, give me perseverance in all virtues. Mary, mother of God, Thou art my hope.

†

July 5th, St. Anthony Mary Zaccaria, Confessor

Newly Added
St. Anthony Maria Zaccharia First Saturday Devotions The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Spiritual Communion

Grant, O Lord God, that in the spirit of Paul the Apostle, we may learn the knowledge of Jesus Christ, which surpasses all understanding: wherein blessed Anthony Mary was marvelously learned, who gathered together in Thy Church new households of clerics and of virgins. Through out Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Anthony Maria Zaccaria was born at Cremona, Italy, in 1502, of noble parents. His father died when very young, and his eighteen-year-old mother was left to bring up her only son in the love of God and tenderness for the poor. As a child he gave his coat to a poor beggar who was shivering with cold. He studied philosophy and medicine at the Universities of Pavia and Padua and became a licensed physician in 1524, but was striving more earnestly to care for souls than to heal their material envelope. Sometimes when he was traveling as a doctor and found abandoned children, he assembled them to teach them their Christian duties. He desired a more perfect life and wider possibilities for the apostolate of a Christian. He therefore studied theology, and was twenty-six years old when ordained in 1528.

Those present at the first Mass of Saint Anthony Maria saw him surrounded with an extraordinary light and a crown of Angels. He himself seemed to be an Angel on earth. By his preaching and example, Cremona was renewed, and then the young apostle went to Milan. To remedy disorders of every kind resulting from the war, he founded there the Order of Regular Clerics of Saint Paul, since called Barnabites because they were entrusted with the church of Saint Barnabas. He had a great devotion to Saint Paul and desired that his religious imitate the glorious Apostle. He also established a community of Sisters, called the Angelicals, and a confraternity for fathers of families. He animated all of his followers with his great love for God.

Despite opposition of various kinds, in 1532 the Constitutions of his two communities were approved by Pope Clement VII. Their founder defended his religious with persevering gentleness in all the difficulties they encountered, and recommended to them to spend their free moments in conversation with Jesus crucified. God favored him with exceptional gifts; he read in hearts and saw the future. He died when only 36 years old, in 1539, and was canonized by Pope Leo XIII in 1897.

†

July 4th, The Octave of the Sacred Heart and First Friday

First Friday Devotions Prayers for Peace The True Story of the Life
of Christopher Columbus A Memorial to those who have served in the Military Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory

Devotions to the Sacred Heart of Jesus

Feast of the Sacred Heart The Manual of the Sacred Heart Prayers and Devotions Litany of the Sacred Heart for each day of the week Feast of the Sacred Heart: Sermons by Fr. Weninger Meditations on the Sacred Heart St. Margaret Mary Alacoque I. St. Margaret Mary Alacoque II. Holy Purity Sorrowful Mysteries The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

†

July 3rd, St. Leo II., Pope and Confessor and within the Octave of the Sacred Heart

Devotions to the Sacred Heart Feast of the Sacred Heart The Manual of the Sacred Heart Prayers and Devotions Litany of the Sacred Heart for each day of the week Feast of the Sacred Heart: Sermons by Fr. Weninger Meditations on the Sacred Heart St. Margaret Mary Alacoque I. St. Margaret Mary Alacoque II. Holy Purity The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O eternal Shepherd, watch over the peace of Thy flock, and through blessed Leo, Thy Sovereign Pontiff, whom thou didst appoint shepherd over the whole Church, keep her under Thy constant protection. Through out Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

The pontificate of this great Pope was very brief but very fruitful, since in the ten months of his reign he accomplished good works which have caused his name to be blessed by all succeeding generations. Born in the seventh century in Sicily, he had been a Canon Regular, that is, an ecclesiastical dignitary who resided in his bishop's palace, was charged with recitation of the Office in the cathedral, and was relied upon to serve as the auxiliary of the Ordinary. Saint Leo was a devout student of Holy Scripture, and was well versed in the Greek as well as the Latin language.

In his day grave difficulties frequently arose between the Holy See and the emperors of Constantinople, whose representatives at Ravenna tried to control the bishops of that see; the latter had been striving to become autonomous. Saint Leo published a decree ordering that in the future no bishop of Ravenna could enter into function before being consecrated for that office at Rome, by the Roman Pontiff.

He built three churches in Rome, to honor Saint Paul the Apostle, Saint Sebastian, and Saint George. Saint Leo was highly gifted in the domain of music, and he renovated the Gregorian literature or library, then in a state of confusion; he also composed new hymns, still conserved by the Church. He took special care of widows and orphans and the poor in general, relieving their sufferings with a truly apostolic charity.

Saint Leo confirmed the Acts of the Sixth Ecumenical Council which his predecessor had convoked at Constantinople against the Monothelite heresy, and translated its acts into Latin for the benefit of the Occidentals. When he died in July of 683, his death was deeply regretted by all the faithful. He was interred according to established custom in the church of Saint Peter. He is ordinarily pictured embracing a beggar or holding a book of music.

†

July 2nd: The Visitation

Visitation of the Blessed
Virgin Mary Joyful Mysteries The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary as Set Forth in Her Titles from the Litany of Loreto The Dogma of the Incarnation Rests on the Divine Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary In Defense of Mary
The Mother of God 30 Days Prayer to the
Blessed Virgin Mary True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary by St. Louis Marie de Monfort The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. Joachim
and St. Anne, 1859 The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

T he angel Gabriel, in the mystery of the Annunciation, informed the Mother of God that her cousin Elizabeth had miraculously conceived, and was then pregnant with a son who was to be the precursor of the Messias. The Blessed Virgin out of humility concealed the wonderful dignity to which she was raised by the incarnation of the Son of God in her womb, but, in the transport of her holy joy and gratitude, determined she would go to congratulate the mother of the Baptist. "Mary therefore arose," saith St. Luke, "and with haste went into the hilly country into a city of Judea, and entering into the house of Zachary, saluted Elizabeth."

What a blessing did the presence of the God-man bring to this house, the first which He honored in His humanity with His visit! But Mary is the instrument and means by which He imparts to it His divine benediction, to show us that she is a channel through which He delights to communicate to us His graces, and to en, courage us to ask them of Him through her intercession. At the voice of the Mother of God, but by the power and grace of her divine Son in her womb, Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Ghost, and the Infant in her womb conceived so great a joy as to leap and exult.

At the same time Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Ghost, and by His infused light she understood the great mystery of the Incarnation which God had wrought in Mary, whom humility prevented from disclosing it even to a Saint, and an intimate friend. In raptures of astonishment Elizabeth pronounced her blessed above all other women, and cried out, "Whence is this to me that the mother of my Lord should come to me?" Mary, hearing her own praise, sunk the lower in the abyss of her nothingness, and in the transport of her humility, and melting in an ecstasy of love and gratitude, burst into that admirable canticle, the Magnificat. Mary stayed with her cousin almost three months, after which she returned to Nazareth.

Reflection--Whilst with the Church we praise God for the mercies and wonders which He wrought in this mystery, we ought to apply ourselves to the imitation of the virtues of which Mary sets us a perfect example. From her we ought particularly to learn the lessons by which we shall sanctify our visits and conversation, actions which are to so many Christians the sources of innumerable dangers and sins.

Magnificat

My soul doth magnify the Lord. And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour. Because he hath regarded the humility of his handmaid; for behold from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed.

Because he that is mighty, hath done great things to me; and holy is his name. And His mercy is from generation unto generations, to those that fear him. He hath showed might in his arm: he hath scattered the proud in the conceit of their heart.

He hath put down the mighty from their seat, and hath exalted the humble. He hath filled the hungry with good things; and the rich he hath sent empty away. He hath received Israel his servant, being mindful of his mercy: As he spoke to our fathers, to Abraham and to his seed for ever.

Hymn: O Gloriosa Virginum

O glorious virgin, ever blest, Sublime above the starry sky, Who nurture from the spotless breast To thy Creator didst supply.

What we had lost through hapless Eve The Blossom sprung from thee restores, And, granting bliss to souls that grieve, Unbars the everlasting doors. O Gate, through which hath passed the King,

O Hall, whence Light shone through the gloom; The ransomed nations praise and sing Life given from the Virgin womb. All honor, laud, and glory be,

O Jesu, Virgin-born, to Thee; All glory, as is ever meet, To Father and to Paraclete. Amen

†

July 1st:
The Most Precious Blood and Octave Day of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist

The Most Precious Blood Clock of the Passion Stations of the Cross The Psalter of Jesus Spiritual Communion Devotion to the Five Wounds of Jesus Sorrowful Mysteries Litany of the Holy Cross Video: O Sacred Head Surrounded The Nativity of St. John the Baptist

Almighty, everlasting God, Who didst appoint Thy only-begotten Son to be the Redeemer of the world, and didst vouchsafe to be appeased by the shedding of His Blood: grant, we beseech thee, that by our solemn service we may so honor what He paid as the price of our redemption, and by its virtue may be so defended while on earthy from the evils of this present life, that we may enjoy its fruit for evermore in heaven. Through out Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Hymn: Ira justa Conditoris

He who once, in righteous vengeance, Whelmed the world beneath the Flood, Once again in mercy cleansed it With the stream of His own Blood, Coming from His throne on high On the painful Cross to die.

Blest with this all-saving shower, Earth her beauty straight resumed; In the place of thorns and briars, Myrtles sprang, and roses bloomed: Bitter wormwood of the waste Into honey changed its taste.

Scorpions ceased; the slimy serpent Laid his deadly poison by; Savage beasts of cruel instinct Lost their wild ferocity; Welcoming the gentle reign Of the Lamb for sinners slain.

Oh, the wisdom of th' eternal! Oh, its depth and height divine! Oh, the sweetness of that mercy Which in Jesus Christ doth shine! Slaves we were condemned to die! Our King pays the penalty!

When before the Judge we tremble, Conscious of His broken laws, May this Blood, in that dread hour, Cry aloud, and plead our cause; Bid our guilty terrors cease, Be our pardon and our peace.

Prince and Author of Salvation! Lord of majesty supreme! Jesu, praise to Thee be given By the world Thou didst redeem; Who with the Father and the Spirit, Reignest in eternal merit.

Prayer to Jesus

We therefore pray Thee, help Thy servants: whom Thou hast redeemed with Thy Precious Blood. Amen

(Indulgence of 300 days [215])

Prayer to the Eternal Father

Eternal Father, I offer Thee the Most Precious Blood of Jesus Christ in atonement for my sins, and in supplication for the holy souls in purgatory and for the needs of the holy Church. Amen

(Indulgence of 500 days [219])

Petition

Lord Jesus Christ, Who camest down from heaven to earth from the bosom of the Father, and didst shed Thy Precious Blood for the remission of our sins: We humbly beseech Thee, that in the day of judgment we may deserve to hear, standing at Thy right hand: "Come, ye blessed," Who livest and reignest for ever and ever. Amen.

(Roman Missal)

†

June 30th: Commemoration of St. Paul, Apostle and within the Octave of the Sacred Heart

Conversion of St. Paul Devotions to Sts. Peter and Paul St. Peter and St. Paul Sermons
by Fr. Weninger The Necessity of Prayer for Sinners The Prodigal Son, the Sinner's Return to God The Sinner's Guide by Ven. Louis of Granada, O.P. Our Lady Refuge of Sinners

O God, Who by the preaching of the blessed Apostle Paul didst teach the multitude of the Gentiles: grant, we beseech Thee, that we who keep his festival may also enjoy his patronage. Through out Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Hymn: Egregie Doctor

O great Apostle Paul, may thy deep wisdom teach our earth-bound souls to strive with thee the skies to reach; Till that which perfect is shall shine with fuller glow, And that be done away, which here in part we know. All honor, might, and power, and hymns of joy we bring, While to the Trinity eternal praise we sing; He rules the universe in wondrous unity, And shall, throughout the days of all eternity. Amen

†

June 29th: Sts. Peter and Paul, Apostles and the 3rd Sunday After Pentecost

3rd Sunday After Pentecost
Spiritual Communion Devotions to Sts. Peter and Paul St. Peter and St. Paul Sermons
by Fr. Weninger

Devotions to the Sacred Heart Feast of the Sacred Heart The Manual of the Sacred Heart Prayers and Devotions Litany of the Sacred Heart for each day of the week Feast of the Sacred Heart: Sermons by Fr. Weninger St. Margaret Mary Alacoque I. St. Margaret Mary Alacoque II. Holy Purity

O God, Who has made this day holy by the martyrdom of Thy Apostles Peter and Paul: grant unto Thy Church, that as from them she first received the faith, so she may in all things follow their holy precepts. Through out Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Peter was of Bethsaida in Galilee, and as he was fishing on the lake was called by Our Lord to be one of His apostles. He was poor and unlearned, but candid, eager, and loving. In his heart, first of all, grew up the conviction, and from his lips came the confession, "Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God;" and so Our Lord chose him, and fitted him to be the Rock of His Church, His Vicar on earth, the head and prince of His apostles, the centre and very principle of the Church's oneness, the source of all spiritual powers, and the unerring teacher of His truth.

All Scripture is alive with him; but after Pentecost he stands out in the full grandeur of his office. He fills the vacant apostolic throne; admits the Jews by thousands into the fold; opens it to the Gentiles in the person of Cornelius; founds, and for a time rules, the Church at Antioch, and sends Mark to found that of Alexandria. Ten years after the Ascension he went to Rome, the centre of the majestic Roman Empire, where were gathered the glories and the wealth of the earth and all the powers of evil. There he established his Chair, and for twenty-five years labored with St. Paul in building up the great Roman Church. He was crucified by order of Nero, and buried on the Vatican Hill. He wrote two Epistles, and suggested and approved the Gospel of St. Mark.

Two hundred and sixty years after St. Peter's martyrdom came the open triumph of the Church. Pope St. Sylvester, with bishops and clergy and the whole body of the faithful, went through Rome in procession to the Vatican Hill, singing the praises of God till the seven hills rang again. The first Christian emperor, laying aside his diadem and his robes of state, began to dig the foundations of St. Peter's Church. And now on the site of that old church stands the noblest temple ever raised by man; beneath a towering canopy lie the great apostles, in death, as in life, undivided; and there is the Chair of St. Peter. All around rest the martyrs of Christ' Popes, Saints, Doctors, from east and west and high over all, the words, "Thou art Peter, and on this Rock I will build My Church." It is the threshold of the apostles and the centre of the world.

St. Paul was born at Tarsus, of Jewish parents, and studied at Jerusalem, at the feet of Gamaliel. While still a young man, he held the clothes of those who stoned the proto-martyr Stephen; and in his restless zeal he pressed on to Damascus, "breathing out threatenings and slaughter against the disciples of Christ." But near Damascus a light from heaven struck him to the earth. He heard a voice which said, "Why persecutest thou Me? "He saw the form of Him Who had been crucified for his sins, and then for three days he saw nothing more. He awoke another man--a new creature in Jesus Christ.

He left Damascus for a long retreat in Arabia, and then, at the call of God, he carried the Gospel to the uttermost limits of the world, and for years he lived and labored with no thought but the thought of Christ crucified, no desire but to spend and be spent for Him. He became the apostle of the Gentiles, whom he had been taught to hate, and wished himself anathema for his own countrymen, who sought his life. Perils by land and sea could not damp his courage, nor toil and suffering and age dull the tenderness of his heart. At last he gave blood for blood. In his youth he had imbibed the false zeal of the Pharisees at Jerusalem, the holy city of the former dispensation. With St. Peter he consecrated Rome, our holy city, by his martyrdom, and poured into its Church all his doctrine with all his blood.

He left fourteen Epistles, which have been a fountain-head of the Church's doctrine, the consolation and delight of her greatest Saints. His interior life, so far as words can tell it, lies open before us in these divine writings, the life of one who has died forever to himself and risen again in Jesus Christ. "In what," says St. Chrysostom, "in what did this blessed one gain an advantage over the other apostles? How comes it that he lives in all men's mouths throughout the world? Is it not through the virtue of his Epistles?" Nor will his work cease while the race of man continues. Even now, like a most chivalrous knight, he stands in our midst, and takes captive every thought to the obedience of Christ.

Hymn: Beate Pastor, Petre

Peter, blest Shepherd, hearken to our cry, And with a word unloose our guilty chain; Thou! who hast power to ope the gates on high To men below, and power to shut them fast again.

Lead us, great teacher Paul, in wisdom's ways, And lift our hearts with thine to heaven's high throne; Till faith beholds the clear meridian blaze; And sunlike in the soul reigns charity alone.

Praise, blessing, majesty, through endless days, Be to the Trinity immortal given; Who in pure unity profoundly sways Eternally alike all things in earth and heaven.

†

June 28th: St. Irenaeus, Bishop & Martyr

St. Irenaeus Bishop and Martyr

O God, who hast made this present day full of honor to us in the birth of blessed John: give to thy people the grace of spiritual joys, and guide the souls of all the faithful into the way of everlasting salvation. Through out Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

This Saint was born about the year 120. He was a Grecian, probably a native of Lesser Asia. His parents, who were Christians, placed him under the care of the great St. Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna. It was in so holy a school that he learned that sacred science which rendered him afterward a great ornament of the Church and the terror of her enemies. St. Polycarp cultivated his rising genius, and formed his mind to piety by precepts and example; and the zealous scholar was careful to reap all the advantages which were offered him by the happiness of such a master. Such was his veneration for his tutor's sanctity that he observed every action and whatever be saw in that holy man, the better to copy his example and learn his spirit.

He listened to his instructions with an insatiable ardor, and so deeply did he engrave them on his heart that the impressions remained most lively even to his old age. In order to confute the heresies of his age, this father made himself acquainted with the most absurd conceits of their philosophers, by which means he was qualified to trace up every error to its sources and set it in its full light. St. Polycarp sent St. Irenaeus into Gaul, in company with some priest; he was himself ordained priest of the Church of Lyons by St. Pothinus. St. Pothinus having glorified God by his happy death, in the year 177, our Saint was chosen the second Bishop of Lyons. By his preaching, he in a short time converted almost that whole country to the Faith. He wrote several works against heresy, and at last, with many others, suffered martyrdom about the year 202, under the Emperor Severus, at Lyons.

Reflection--Fathers and mothers, and heads of families, spiritual and temporal, should bear in mind that inferiors "will not be corrected by words" alone, but that example is likewise needful.

June 28th: Vigil of Sts. Peter and Paul

The Church celebrates tomorrow the feast of the two apostles who are the two foundations on which she is solidly is solidly established. "The rigor to which a people subjects itself by certain days of preparation," writes Dom Gueranger, "is a mark of the fiath which it has preserved, showing that it understands the greatness of the object proposed by the holy Liturgy for its worship."

Peter raised to his cross, like Christ rises above the world. He seals in his blood his confession of faith and love in Jesus, and henceforth it will be in His name, and as His vicar that he will be king of souls.

Paul, by sharing his labors and martyrdom, shares his kingship and his triumph.

†

June 27th: Sacred Heart of Jesus

History of the Devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus

Among the wonderful developments of sacred teaching and piety, by which the plans of the divine wisdom are daily made clear to the Church, hardly any is more manifest than the triumphant progress made by the devotion of the most Sacred Heart of Jesus. Very often indeed, during the course of past ages, Fathers, Doctors, and Saints have celebrated our Redeemer's love: and they have said, that the wound opened in the side of Christ was the hidden fountain of all graces. Moreover, from the Middle Ages onward, when the faithful began to show a more tender piety towards the most sacred Humanity of the Savior, contemplative souls became accustomed to penetrate through that wound almost to the very Heart itself, wounded for the love of men.

And from that time, this form of contemplation became so familiar to all persons of saintly life, that there was no country or religious order in which, during this period, witnesses to it were not to be found. Finally, during recent centuries, and most especially at that period when heretics, in the name of a false piety, strove to discourage Christians from receiving the most Holy Eucharist, the veneration of the most Sacred Heart began to be openly practiced, principally through the exertions of St. John Eudes, who is by no means unworthily called the founder of the liturgical worship of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary.

But, in order to establish fully and entirely the worship of the most Sacred Heart of Jesus, and to spread the same throughout the whole world, God himself chose as his instrument a most humble virgin from the order of the Visitation, St. Margaret Mary Alacoque, who even in her earliest years already had a burning love for the Sacrament of the Eucharist, and to whom Christ the Lord had very many times appeared, and was pleased to make known the riches and the desires of his divine Heart.

The most famous of these appearances was that in which Jesus revealed himself to her in prayer before the blessed Sacrament, showed her his most Sacred Heart, and, complaining that in return for his unbounded love, he met with nothing but outrages and ingratitude from mankind, he ordered her to concern herself with the establishment of a new feast, on the Friday after the octave of Corpus Christi, on which his Heart should be venerated with due honor, and that the insults offered him by sinners in the Sacrament of love should be expiated by worthy satisfaction.

But there is no one who does not know how many and how great were the obstacles which the handmaid of God experienced, in carrying out the commands of Christ: but, endowed with strength by the Lord himself, and actively aided by her pious spiritual directors, who exerted themselves with an almost unbelievable zeal, up to the time of her death she never ceased faithfully to carry out the duty entrusted to her by heaven.

At length, in the year 1765, the Supreme Pontiff Clement XIII approved the Mass and Office in honor of the most Sacred Heart of Jesus; and Pius IX extended the feast to the universal Church, From then on the worship of the most Sacred Heart, like an overflowing river, washing away all obstacles, has poured itself over the whole earth, and, at the dawn of the new century, Leo XIII, having proclaimed a jubilee, decided to dedicate the whole human race to the most Sacred Heart.

This consecration was actually carried out with solemn rites in all the churches of the Catholic world, and brought about a great increase of this devotion, leading not only nations but even private families to it, who in countless numbers dedicated themselves to the Divine Heart, and submitted themselves to its royal sway.

Lastly, the Sovereign Pontiff Pius XI, in order that, by its solemnity, the feast might answer more fully to the greatly widespread devotion of the Christian people, raised the feast of the most Sacred Heart of Jesus to the rite of a double of the first class, with an octave; and moreover, that the violated rights of Christ, the supreme King and most loving Lord, might be repaired, and that the sins of the nations might be bewailed, he ordered that annually, on that same feast-day, there should be recited an expiatory form of prayer in all the churches of the Christian world.

June 27th: In Some Places the Feast Day of Our Lady of Perpetual Help

Our Lady of Perpetual Help Joyful Mysteries Sorrowful Mysteries Glorious Mysteries

Mary, thou refuge of sinners, full of grace, pray for us, that God may give us the light to recognize fully the evil of sin, and to avoid it for evermore!

†

June 26th: Sts. John and Paul, Martyrs

The Week Sanctified in
The Sacred Heart Spiritual Communion

The Novena to Our Mother of Perpetual Help--which can be found on the link below--can also be said anytime throughout the year. June 27th is the Feast of Our Lady of Perpetual Help.

Our Lady of Perpetual Help The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, we beseech thee almighty God: that we may receive twofold joy on this day's festival of the triump of blessed John and Paul; whom the same faith and the same martyrdom made to be truly brethren. Through out Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

These two Saints were both officers in the army under Julian the Apostate, and received the crown of martyrdom, probably in 362. They glorified God by a double victory; they despised the honors of the world, and triumphed over its threats and torments. They saw many wicked men prosper in their impiety, but were not dazzled by their example.

They considered that worldly prosperity which attends impunity in sin is the most dreadful of all judgments; and how false and short-lived was this glittering prosperity of Julian, who in a moment fell into the pit which he himself had dug! But the martyrs, by the momentary labor of their conflict, purchased an immense weight of never-fading glory; their torments were, by their heroic patience and invincible virtue and fidelity, a spectacle worthy of God, Who looked down upon them from the throne of His glory, and held His arm stretched out to strengthen them, and to put on their heads immortal crowns in the happy moment of their victory.

Reflection--The Saints always accounted that they had done nothing for Christ so long as they had not resisted to blood, and by pouring forth the last drop completed their sacrifice. Every action of our lives ought to spring from this fervent motive, and we should consecrate ourselves to the divine service with our whole strength; we must always bear in mind that we owe to God all that we are, and, after all we can do, are unprofitable servants, and do only what we are bound to do.

†

June 25th: St. William, Abbot

The Week Sanctified in
The Sacred Heart Spiritual Communion

The Novena to Our Mother of Perpetual Help--which can be found on the link below--can also be said anytime throughout the year. June 27th is the Feast of Our Lady of Perpetual Help.

Our Lady of Perpetual Help The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who, to help our weakness, has given us Thy Saints to be our example and protection in the way of salvation: grant to us that we may so venerate the merits of the blessed Abbot William, that we may both gain his prayers and follow in his footsteps. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. William, having lost his father and mother in his infancy, was brought up by his friends in great sentiments of piety; and at fifteen years of age, out of an earnest desire to lead a penitential life, he left Piedmont, his native country, made an austere pilgrimage to St. James's in Galicia, and afterward retired into the kingdom of Naples, where he chose for his abode a desert mountain, and lived in perpetual contemplation and the exercises of most rigorous penitential austerities. Finding himself discovered and his contemplation interrupted, he changed his habitation and settled in a place called Monte-Vergine, situated between Nola and Benevento, in the same kingdom; but his reputation followed him, and he was obliged by two neighboring priests to permit certain fervent persons to live with him and to imitate his ascetic practices. Thus, in 1119, was laid the foundation of the religious congregation called de Monte-Vergine. The Saint died on the 25th of June, 1142.

†

June 24th: Birthday of St. John the Baptist

The Nativity of St. John the Baptist St. John the Baptist The Week Sanctified in
The Sacred Heart Spiritual Communion

The Novena to Our Mother of Perpetual Help--which can be found on the link below--can also be said anytime throughout the year. June 27th is the Feast of Our Lady of Perpetual Help.

Our Lady of Perpetual Help The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who hast made this present day full of honor to us in the birth of blessed John: give to Thy people the grace of spiritual joys, and guide the souls of all the faithful into the way of everlasting salvation. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

The birth of St. John was foretold by an angel of the Lord to his father, Zachary, who was offering incense in the Temple. It was the office of St. John to prepare the way for Christ, and before he was born into the world he began to live for the Incarnate God. Even in the womb he knew the presence of Jesus and of Mary, and he leaped with joy at the glad coming of the son of man. In his youth he remained hidden, because He for Whom he waited was hidden also. But before Christ's public life began, a divine impulse led St. John into the desert; there, with locusts for his food and haircloth on his skin, in silence and in prayer, he chastened his own soul. Then, as crowds broke in upon his solitude, he warned them to flee from the wrath to come, and gave them the baptism of penance, while they confessed their sins. At last there stood in the crowd One Whom St. John did not know, till a voice within told him that it was his Lord. With the baptism of St. John, Christ began His penance for the sins of His people, and St. John saw the Holy Ghost descend in bodily form upon Him.

Then the Saint's work was done. He had but to point his own disciples to the Lamb, he had but to decrease as Christ increased. He saw all men leave him and go after Christ. "I told you," he said, "that I am not the Christ. The friend of the Bridegroom rejoiceth because of the Bridegroom's voice. This my joy therefore is fulfilled." St. John had been cast into the fortress of Machaerus by a worthless tyrant whose crimes be had rebuked, and he was to remain there till he was beheaded, at the will of a girl who danced before this wretched king. In this time of despair, if St. John could have known despair, some of his old disciples visited him. St. John did not speak to them of himself, but he sent them to Christ, that they might see the proofs of His mission. Then the Eternal Truth pronounced the panegyric of the Saint who had lived and breathed for Him alone: "Verily I say unto you, Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist"

Reflection--St. John was great before God because he forgot himself and lived for Jesus Christ, Who is the source of all greatness. Remember that you are nothing; your own will and your own desires can only lead to misery and sin. Therefore sacrifice every day some one of your natural inclinations to the Sacred Heart of Our Lord, and learn little by little to lose yourself in Him.

†

June 23rd: Vigil of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist

The Week Sanctified in the Sacred Heart Spiritual Communion

The Novena to Our Mother of Perpetual Help--which can be found on the link below--can also be said anytime throughout the year. June 27th is the Feast of Our Lady of Perpetual Help.

Our Lady of Perpetual Help The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, we beseech thee, almighty God: that thy servants may walk in the way of salvation, and by following the admonitions of the forerunner blessed John, may surely come to him whom he foretold, our Lord Jesus Christ, thy Son: Who liveth etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Homily on St. John the Baptist by St. Ambrose

Divine Scripture teaches us that we should praise the lives not only of those who are publicly honored, but also the lives of their parents; in order that, as it were, the transmitted heritage of spotless purity may stand out in those whom we wish to praise. For what other intention had the holy Evangelist in this place but to glorify St. John the Baptist in his parents, as in his miracles, his manner of life, his gifts, and his sufferings? So also Anna is praised, the mother of holy Samuel; so did Isaac receive from his parents that nobility of goodness, which he bequeathed to his descendants. Therefore the priest Zachary was not only a priest, but even of the course of Abia, that is, of a house distinguished among the noble families.

And his wife, says he, was of the daughters of Aaron. Therefore the nobility of St. John was inherited not only from his parents, but also from ancestors not distinguished by worldly power, but by a venerable religious succession. For it was fitting that the forerunner of Christ should have such ancestors; that it might be evident that the preaching of faith in the coming of the Lord was not a gift suddenly received, but one inherited from his ancestors, and implanted in him by the very law of nature. And they were, says he, both just before God, walking blamelessly in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord. What do they make of this who, to show some excuse for their own sins, think that man cannot live without sinning often; and make use of the verse, which is written in Job; No man is pure from sin even though his life on earth be but for one day?

We must answer such persons, first by asking what they mean by a man without sin: whether he is a man who has never sinned, or one who has stopped sinning. For if, by a man without sin, they mean one who has never sinned, I agree with them. For all have sinned, and are without the glory of God. But if they deny that he who has amended his old fault, and has changed his way of life, in order to refrain from sin, cannot keep from sins, I cannot concur in their opinion, since we read that: The Lord so loved the Church, that he might present it to himself a glorious one, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing: but that it should be holy and without blemish.

†

June 22nd: Sunday within the Octave of Corpus Christi; St. Paulinus, Bishop and Confessor

Sunday within the Octave of Corpus Christi Corpus Christi Corpus Christi: Litany of the Blessed Sacrament Spiritual Communion St. Paulinus, Bishop and Confessor

O God, who hast promised a hundredfold hereafter and life everlasting to those who leave all things in this world for Thy sake: grant in Thy mercy, that we mayh follow in the footsteps of the holy bishop Paulinus and may learn to despise the things of this world and desire only those of heaven: Who livest etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Paulinus was of a family which boasted of a long line of senators, prefects, and consuls. He was educated with great care, and his genius and eloquence, in prose and verse, were the admiration of St. Jerome and St. Augustine. He had more than doubled his wealth by marriage, and was one of the foremost men of his time. Though he was the chosen friend of Saints, and had a great devotion to St. Felix of Nola, he was still only a catechumen, trying to serve two masters. But God drew him to Himself along the way of sorrows and trials. He received baptism, withdrew into Spain to be alone, and then, in consort with his holy wife, sold all their vast estates in various parts of the empire, distributing their proceeds so prudently that St. Jerome says East and West were filled with his alms. He was then ordained priest, and retired to Nola in Campania. There he rebuilt the Church of St. Felix with great magnificence, and served it night and day, living a life of extreme abstinence and toil.

In 409 he was chosen bishop, and for more than thirty years so ruled as to be conspicuous in an age blessed with many great and wise bishops. St. Gregory the Great tells us that when the Vandals of Africa had made a descent on Campania, Paulinus spent all he had in relieving the distress of his people and redeeming them from slavery. At last there came a poor widow; her only son had been carried off by the son-in-law of the Vandal king. "Such as I have I give thee," said the Saint to her; "we will go to Africa, and I will give myself for your son." Having overborne her resistance, they went, and Paulinus was accepted in place of the widow's son, and employed as gardener. After a time the king found out, by divine interposition, that his son-in-law's slave was the great Bishop of Nola. He at once set him free, granting him also the freedom of all the townsmen of Nola who were in slavery. One who knew him well says he was meek as Moses, priestlike as Aaron, innocent as Samuel, tender as David, wise as Solomon, apostolic as Peter, loving as John, cautious as Thomas, keen-sighted as Stephen, fervent as Apollos. He died in 431.

Reflection--"Go to Campania," writes St. Augustine; "there study Paulinus, that choice servant of God. With what generosity, with what still greater humility, he has flung from him the burden of this world's grandeurs to take on him the yoke of Christ, and in His service how serene and unobtrusive his life!"

†

June 21st: St. Aloysius Gonzaga, Confessor
Patron of Youth

The Life of St. Aloysius Newly Added
Feast Day of St. Aloysius Gonzaga, Children's Sermon St. Aloysius Additional Prayers St. Aloysius Gonzaga, Confessor Spiritual Communion The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, the giver of heavenly gifts, who in the angelic youth Aloysius didst unite wonderful innocence of life with an equal severity of penance: grant, through his merits and prayers, that we who have failed to follow the example of his innocence may imitate his practice of penance. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Aloysius, the eldest son of Ferdinand Gonzaga, Marquis of Castiglione, was born on the 9th of March, 1568. The first words he pronounced were the holy names of Jesus and Mary. When he was nine years of age he made a vow of perpetual virginity, and by a special grace was ever exempted from temptations against purity. He received his first Communion at the hands of St. Charles Borromeo. At an early age he resolved to leave the world, and in a vision was directed by our blessed Lady to join the Society of Jesus. The Saint's mother rejoiced on learning his determination to become a religious, but his father for three years refused his consent. At length St. Aloysius obtained permission to enter the novitiate on the 25th of November, 1585. He took his vows after two years, and went through the ordinary course of philosophy and theology.

He was wont to say he doubted whether without penance grace would continue to make head against I nature, which, when not afflicted and chastised, tends gradually to relapse into its old state, losing the habit of suffering acquired by the labor of years. "I am a crooked piece of iron," he said, "and am come into religion to be made straight by the hammer of mortification and penance." During his last year of theology a malignant fever broke out in Rome; the Saint offered himself for the service of the sick, and he was accepted for the dangerous duty. Several of the brothers caught the fever, and Aloysius was of the number. He was brought to the point of death, but recovered, only to fall, however, into slow fever, which carried him off after three months. He died, repeating the Holy Name, a little after midnight between the 20th and 21st of June, on the octave-day of Corpus Christi, being Prather more than twenty-three years of age.

Reflection--Cardinal Bellarmine, the Saint's confessor, testified that he had never mortally offended God. Yet he chastised his body rigorously, rose at night to pray, and shed many tears for his sins. Pray that, not having followed his innocence, you may yet imitate his penance.

†

June 20th: St. Silverius, Pope and Martyr

God the Teacher of Mankind: The Holy Sacrifice of the Mass, 1884 Behold the Lamb, A Book for Little Folks About the Holy Mass, 1912 Spiritual Communion The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O eternal Shepherd, watch over the peace of Thy flock, and through blessed Silverius, Thy Martyr and Sovereign Pontiff, whom thou didst appoint shepherd over the whole Church, keep her under Thy constant protection. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Silverius was son of Pope Hermisdas, who had been married before he entered the ministry. Upon the death of St. Agapetas, after a vacancy of forty-seven days, Silverius, then subdeacon, was chosen Pope, and ordained on the 8th of June, 536.

Theodora, the empress of Justinian, resolved to promote the sect of the Acephali. She endeavored to win Silverius over to her interest, and wrote to him, ordering that he should acknowledge Anthimus lawful bishop, or repair in person to Constantinople and reexamine his cause on the spot. Without the least hesitation or delay, Silverius returned her a short answer, by which he peremptorily gave her to understand that he neither could nor would obey her unjust demands and betray the cause of the Catholic faith.

The empress, finding that she could expect nothing from him, resolved to have him deposed. Vigilius, archdeacon of the Roman Church, a man of address, was then at Constantinople. To him the empress made her application, and finding him taken by the bait of ambition, promised to make him Pope, and to bestow on him seven hundred pieces of gold, provided he would engage himself to condemn the Council of Chalcedon and receive to Communion the three deposed Eutychian patriarchs, Anthimus of Constantinople, Severus of Antioch, and Theodosius of Alexandria. The unhappy Vigilius having assented to these conditions, the empress sent him to Rome, charged with a letter to the general Belisarius, commanding him to drive out Silverius and to contrive the election of Vigilius to the pontificate.

Vigilius urged the general to execute the project. The more easily to carry out this project the Pope was accused of corresponding with the enemy and a letter was produced which was pretended to have been written by him to the king of the Goths, inviting him into the city, and promising to open the gates to him. Silverius was banished to Patara in Lycia. The bishop of that city received the illustrious exile with all possible marks of honor and respect; and thinking himself bound to undertake his defence, repaired to Constantinople, and spoke boldly to the emperor, terrifying him with the threats of the divine judgments for the expulsion of a bishop of so great a see, telling him, "There are many kings in the world, but there is only one Pope over the Church of the whole world."

It must be observed that these were the words of an Oriental bishop, and a clear confession of the supremacy of the Roman See. Justinian appeared startled at the atrocity of the proceedings, and gave orders that Silverius should be sent back to Rome, but the enemies of the Pope contrived to prevent it, and he was intercepted on his road toward Rome and carried to a desert island, where he died on the 20th of June, 538.

†

June 19th: Corpus Christi

Corpus Christi Corpus Christi: Litany of the Blessed Sacrament The Sacrament of the
Holy Eucharist The Triumph of the Blessed Sacrament or Exorcism of Nicola Aubry, by Fr. Michael Muller Spiritual Communion Apparition of St. Michael, the Angel of the Blessed Sacrament

O God, Who under a wonderful Sacrament hast left us a memorial of Thy passion: grant us, we beseech Thee, so to venerate the sacred mysteries of Thy body and blood, that we may evermore feel within the fruit of Thy redemption: Who livest etc.

(Roman Breviary)

June 19th: St. Juliana Falconieri, Virgin and Sts. Gervase and Protase, Martyrs

St. Juliana Falconieri, Virgin The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who in the extremity of her sickness, didst wondrously refresh Thy blessed Virgin Juliana with the precious Body of Thy Son: grant, we beseech Thee; that, in the agony of death, we may by her intercession and merits be so strengthened and refreshed thereby, that we may attain in safety to our heavenly country. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Juliana Falconieri was born in 1270, in answer to prayer. Her father was the builder of the splendid church of the Annunziata in Florence, while her uncle, Saint Alexis Falconieri, became one of the seven Founders of the Servite Order. Under his surveillance Juliana grew up "more like an angel than a human being," as he said. Her great modesty was remarkable; never during her entire lifetime did she look at her reflection in a mirror. The mere mention of sin made her shudder and tremble, and once, on hearing of a scandal, she fainted.

Her devotion to the sorrows of Our Lady drew her to the Servants of Mary or Servite Order, and at the age of fourteen, after refusing an offer of marriage, she received the habit from Saint Philip Benizi, General of the Order. Her sanctity attracted many novices, for whose direction she was bidden to draw up a rule, and thus she became foundress of the Mantellate.

She was the servant of her Sisters rather than their mistress, while outside her convent she led a life of apostolic charity, converting sinners, reconciling enemies, and healing the sick. She was sometimes rapt for whole days in ecstasy, and her prayers saved the Servite Order when it was in danger of being suppressed.

Saint Juliana in her old age suffered various painful illnesses. She was wasting away through a disease of the stomach which prevented her taking food, and bore her silent agony with constant cheerfulness, grieving only for the privation of Holy Communion. At last, when in her seventieth year she was at the point of death, she begged to be allowed once more to see and adore the Blessed Sacrament. It was brought to her cell and reverently laid on a corporal, which was placed over her heart. At this moment she expired, and the Sacred Host disappeared. After her death the form of the Host was found stamped upon her heart, at the exact spot over which the Blessed Sacrament had been placed. Saint Juliana died in her convent in Florence in 1340. Miracles have been frequently effected through her intercession.

O God, Who dost gladden us by the annual feast of Thy holy Martyrs, Gervase and Protase, mercifully grant that we who rejoice in their merits may be inspired by their examples. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

June 18th: Sts. Ephrem the Syrian, Deacon, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church and Sts. Mark and Marcellianus, Martyrs

St. Ephrem the Syrian, Deacon, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church

O God, who hast willed to enlighten Thy Church by the wondrous learning and excellent merits of the life of blessed Ephraem Thy Confessor and Doctor: we suppliantly beseech Thee, that at his intercession Thou mayst defend it by Thy everlasting power against the snares of error and wickedness. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Ephrem is the light and glory of the Syriac Church. A mere youth, he entered on the religious life at Nisibis, his native place. Long years of retirement taught him the science of the Saints, and then God called him to Edessa, there to teach what he had learned so well. He defended the Faith against heresies, in books which have made him known as the Prophet of the Syrians. Crowds hung upon his words. Tears used to stop his voice when he preached. He trembled and made his hearers tremble at the thought of God's judgments; but he found in compunction and humility the way to peace, and he rested with unshaken confidence in the mercy of our blessed Lord. "I am setting out," he says, speaking of his own death, "I am setting out on a journey hard and dangerous. Thee, O Son of God, I have taken for my Viaticum. When I am hungry, I will feed on Thee. The infernal fire will not venture near me, for it cannot bear the fragrance of Thy Body and Thy Blood."

His hymns won the hearts of the people, drove out the hymns of the Gnostic heretics, and gained for him the title which he bears in the Syriac Liturgy to this day "the Harp of the Holy Ghost." Passionate as he was by nature, from the time he entered religion no one ever saw him angry. Abounding in labors till the last, he toiled for the suffering poor at Edessa in the famine of 378, and there lay down to die in extreme old age. What was the secret of success so various and so complete? Humility, which made him distrust himself and trust God. Till his death, he wept for the slight sins committed in the thoughtlessness of boyhood. He refused the dignity of the priesthood. "I," he told St. Basil, whom he went to see at the bidding of the Holy Spirit, "I am that Ephrem who has wandered from the path of heaven." Then bursting into tears, he cried out, "O my father, have pity on a sinful wretch, and lead me on the narrow way."

Reflection--Humility is the path which leads to abiding peace and brings us near to the consolations of God.

Grant, we beseech Thee, almighty God: that we who celebrate the birthday of Thy Saints Mark and Marcellian, may through through their intercession be delivered from all the evils that are ready to fall upon us. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Marcus and Marcellianus were twin brothers of an illustrious family in Rome, who had been converted to the Faith in their youth and were honorably married. Diocletian ascending the imperial throne in 284, the heathens raised persecutions. These martyrs were thrown into prison, and condemned to be beheaded. Their friends obtained a respite of the execution for thirty days, that they might prevail on them to worship the false gods, Tranquillinus and Martia, their afflicted heathen parents, in company with their sons' own wives and their little babes, endeavored to move them by the most tender entreaties and tears.

St. Sebastian, an officer of the emperor's household, coming to Rome soon after their commitment, daily visited and encouraged them. The issue of the conferences was the happy conversion of the father, mother, and wives, also of Nicostratus, the public register, and soon after of Chromatius, the judge, who set the Saints at liberty, and, abdicating the magistracy, retired into the country. Marcus and Marcellianus were hid by a Christian officer of the household in his apartments in the palace; but they were betrayed by an apostate, and retaken. Fabian, who had succeeded Chromatius, condemned them to be bound to two pillars, with their feet nailed to the same. In this posture they remained a day and a night, and on the following day were stabbed with lances.

Reflection--We know not what we are till we have been tried. It costs nothing to say we love God above all things, and to show the courage of martyrs at a distance from the danger; but that love is sincere which has stood the proof. "Persecution shows who is a hireling, and who a true pastor," says St. Bernard.

†

June 17th: Ferial Day

The Sign of the Cross Reminds us of the Holy Trinity

Point I: In the Name of the Father

Consideration.-- When you say these words in making the sign of the Cross, add, at least mentally, Who created me in His image, and for heaven. These words are a meditation in themselves: Who created me, out of nothing, by His almighty power, and still more by His love of predilection instead of so many others who would have served Him better. In His image: how beautiful and precious, then, must my soul be in the sight of the angels! It is the living portrait of God, and reminds us always and everywhere that we are "all the children of the Most High." And for heaven: to be happy there forever, body and soul, full of glory and joy unspeakable.

Application.-- Such are a few of the thoughts which may occupy your mind when, in making the sign of the Cross, you add the words, Who created me in His image for heaven. And these thoughts will excite suitable affections.

Affections.-- Our Father who art in heaven, may Thy name be hallowed in my heart and mind by everincreasing respect and filial love.

Point II: And of the Son

Consideration.-- Add to these words in like manner, Who has redeemed me by His blood, with so much love. Redeemed from the slavery of the devil, from the eternal damnation to which sin had subjected me, and from which none but the Son of God could deliver me. Who has redeemed me, not with silver or gold, but with His blood, with every drop of His blood. And with so much love: the purest and most disinterested love possible, since He had nothing to gain by loving me, being Himself the Infinite God.

Application.-- You will have no difficulty in drawing practical conclusions from these thoughts. Being redeemed by the Son of God, you belong no longer to yourselves, but to Him. You must therefore live for Him, and glorify Him by the holiness of your life, and also by the ardor of your zeal for other souls redeemed by Him; and you must have an unbounded confidence that, having given Himself for you, He will refuse you nothing.

Affections.-- Beg of God that these thoughts and practical conclusions may be habitually present to your heart and mind, when you make the sign of the Cross.

Point III: And of the Holy Ghost

Consideration.-- Add again to these words, Who has sanctified me, and adopted me as the child of God. Sanctified by His mysterious operations in the Holy Sacraments, particularly in Baptism and Confirmation. Sanctified by His Divine inspirations and graces, especially by the grace of my holy vocation. And adopted as the child of God: adopted in the fullest sense of the words, and with all the privileges of a true adoption.

Application.-- These thoughts will remind us of the solemn obligations of our Baptism, our Confirmation, our vocation; they will make us docile and obedient to the inspirations of the Holy Ghost, and true children of God.

We may thus derive great benefit from this method of making the sign of the Cross: In the name of the Father, who has created me in His image, and for heaven; and of the Son, who has redeemed me with His blood, and with so much love; and of the Holy Ghost, who has sanctified me, and adopted me as the child of God, I desire to begin and end this day, this action, etc.

†

June 16th: Ferial Day

On the love with which God receives the repentant sinner.

by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

The kings of the earth reject from their presence their rebellious subjects, when they come to seek for pardon; but Jesus Christ assures us that He will never reject any rebellious sinner that penitently casts himself at His feet: him that cometh to me I will not cast out. St. John vi 37. He despiseth not the heart that is humble and sorry for having offended Him: a contrite and humble heart, O God, Thou wilt not despise. Ps. 1. I do not, O Jesus, deserve Thy pardon for the offences which I have committed against Thee, but Thou knowest that nothing afflicts me so much as the remembrance of my having offended Thee.

But how can I be afraid that Thou, my God, wilt cast me off, when thou invitest me to return to Thee, and offerest me Thy pardon? Return to me, and I will receive thee. Jer. iii. 11. How can I doubt, when Thou promisest to embrace us, when we are converted to Thee? Turn ye to me, and I will turn to you. Zach. i. 3. Do not then, O Lord, turn Thy back upon me, for I will renounce all things, and turn myself to Thee, my sovereign good. I have offended Thee too long, and will now at least love Thee.

Our good God moreover adds, that if the sinner repent of the evil which he has done, he is willing to forget all his sins: If the wicked do penance living he shall live, and shall not die. I will not remember all his iniquities that he hath done. Ex. xviii. 21, 22. My dear Redeemer! I will never forget my sins, that I may always bewail the evil which I have done against Thee; but I trust and hope that Thou, as Thou hast promised, wilt soon forget them, and that my past iniquities will not hinder Thee from loving me. Hast Thou not said that Thou lovest those who love Thee? Wis. viii. Hitherto I have not loved Thee, and have deserved Thy hatred; but now I will love Thee, and hope that thou wilt no longer reject me; and as Thou forgettest what is past, forgive me, unite me to Thyself, and never suffer me to be again separated from Thee. Mary, assist me by your holy intercession.

†

June 15th: Trinity Sunday and St. Vitus

The Trinity Trinity Sunday The Solemn Feast of the Most Holy Trinity Prayers and Devotions to the Holy Trinity God the Father Son of God The Holy Ghost St. Vitus, Martyr Fourteen Holy Helpers

Related Links for Fathers:

The Christian Father Prayers for Fathers Instructions for the
Catholic Family Duties of Parents Duties of Parents as Shepherds of their Flock A Novena of Meditations in Honor of St. Joseph The Patronage of St. Joseph The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. Joachim
and St. Anne, 1859 Religious and Moral
Training of Children Instructions for the
Catholic Family Blessings of Many Children

Prayer to St. Joseph as Family Patron

O Most holy Joseph, glorious Patriarch, chosen by God as the head and protector of the Holy Family, deign to take my family, also, under your fatherly protection and care! Be for us a faithful supporter, a foster-father, a counselor, guide, leader, and strong defender against all that seek to injure us. We give into your keeping our soul, our body, our life, and the end thereof. Into your hands we place the joy and pain, happiness and misery of our whole life, as well as the hour of our death. Obtain for us, O St. Joseph, that our family life may be always in accordance with the will of God; that we may faithfully fulfill our duties toward Him, our fellow men, and ourselves; that we may thank Him in prosperity and praise Him in adversity; that we may be zealous in the performance of good, and watchful in the avoidance of evil; that we may live a pious life and die perfectly resigned to the will of God. Amen.

In the second part of the year, the six months from Trinity to Advent, the Holy Ghost whose reign begins at Pentecost, comes to repeat to us what our Lord Himseif has taught us in the first part, the six months from Advent to Trinity Sunday. The fundamental truth on which everything in the Christian religion rests, is the dogma of the Holy Trinity from whom all comes (Epistle), and to whom all baptized in His name must return (Gospel). In the course of the cycle, having called to our minds in order, God the Father, Author of creation, God the Son, Author of redemption and God the Holy Ghost, Author of our sanctification, the Church today, before all else, recapitulates the great mystery by which we acknowledge and adore the Unity of Nature and Trinity of Persons in almighty God (Collect).

"As soon as we have celebrated the coming of the Holy Ghost," says Abbot Rupert, in the twelfth century, "we hail in song the feast of the Holy Trinity, the following Sunday, a place in the calendar well chosen, for immediately after the descent of the Holy Spirit, preaching and conversion began and faith through baptism and confession in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost." The dogma of the Holy Trinity is affirmed, in the liturgy, on every hand. It is in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost that we begin and end the Mass and Divine Office, and that we confer the Sacraments. All the Psalms end with the Gloria, the Hymns with the Doxology, and the Prayers by a conclusion in honour of the three Divine Persons. Twice during the Mass we are reminded that it is to the Holy Trinity that the Mass is being offered.

The dogma of the Trinity is expressed in the very fabric of our churches. Our fathers delighted to find a symbol of it in the admirably proportioned height, breadth and length of these buildings, in their primary and secondary divisions; the sanctuary, the choir and nave; the ground-floor, the triforium and the clerestory; the three entrances, three doors, three bays, three gables, and often three towers. On every hand, even to the smallest detail of decoration, the number three, repeated frequently, denotes a well conceived plan and a profound faith in the Blessed Trinity.

The same thought is expressed in Christian iconography, in various ways. Up to the twelfth century, God the Father is represented by a hand, emerging from the clouds in blessing and often surrounded by a nimbus containing a cross. By this hand is symbolized divine Omnipotence. In thirteenth and fourteenth century work one sees the face and then the figure of the Father. From the fifteenth century the Father is represented as an old man in the garb of a pontiff. Up to the twelfth century, God the Son was at first represented by a cross, by a lamb or again by a gracious youth, in the same way that Apollo was represented in the pagan world. From the eleventh to the sixteenth century Christ appears bearded and in the prime of life. From the thirteenth century He is seen carrying the cross and often He is depicted as the Lamb.

The Holy Ghost was, at first, represented under the form of a dove, whose outspread wings often touch the mouths of both Father and Son to show that He proceeds from both. For the same reason, from the eleventh century He is depicted as a little child. In the thirteenth century He is a youth, in the fifteenth He is a man of ripe age, like the Father and the Son but with a dove above His head or in His hand to distinguish Him from the other two Persons. Since the sixteenth century the dove and the fiery tongues are the only representations of the Holy Ghost. Quite recently it was expressly forbidden to represent Him under a human form. Since 1628 was also forbidden the monstrous picture of three faces on one body.

As a symbol of the Trinity the triangle has been borrowed from geometry, depicting by its form the divine Unity in which are inscribcd three angles, expressing the three Persons in God. Trefoil plants, as shamrock and clover serve to represent this great mystery, as also do three circles interwoven, with the word Unity inscribed in the central space belonging to all three.

A miniature of the XVIth cent. represents the Father and Son as like each other, with the same nimbus, the same triple crown, the hair worn in the same way and a single cloak drawing them close together. Further, they are united by the same book of divine Wisdom as well as by the Holy Ghost who joins one to the other by the ends of His wings. But the Father is older than the Son, and the beard of the one is pointed while that of the other is round. The Father wears a robe without a girdle and carries the globe of the earth in his hand, while the Son as a Priest, wears an alb with cincture and stole.

The feast of the Holy Trinity owes its origin to the fact that the ordinations of the Ember Saturday, which took place in the evening, were prolonged to the next day, which was Sunday and which had no proper liturgy. As this day is consecrated throughout the year to the Most Holy Trinity, the votive Mass composed in the seventh century to celebrate this mystery was said on the First Sunday after Pentecost; and since it occupied a fixed place in the liturgical calendar, this Mass was considered as establishing this Sunday as a special feast of the Blessed Trinity. Stephen, Bishop of Li�ge, who was born about 850, composed in the tenth century its office which was revised later on by the Franciscans.

The feast was in 1334 extended to the universal Church by Pope John XXII and made a Double of the first class by Pius X.

That we may ever be armed against all adversity, let us today, with the liturgy, make our solemn profession of faith in the Holy and Eternal Trinity and His indivisible Unity.

†

June 14th: St. Basil the Great, Bishop, Confessor and Doctor of the Church

St. Basil the Great, Bishop, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church and Octave of the Sacred Heart Daily Prayer for the Seven
Gifts of the Holy Spirit The Seven Gifts of the Holy Ghost Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Graciously hear the prayers, we beseech thee, O Lord, which we offer to Thee on the on the solemnity of blessed Basil Thy Confessor and Bishop: and as he deserved to serve thee worthily, so , by the intercession of his merits, do thou absolve us from all our sins. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Basil was born in Asia Minor. Two of his brothers became bishops, and, together with his mother and sister, are honored as Saints. He studied with great success at Athens, where he formed with St. Gregory Nazianzen the most tender friendship. He then taught oratory; but dreading the honors of the world, he gave up all, and became the father of the monastic life in the East. The Arian heretics, supported by the court, were then persecuting the Church; and Basil was summoned from his retirement by his bishop to give aid against them.

His energy and zeal soon mitigated the disorders of the Church, and his solid and eloquent words silenced the heretics. On the death of Eusebius, he was chosen Bishop of C�sarea. His commanding character, his firmness and energy, his learning and eloquence, and not less his humility and the exceeding austerity of his life, made him a model for bishops. When St. Basil was required to admit the Arians to Communion, the prefect, finding that soft words had no effect, said to him, "Are you mad, that you resist the will before which the whole world bows? Do you not dread the wrath of the emperor, nor exile, nor death?" "No," said Basil calmly; "he who has nothing to lose need not dread loss of goods; you cannot exile me, for the whole earth is my home; as for death, it would be the greatest kindness you could bestow upon me; torments cannot harm me: one blow would end my frail life and my sufferings together."

"Never," said the prefect, "has any one dared to address me thus." "Perhaps," suggested Basil, "you never before measured your strength with a Christian bishop." The emperor desisted from his commands. St. Basil's whole life was one of suffering. He lived amid jealousies and misunderstandings and seeming disappointments. But he sowed the seed which bore goodly fruit in the next generation, and was God's instrument in beating back the Arian and other heretics in the East, and restoring the spirit of discipline and fervor in the Church. He died in 379, and is venerated as a Doctor of the Church.

†

June 13th: St. Anthony, Confessor and Doctor of the Church

St. Anthony of Padua,
Confessor and Doctor St. Anthony Additional Prayers St. Anthony of Padua,
The Miracle-worker Daily Prayer for the Seven
Gifts of the Holy Spirit The Seven Gifts of the Holy Ghost Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, O Lord, that the festival of blessed Anthony Thy Confessor and Doctor, may gladden Thy Church: so that her children may ever be defended by spiritual help and may become worthy of everlasting bliss. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Anthony was born at Lisbon, in Portugal, of respectable parents, by whom he was piously brought up, and as a youth he joined an institute of canons regular. But, when the bodies of the five Martyrs of the friars Minor, who had, shortly before this, suffered in Morocco for the faith of Christ, were brought to Coimbra, burning with a desire for martyrdom, he went over to the Franciscan order. Presently, urged by the same desire, he proceeded on his way to the Saracens; but, suffering from ill-health, he was forced to turn back; but when the ship approached the coast of Spain, it was driven by contrary winds to Sicily.

From Sicily he came to Assisi, to the general chapter. From there he went to the hermitage of Monte Paolo in Emilia, where he gave himself up for a long while to divine contemplation, fastings, and vigils. Then, when he had received sacred orders and had been sent to preach the Gospel, the wisdom and eloquence of his discourse was so noted, and excited such a great admiration of him, that once the Sovereign Pontiff, on hearing him preach, called him the Ark of the Testament. But chiefly against heresies did he put forth the whole force of his vigor, from which he gained the name of everlasting Hammer of heretics.

He was the first of his order, on account of his preeminent learning, to teach sacred letters at Bologna and in other places, and he supervised the studies of his brethren. Then, having traveled through many provinces, he came, one year before his death, to Padua, where he left remarkable proofs of his holiness.

One night, when St. Antony was staying with a friend in the city of Padua, his host saw brilliant rays streaming under the door of the Saint's room, and on looking through the keyhole he beheld a little Child of marvellous beauty standing upon a book which lay open upon the table, and clinging with both arms round Antony's neck. With an ineffable sweetness he watched the tender caresses of the Saint and his wondrous Visitor. At last the Child vanished, and Fra Antonio, opening the door, charged his friend, by the love of Him Whom he had seen, to "tell the vision to no man" as long as he was alive.

Finally, having undergone much toil for the glory of God, famous for merits and for miracles, he fell asleep in the Lord upon the Ides of June (June 13), in the year of salvation 1231. The supreme Pontiff Gregory IX added him to the number of the holy Confessors, and Pius XII, upon consultation with the Congregation of Sacred Rites, declared him a Doctor of the universal Church.

†

June 12th: St. John of Fagondez, Confessor and St. Basilides and Companions, Martyrs

St. John of Facundo The 6th Commandment The Ravages of Adultery Moral Teaching on Unchaste Thoughts and Desires The Sin of Impurity Sixth and Ninth Commandments: Examination of Conscience Catholic Laws on Marriage and Divorce Holy Purity

Daily Prayer for the Seven
Gifts of the Holy Spirit The Seven Gifts of the Holy Ghost Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, the author of peace and lover of charity, Who didst adorn blessed John Thy Confessor with a marvelous grace in reconciling enemies: grant, by his merits and intercession, that, being strengthened in Thy love, we may not be separated from Thee by any temptations. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. John was born at St. Fagondez, in Spain. At an early age he held several benefices in the diocese of Burgos, till the reproaches of his conscience forced him to resign them all except one chapel, where he said Mass daily, preached, and catechised. After this he studied theology at Salamanca, and then labored for some time as a most devoted missionary priest. Ultimately he became a hermit of the Augustinian Order, in the same city. There his life was marked by a singular devotion to the Holy Mass. Each night after Matins he remained in prayer till the hour of celebration, when he offered the Adorable Sacrifice with the most tender piety, often enjoying the sight of Jesus in glory, and holding sweet colloquies with Him.

The power of his personal holiness was seen in his preaching, which produced a complete reformation in Salamanca. He had a special gift of reconciling differences, and was enabled to put an end to the quarrels and feuds among noblemen, at that period very common and fatal. The boldness shown by St. John in reproving vice endangered his life. A powerful noble, having been corrected by the Saint for oppressing his vassals, sent two assassins to slay him. The holiness of the Saint's aspect, however, caused by that peace which continually reigned in his soul, struck such awe into their minds that they could not execute their purpose, but humbly besought his forgiveness. And the nobleman himself, falling sick, was brought to repentance, and recovered his health by the prayers of the Saint whom he had endeavored to murder.

He was also most zealous in denouncing those hideous vices which are a fruitful source of strife, and it was in defence of holy purity that he met his death. A lady of noble birth but evil life, whose companion in sin St. John had converted, contrived to administer a fatal poison to the Saint. After several months of terrible suffering, borne with unvarying patience, St. John went to his reward on June 11, 1479.

Reflection--All men desire peace, but those alone enjoy it who, like St. John, are completely dead to themselves, and love to bear all things for Christ.

†

June 11th: St. Barnabas, Apostle, Ember Wednesday

St. Barnabas, Apostle Wednesday in Whitsun Week Daily Prayer for the Seven
Gifts of the Holy Spirit The Seven Gifts of the Holy Ghost Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who dost gladden us by the worthy deeds and availing prayers of thy blessed Apostle Barnabas, mercifully grant unto us who seek through him Thy manifold gifts, by the tenderness of Thy mercy effectually to obtain the same. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

We read that in the first days of the Church, the multitude of believers had but one heart and one soul; and none said that anything which he possessed was his own. (Acts 4:32) Amid this fervent company of Christians who practiced evangelical poverty, one only is singled out by name, Joseph, a rich Levite from Cyprus. He, having land, sold it, and bringing the price, laid it at the feet of the Apostles. They then gave him a new name, Barnabas, son of consolation. He was a good man, full of the Holy Spirit and of faith, and was soon chosen for an important mission, the rapidly growing Church of Antioch. Here he perceived the great work which was waiting to be done among the Greeks, and therefore he hastened to seek out and bring Saint Paul to Antioch, from his retirement at Tarsus.

When the prophet Agabus at Antioch foretold a great universal famine, Barnabas and Paul were selected by the faithful, to take to the Church of Jerusalem their generous offerings for the poor of that city. It was also at Antioch that the two Saints were named for the apostolate of the Gentiles; and they sailed together for Cyprus and then to the cities of Asia Minor. Their preaching struck men with amazement, and some cried out, "The gods have come down to us in the likeness of men!" calling Paul Mercury, and Barnabas Jupiter. The Saints traveled together once again, to the Council of Jerusalem, and told of the "signs and wonders which God had wrought among the Gentiles" during their missionary journey. Shortly after this they separated; Barnabas with John Mark went to Cyprus, while Paul with Silas returned to Asia Minor.

The tradition of Milan, Italy, reveals that Saint Barnabas went from Cyprus to Italy, and in Milan founded its church; he is still honored there as its first bishop. After seven years he consecrated Saint Anathalon to replace him, and returned to Cyprus to visit the churches. He crisscrossed the island several times to bring to every city and village the Holy Name of the Son of God. In Salamis, some of the recalcitrants plotted together to kill him. He was aware of the conspiracy; nonetheless, after foretelling to John Mark that he would die that same day, he went to the synagogue to preach as usual. It was there that he was stoned as a blasphemer, in the year 61 of our era. Saint John Mark succeeded in burying him near Salamis.

The Apostles Creed

I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord; Who was conceived of the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried. He descended into hell; the third day He arose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven and sitteth at the right hand of God, the Father Almighty: from thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of Saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and life everlasting. Amen.

†

June 10th: St. Margaret, Queen and Widow and Second Sunday After Pentecost

St. Margaret Queen, Widow Tuesday in Whitsun Week Daily Prayer for the Seven
Gifts of the Holy Spirit The Seven Gifts of the Holy Ghost Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

The Communion-Banquet is offered not only to Saints but to the poor, the weak, the blind and lame in their religious life provided they sincerely desire to be cured. However, if they are dead through mortal sin, they must first rise again to life through a contrite confession in the Tribunal of Penance.

O God, Who hast made blessed Queen Margarret to be admired by reason of her great charity to the poor: grant that, through her intercession and example, Thy love may be continually renewed in our hearts. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Margaret's signifies "pearl;" "a fitting name," says Theodoric, her confessor and her first biographer, "for one such as she." Her soul was like a precious pearl. A life spent amidst the luxury of a royal court never dimmed its lustre, or stole it away from Him who had bought it with His blood. She was the grand, daughter of an English king; and in 1070 she became the bride of Malcolm, and reigned Queen of Scotland till her death in 1093. How did she become a Saint in a position where sanctity is so difficult? First, she burned with zeal for the house of God.

She built churches and monasteries; she busied herself in making vestments; she could not rest till she saw the laws of God and His Church observed throughout her realm. Next, amidst a thousand cares, she found time to converse with God--ordering her piety with such sweetness and discretion that she won her husband to sanctity like her own. He used to rise with her at night for prayer; he loved to kiss the holy books she used, and sometimes he would steal them away, and bring them back to his wife covered with jewels. Lastly, with virtues so great, she wept constantly over her sins, and begged her confessor to correct her faults. St. Margaret did not neglect her duties in the world because she was not of it. Never was a better mother.

She spared no pains in the education of her eight children, and their sanctity was the fruit of her prudence and her zeal. Never was a better queen. She was the most trusted counsellor of her husband, and she labored for the material improvement of the country. But, in the midst of the world's pleasures, she sighed for the better country, and accepted death as a release. On her death-bed she received the news that her husband and her eldest son were slain in battle. She thanked God, Who had sent this last affliction as a penance for her sins. After receiving Holy Viaticum, she was repeating the prayer from the Missal, "O Lord Jesus Christ, Who by Thy death didst give life to the world, deliver me." At the words "deliver me," says her biographer, she took her departure to Christ, the Author of true liberty.

Reflection--All perfection consists in keeping a guard upon the heart. Wherever we are, we can make a solitude in our hearts, detach ourselves from the world, and converse familiarly with God. Let us take St. Margaret for our example and encouragement.

†

June 9th: Sts. Primus and Felicianus, Martyrs, the Sunday within the Octave of the Sacred Heart

Ss. Primus and Felician, Martyrs Monday in Whitsun Week Daily Prayer for the Seven
Gifts of the Holy Spirit The Seven Gifts of the Holy Ghost Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, we beseech Thee, O Lord, that we may ever honor the festival of Thy holy Martyrs Primus and Felicianus: and by their prayersmay obtain the gift of Thy protection. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

These two martyrs were brothers, and lived in Rome, toward the latter part of the third century, for many years, mutually encouraging each other in the practice of all good works. They seemed to possess nothing but for the poor, and often spent both nights and days with the confessors in their dungeons, or at the places of their torments and execution. Some they encouraged to perseverance, others, who had fallen, they raised again, and they made themselves the servants of all in Christ, that all might attain to salvation through Him.

Though their zeal was most remarkable, they had escaped the dangers of many bloody persecutions, and were grown old in the heroic exercises of virtue, when it pleased God to crown their labors with a glorious martyrdom. The pagans raised so great an outcry against them that they were both apprehended and put in chains. They were inhumanly scourged, and then sent to a town twelve miles from Rome to be farther chastised, as avowed enemies to the gods. There they were cruelly tortured, first both together, afterward separately. But the grace of God strengthened them, and they were at length both beheaded on the 9th of June.

Reflection.-- soul which truly loves God regards all the things of this world as nothing. The loss of goods, the disgrace of the world, torments, sickness, and other afflictions are bitter to the senses, but appear light to him that loves. If we cannot bear our trials with patience and silence, it is because we love God only in words. "One who is slothful and lukewarm complains of everything, and calls the lightest precepts hard," says Thomas Kempis

†

June 8th: The Feast of Pentecost

Whit Sunday/ Pentecost Pentecost Sunday Sermons Children's Sermon for Pentecost Sunday Novena to the Holy Spirit Prayers and Devotions
to the Holy Ghost Prayer for the Seven
Gifts of the Holy Spirit The Seven Gifts of the Holy Ghost The Holy Ghost and the Mission of the Church The Sins Against the Holy Ghost Examination of Conscience: The Six Sins Against the Holy Ghost           Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 The Sacrament of Confirmation           Newly Added
Catholic Worship, Explained

O God, Who on this day didst instruct the hearts of the faithful by the light of the Holy Ghost: grant that by the same spirit we may relish what is right, and ever rejoice in His consolation. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

I t would be well, beloved brethren, to consider briefly the words of the lesson from the Gospel, that afterwards we may have more time to spend on the consideration of this great festival. Today the Holy Spirit, suddenly with a sound, came down upon the disciples and changed their carnal minds, filling them with love for himself; and while outwardly fiery tongues appeared, inwardly their hearts were kindled into flame; for while they "received the presence of God in the form of fire, the flames of his love engulfed them. The Holy Ghost himself is love, and so John says: God is charity. He, then, that desires God with all his mind, in truth possesses him already whom he loves. Neither can anyone love God, if he does not possess him whom he loves.

B ut behold, if anyone of you were asked whether he loved God, he would reply with confidence and conviction of mind: I do. But in the very beginning of this lesson you have heard what the Truth himself says: If anyone love me, he will keep my word.

T he test of love, then, is whether it is shown in works. And so in his epistle St. John says again: He who says, I love God, and does not keep the commandments, is a liar. For then do we truly love God and keep his commandments, if we deny ourselves the gratification of our appetites. He who still abandons himself to unlawful desires, certainly does not love God, since of his own will he opposes him.

A nd my Father will love him, and We will come to him and will make our bode with him. Consider, beloved brethren, what a great honor it is to have God coming into our hearts as a guest. Indeed if some rich or powerful friend were entering our house we should make all haste to have the house cleaned throughout, lest he should see something that would displease him. Let the one, then, who is preparing the house of his mind to receive God, cleanse it from all the filth of evil works. But mark what the Truth himself says: We will come and will make our abode with him. For there are some, whose hearts He enters, but does not abide there.

T his is because, although they have been brought to acknowledge God on acknowledge God on account of something that has pricked them with remorse, yet in time of temptation they forget that very thing, for which their conscience pricked them, and so they return to renew those offenses as though they they had never repented.

       †

June 7th: Vigil of Pentecost

          Newly Added
Catholic Worship, Explained Vigil of Pentecost First Saturday Devotions Novena to the Holy Spirit           Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 The Sacrament of Confirmation The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Eastertide Prayers

G rant, we beseech Thee, O almighty God, that the brighteness of Thy glory may shine forth upon us; and the light of Thy light by the illumination of the Holy Ghost, may confirm the hearts of those who have been born again by Thy grace. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Epistle: Acts of the Aposltes xix. 1-8

And it came to pass, while Apollo was at Corinth, that Paul having passed through the upper coasts, came to Ephesus, and found certain disciples. And he said to them: Have you received the Holy Ghost since ye believed? But they said to him: We have not so much as heard whether there be a Holy Ghost. And he said: In what then were you baptized? Who said: In John's baptism. Then Paul said: John baptized the people with the baptism of penance, saying: That they should believe in him who was to come after him, that is to say, in Jesus. Having heard these things, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And when Paul had imposed his hands on them, the Holy Ghost came upon them, and they spoke with tongues and prophesied. And all the men were about twelve. And entering into the synagogue, he spoke boldly for the space of three months, disputing and exhorting concerning the kingdom of God.

Gospel: John xiv. 15-21

At that time Jesus said to His disciples: If you love me, keep my commandments. And I will ask the Father, and he shall give you another Paraclete, that he may abide with you for ever. The spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, nor knoweth him: but you shall know him; because he shall abide with you, and shall be in you. I will not leave you orphans, I will come to you. Yet a little while: and the world seeth me no more. But you see me: because I live, and you shall live. In that day you shall know, that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you.

       †

June 6th: St. Norbert, Bishop

First Friday Devotions Novena to the Holy Spirit St. Norbert, Bishop and Confessor Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 The Sacrament of Confirmation The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Eastertide Prayers

O God, Who didst make blesed Norbert Thy Confessor and Bishop an illustrious preacher of Thy word, and through him didst beget a new family in Thy Church: grant, we beseech Thee, that his merits may so plead for us, that by Thy help we may be able to practice what he taught both by word and example. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Of noble rank and rare talents, Norbert passed a most pious youth, and entered the ecclesiastical state. By a strange contradiction, his conduct now became a scandal to his sacred calling, and at the court of the Emperor Henry IV. he led, like many clerics of that age, a life of dissipation and luxury. One day, when he was thirty years of age, he was thrown half dead from his horse, and on recovering his senses, resolved upon a new life. After a severe and searching preparation, he was ordained priest, and began to expose the abuses of his Order. Silenced at first by a local council, he obtained the Pope's sanction and preached penance to listening crowds in France and the Netherlands.

In the wild vale of Pr�montr� he gave to some trained disciples the rule of St. Austin, and a white habit to denote the angelic purity proper to the priesthood. The Canons Regular, or Premonstratensians, as they were called, were to unite the active work of the country clergy with the obligations of the monastic life. Their fervor renewed the spirit of the priesthood, quickened the faith of the people, and drove out heresy. A vile heretic, named Tankelin, appeared at Antwerp, in the time of St. Norbert, and denied the reality of the priesthood, and especially blasphemed the Blessed Eucharist. The Saint was sent for to drive out the pest.

By his burning words he exposed the impostor and rekindled the faith in the Blessed Sacrament. Many of the apostates had proved their contempt for the Blessed Sacrament by burying it in filthy places. Norbert bade them search for the Sacred Hosts. They found them entire and uninjured, and the Saint bore them back in triumph to the tabernacle. Hence he is generally painted with the monstrance in his hand. In 1126 Norbert found himself appointed Bishop of Magdeburg; and there, at the risk of his life, he zealously carried on his work of reform, and died, worn out with toil, at the age of fifty-three.

†

June 5th: St. Boniface,
Bishop and Martyr

St. Boniface, Bishop and Martyr Novena to the Holy Spirit Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 The Sacrament of Confirmation The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Eastertide Prayers

O God, Who by the zeal of blessed Boniface Thy Martyr and Bishop didst deign to call a multitude of peoples to the knowledge of Thy name: grant, we beseech thee, that we may enjoy his protection whose festival we are keeping. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Boniface was born at Crediton in Devonshire, England, in the year 680. Some missionaries staying at his father's house spoke to him of heavenly things, and inspired him with a wish to devote himself, as they did, to God. He entered the monastery of Exminster, and was there trained for his apostolic work. His first attempt to convert the pagans in Holland having failed, he went to Rome to obtain the Pope's blessing on his mission, and returned with authority to preach to the German tribes.

It was a slow and dangerous task; his own life was in constant peril, while his flock was often reduced to abject poverty by the wandering robber bands. Yet his courage never flagged. He began with Bavaria and Thuringia, next visited Friesland, then passed on to Hesse and Saxony, everywhere destroying the idol temples and raising churches on their site. He endeavored, as far as possible, to make every object of idolatry contribute in some way to the glory of God; on one occasion, having cut down on immense oak which was consecrated to Jupiter, he used the tree in building a church, which he dedicated to the Prince of the Apostles. He was now recalled to Rome, consecrated Bishop by the Pope, and returned to extend and organize the rising German Church.

With diligent care he reformed abuses among the existing clergy, and established religious houses throughout the land. At length, feeling his infirmities increase, and fearful of losing his martyr's crown, Boniface appointed a successor to his monastery, and set out to convert a fresh pagan tribe. While St. Boniface was waiting to administer Confirmation to some newly-baptized Christians, a troop of pagans arrived, armed with swords and spears. His attendants would have opposed them, but the Saint said to his followers: "My children, cease your resistance; the long-expected day is come at last. Scripture forbids us to resist evil. Let us put our hope in God: He will save our souls." Scarcely had he ceased speaking, when the barbarians fell upon him and slew him with all his attendants, to the number of fifty-two.

Reflection--St. Boniface teaches us how the love of Christ changes all things. It was for Christ's sake that he toiled for souls, preferring poverty to riches, labor to rest, suffering to pleasure, death to life, that by dying he might live with Christ.

†

June 4th: St. Francis Caracciolo, Confessor

Novena to the Holy Spirit St. Francis Caracciolo, Confessor Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 The Sacrament of Confirmation The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Eastertide Prayers

O God, Who didst call blessed Francis to be the founder of a new Order, and didst adorn him with zeal in prayer and the love of penance: grant that we Thy servants may so walk in imitation of him, that, praying always, and bringing our bodies into subjection, we may be found worthy to attain to the glory of heaven. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Francis was born in the kingdom of Naples, of the princely family of Caracciolo. In childhood he shunned all amusements, recited the Rosary regularly, and loved to visit the Blessed Sacrament and to distribute his food to the poor. An attack of leprosy taught him the vileness of the human body and the vanity of the world. Almost miraculously cured, he renounced his home to study for the priesthood at Naples, where he spent his leisure hours in the prisons or visiting the Blessed Sacrament in unfrequented churches. God called him, when only twenty-five, to found an Order of Clerks Regular, whose rule was that each day one father fasted on bread and water, another took the discipline, a third wore a hair-shirt, while they always watched by turns in perpetual adoration before the Blessed Sacrament.

They took the usual vows, adding a fourth--not to desire dignities. To establish his Order, Francis undertook many journeys through Italy and Spain, on foot and without money, content with the shelter and crusts given him in charity. Being elected general, he redoubled his austerities, and devoted seven hours daily to meditation on the Passion, besides passing most of the night praying before the Blessed Sacrament. Francis was commonly called the Preacher of Divine Love. But it was before the Blessed Sacrament that his ardent devotion was most clearly perceptible.

In presence of his divine Lord his face usually emitted brilliant rays of light; and he often bathed the ground with his tears when he prayed, according to his custom, prostrate on his face before the tabernacle, and constantly repeating, as one devoured by internal fire, "The zeal of Thy house hath eaten me up." He died of fever, aged forty-four, on the eve of Corpus Christi, 1608, saying, "Let us go, let us go to heaven!" When his body was opened after death, his heart was found as it were burnt up, and these words imprinted around it: "Zelus domus Tuae comedit me"--"The zeal of Thy house hath eaten me up."

†

June 3rd: within the Octave the Ascension

Novena to the Holy Spirit Beware if you have no Temptations Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 The Sacrament of Confirmation The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Eastertide Prayers

On the irretrievable
loss of the Soul
by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

There is no error so fatal in its consequences as the loss of eternal salvation. Other errors may be repaired: if a person lose a situation, he may perhaps in time regain it, if he lose his goods, he may replace them; but if he lose his soul he has no remedy nor hope of redemption. He can die but once; and if that once his soul be lost, it must be lost for ever, and no power can save it for all eternity. Behold, O God, a wretched sinner prostrate at thy feet, one who for so many years past has deserved to dwell in hell without further hope of salvation, but who now loves Thee, and is sorry above every other evil for having offended Thee, and hopes for mercy.

Does then nothing remain for the many wretched souls in hell but to lament bitterly, and say: therefore we have erred, and there is no remedy for our error, nor will there be so long as God shall be God? Ah! my dear Redeemer, were I in hell, I could never more repent, nor love Thee. I thank Thee for having borne with me with such great patience, even though I have deserved hell; and now that I am still able to repent and to love Thee, I do sincerely repent for having offended Thy infinite goodness, and love Thee above all things, more than I love myself. Never permit me, O Jesus, to cease to love Thee.

Oh what a torment must it be to the souls in hell to think that they knew their error before they were lost, and that they are lost entirely through their own fault! If a person lose a gold ring through carelessness, or a valuable coin, he has no peace for thinking that he has lost it through his own fault. O God! how great is the internal torment of the wicked when they exclaim: "I have lost my soul, I have lost heaven, I have lost my God; I have lost my all; and this, through my own fault!" O my dear Saviour, I desire never to lose thee: if I have hitherto lost thee, I have done ill; I am sorry for it with my whole soul, and love thee above all things. O Jesus, Thou hast saved me from hell that I may love Thee. I will therefore truly love Thee. Enable me to compensate by my love for the offences which I have committed against Thee. Holy Virgin Mary, you are my hope.

†

June 2nd: Sts. Marcellinus, Peter and Erasmus, Bishop, Martyrs

Novena to the Holy Spirit Sts. Peter and Marcellinus St. Erasmus, BM
One of the 14 Holy Helpers Novena to the 14 Holy Helpers Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 The Sacrament of Confirmation The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Eastertide Prayers

O God, Who dost give us joy by the annual solemnity of Thy blessed martyrs, Marcellinus, Peter and Erasmus: grant, we beseech Thee, that we may be inspired by the examples of those in whose merits we rejoice. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

The exorcist Peter, sent to prison, under the Emperor Diocletian, converted his jailer and all his family, and brought them to the priest Marcellinus who baptized them. The judge Serenus ordered them both to appear before him and they bore witness to Jesus Christ. They were condemned to death and after atrocious torments, were beheaded towards 303.

Possessing the first fruits of the Holy Ghost, they awaited with sighs the adoption of the children of God and their sufferings were in nowise compared with the glory which now shines forth in them. Both saints are mentioned in the Canon of the Mass. The Station of the Saturday on the Second Week of Lent is held in the Church dedicated to them.

St. Erasmus, bishop in Syria, afterwards hermit in Lebanon, was cruelly tortured several times in Antioch and in Illyria under the Emperors Diocletian and Maximian. His legend tells that his entrails were wound round a windleass: he is therefore invoked for internal diseases, as one of the "fourteen auxilliary Saints". He died in peace at Formise in Campania.

Let us follow the examples of courage and fortitude of these holy martyrs whose merits are our joy.

†

June 1st: St. Angela Merici, Virgin and Sunday within the Octave of the Ascension

Novena to the Holy Spirit 6th Sunday After Easter
Children's Sermon for 6th Sunday After Easter Spiritual Communion The End of Man Are we bound to profess our Catholic Faith openly? St. Angela Merici, Virgin Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 Newly Added
Mary, Our Advocate with Our Judge, by Fr. Francis Doyle 1879 The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Eastertide Prayers

O God, who didst bring to pass that through blessed Angela a new company of holy virgins should grow up within Thy Church: grant, through her intercession, that we may live as angels in the purity of our lives; and, renouncing all earthly joys, may be found worthy to enjoy those that are everlasting. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

On the Unhappy Life
of the Sinner
by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

There is no peace for the wicked. Is. xlviii. 22. The devil deceives poor sinners, by making them believe, that if they gratify their sensual desires, revenge themselves, or take what belongs to another, they will gain satisfaction and obtain peace: but no, for the reverse will always be their portion; the soul after sin becomes more than ever disquieted and afflicted. The brutes alone, who are created for the earth, can gain contentment from the enjoyments of the earth; but man, who is "created to enjoy God, cannot derive satisfaction from any or all of God's creatures; his only source of happiness is God. O my God, what, of all the delights by which I have offended thee, now remains but bitterness and sorrow to torment me? I do not regret the bitterness which they now cause me; but only the displeasure which they have given Thee, who hast so much loved me.

The wicked are like the raging sea, which cannot rest. Isa. lvii. 20. What is a soul in disgrace with God, but a tempestuous sea, always in agitation? one wave rises and another succeeds, and all are waves of pain and anguish. No one in the world can have all things according to his will. He who loves God, when adversity comes, resigns himself to God's blessed will, and thus secures peace to his soul; but how can the sinner, if he is an enemy of God, pacify himself by resignation to God's holy appointments? Besides, sin always brings with it the dread of divine vengeance. The wicked man fleeth, when no man pursueth. Prov. xxviii. 1. Yes, for his own sin followeth after him, and by the remorse with which it preys upon his soul, makes him suffer an anticipated hell. O my Lord and my God, I am exceedingly sorry for having forsaken Thee; do Thou forgive me and suffer me not to lose Thee any more.

Delight in the Lord, and He will give thee the requests of thy heart. Ps. xxxvi. 4. Man, whither goest thou in search of content? seek after God, and He will satisfy all the desires of thy soul. Seek, says St. Augustin, the one only good, in whom are all other goods. Behold a St. Francis, who when stript of all worldly goods, being still united to God, found in this a heaven even here upon earth, and could not often enough exclaim: My God, my God and my all! Happy the soul that leaves all for God; for in him she finds her all. O Jesus, instead of abandoning me, as I have deserved, Thou offerest me pardon and callest me to Thy love. Behold I return to Thee overwhelmed with sorrow for the evil which I have done, and deeply affected at seeing that even still Thou lovest me after the many offences I have committed against Thee. Thou lovest me, and I also love Thee and love Thee more than myself. Receive me into Thy favour, and do with me what Thou pleasest: only do not deprive me of Thy love. Mary, mother, have pity on me.

†

May 31st: the Queenship of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Petronilla,Virgin

Novena to the Holy Spirit                Newly Added
Mary, Our Advocate with Our Judge, by Fr. Francis Doyle 1879 The Queenship of the
Blessed Virgin Mary Mary Queen of All Saints Devotions in honor of the Queenship of Mary Our Lady Queen of Angels Joyful Mysteries Sorrowful Mysteries Glorious Mysteries 30 Days Prayer to the
Blessed Virgin Mary The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent The Humility of the Blessed Virgin of Mary True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary by St. Louis Marie de Monfort The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary as Set Forth in Her Titles from the Litany of Loreto The Book of the Holy Rosary, as explained by the Church Fathers and prefigured in the Old Testament The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. Joachim
and St. Anne, 1859 The Excellence of the Rosary, Rev. M. J. Frings, 1912 Our Lady of Good Counsel: Prayers, Litany and Book, "The Virgin Mother of Good Counsel" The Christian Mother The Confraternity of Our Blessed Lady of Mount Carmel called the Scapular, 1850

          Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 Eastertide Prayers

O God, who didst bring to pass that through blessed Angela a new company of holy virgins should grow up within Thy Church: grant, through her intercession, that we may live as angels in the purity of our lives; and, renouncing all earthly joys, may be found worthy to enjoy those that are everlasting. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

If we follow the writings of St. John of Damascus, St. Athanasius, and others, do these not oblige us to call Mary by the name of Queen, since her father David doth receive the highest praise in Scripture as a renowned king, and her Son as the King of kings and Lord of lords, reigning forever? She is Queen, moreover, when compared with the Saints who reign like kings in the heavenly kingdom, co-heirs with Christ, the great King, placed on the same throne with Him, as saith the Scripture. And as Queen she is second to none of the elect, but in dignity is raised so high above both Angels and men that nothing can be higher or holier than she, who alone hath the same Son as God the Father, and who seeth above her only God and Christ, and below her all creatures other than herself.

The great Athanasius said clearly: Mary is not only the Mother of God, but also can truly be called Queen and Lady, since in the fact the Christ who was born of the Virgin Mother is God and Lord and also King. It is to this Queen, therefore, that the words of the Psalmist are applied : Upon thy right hand did stand the Queen in a vesture of gold. Thus Mary is rightly called Queen, not only of heaven, but also of the heavens, as the Mother of the King of Angels, and as the Bride and beloved of the King of the heavens. O Mary, most august Queen and most faithful Mother, to whom no one doth pray in vain who prayeth devoutly, and to whom all mortal men are bound by the enduring memory of so many benefits, again and again reverently do I beseech thee to accept and be pleased with every evidence of my devotion towards thee, to value the poor gift I offer according to the zeal with which it is offered, and to recommend it to thine all-powerful Son.

       †

May 30th: St. Felix, Pope and Martyr

Novena to the Holy Spirit Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O Eternal Shepherd, watch over the peace of Thy flock, and through blessed Felix Thy Martyr and Sovereign Pontiff, whom thou didst appoint shepherd over the whole Church, keep her under Thy constant protection. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Felix was a Roman by birth, and succeeded St. Dionysius in the government of the Church in 269. Paul of Samosata, the proud Bishop of Antioch, to the guilt of many enormous crimes added that of heresy, teaching that Christ was no more than a mere man, in whom the Divine Word dwelt by its operation and as in its temple, with many other gross errors concerning the capital mysteries of the Trinity and Incarnation. Three councils were held at Antioch to examine his cause, and in the third, assembled in 269, being clearly convicted of heresy, pride, and many scandalous crimes, he was excommunicated and deposed, and Domnus was substituted in his place.

As Paul still kept possession of the episcopal house, our Saint had recourse to the Emperor Aurelian, who, though a pagan, gave an order that the house should belong to him to whom the bishops of Rome and Italy adjudged it. The persecution of Aurelian breaking out, St. Felix, fearless of danger, strengthened the weak, encouraged all, baptized the catechumens, and continued to exert himself in converting infidels to the Faith. He himself obtained the glory of martyrdom. He governed the Church five years, and passed to a glorious eternity in 274.

Reflection--The example of Our Saviour and of all His saints ought to encourage us under all trials to suffer with patience and even with joy. We shall soon begin to feel that it is sweet to tread in the steps of a God-man, and shall find that if we courageously take up our crosses, He will make them light by sharing the burden with us.

†

May 29th: The Ascension of Our Lord

The Ascension of Our Lord Sermons: The Ascension The Ascension: from the Liturgical Year, 1870 and the Litany of Jesus Glorified Glorious Mysteries Jesus of Nazareth, the Story of His Life: A Catholic Children's Book, 1906

The video may a few minutes to load

Resurrection and Ascension Video

In the forty days which followed His resurrection, our Redeemer laid the foundations of His Church to which He was going to send the Holy Ghost. All the Master's teachings are summed up in the Epistle and Gospel for today. Then He left this earth and the Introit, Collect, Epistle, Alleluia, Gospel, Offertory, Secret, Preface and Communion celebrate His glorious ascension into heaven, where the souls He had freed from Limbo escort Him (Alleluia), and enter in His train into the heavenly kingdom, where they share more fully in His Divinity.

The ascension sets before us the duty of raising our hearts to God. So, in the Collect, we are led to ask that we may dwell with Christ in spirit in the heavenly realms, where we are called one day to dwell in our risen bodies.

During the octave the Credo is said: "I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God... Who ascended into heaven... He sitteth at the right hand of the Father" The Gloria speaks in the same sense: "O Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son... Who sittest at the right hand of the Father, have mercy upon us." In the Proper Preface which is said until Pentecost, we give thanks to God because His Son, the risen Christ, "after His resurrection appeared and showed Himself to all His disciples; and while they beheld Him, was lifted up into heaven". In the same way, during the whole octave, a Proper Communicantes of the feast is said, in which the Church reminds us that she is keeping the day on which the only-begotten Son of God set at the right hand of His glory the substance of our frail human nature, to which He had united Himself in the mystery of the Incarnation.

We are reminded daily in the liturgy at the Offertory Suscipe Sancta Trinitas, and in the Canon Unde et memores, that at our Lord's command the Holy Sacrifice is being otfered in memory of the "blessed passion of the same Christ Thy Son our Lord," and also His resurrection from hell and His glorious ascension into heaven.

The truth is that man is saved only by the mysteries of the passion and resurrection united with that of the ascension. "Through Thy death and burial, through Thy holy resurrection, through Thy admirable ascension, deliver us, O Lord (Litany of the Saints).

Let us offer the divine Sacrifice to God in memory of the glorious ascension of His Son(Suscipe, Unde et memores); while we nourish within our souls an ardent desire for heaven, that "delivered from present dangers," we may "attain to eternal life" (Secret).

May 29th: St. Mary Magdalen de Pazzi, Virgin

St. Mary Magdalen de Pazzi, Virgin

O God, the lover of virginity, Who didst inflame the blessed virgin Mary Magdalen with Thy love, and didst adorn her with heavenly gifts: grant that, as we honor her by keeping her festival, so we may follow the example of her purity and love. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Mary Magdalen of Pazzi, of an illustrious house in Florence, was born in the year 1566, and baptized by the name of Catherine. She received her first Communion at ten years of age, and made a vow of virginity at twelve. She took great pleasure in carefully teaching the Christian doctrine to the ignorant. Her father, not knowing her vow, wished to give her in marriage, but she persuaded him to allow her to become a religious. It was more difficult to obtain her mother's consent; but at last she gained it, and she was professed, being then eighteen years of age, in the Carmelite monastery of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Florence, May 17, 1584.

She changed her name Catherine into that of Mary Magdalen on becoming a nun, and took as her motto, "To suffer or die; " and her life henceforth was a life of penance for sins not her own, and of love of Our Lord, Who tried her in ways fearful and strange. She was obedient, observant of the rule, humble and mortified, and had a great reverence for the religious life. She loved poverty and suffering, and hungered after Communion. The day of Communion she called the day of love. The charity that burned in her heart led her in her youth to choose the house of the Carmelites, because the religious therein communicated every day. She rejoiced to see others communicate, even when she was not allowed to do so herself; and her love for her sisters grew when she saw them receive Our Lord.

God raised her to high states of prayer, and gave her rare gifts, enabling her to read the thoughts of her novices, and filling her with wisdom to direct them aright. She was twice chosen mistress of novices, and then made superioress, when God took her to Himself, May 25, 1607. Her body is incorrupt.

Reflection-�St. Mary Magdalen of Pazzi was so filled with the love of God that her sisters in the monastery observed it in her love of themselves, and called her "the Mother of Charity" and "the Charity of the Monastery."

†

May 28th: St. Augustine, Bishop Confessor and Vigil of the Ascension

Eve of the Ascension St. Augustine of Kent, Bishop and Confessor           Newly Added
St. Bede and the Litany of Intercession for England           Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who didst deign to make the light of the true faith shine upon the English people through the preaching and marvelous works of blessed Augustine Thy Confessor and Bishop: grant that, through his intercession, the hearts of those who have gone astray may return to the unity of Thy truth, and that we may all be of one mind in doing Thy will. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Augustine was prior of the monastery of Saint Andrew on Mount Coelius in Rome, when he was appointed by Saint Gregory the Great as Superior of the forty missionaries he was sending to England. The Christian faith of England, more than that of any other nation of Europe, was the fruit of the labors and spiritual conquests of the ministry of monks. Its deepest Christian roots are more ancient than Saint Augustine and his companions, and date from the era of the Apostles. England, in the first century, furnished its contingent of martyrs during the persecution of Diocletian. England sent its bishops to the first Councils held after the religion of Christ became that of the Empire in 313. But in the time of Saint Augustine, the Anglo-Saxon conquest had cut down almost all the branches of the tree.

When Saint Augustine arrived, ruined churches, scarcely a Christian to be found to narrate a tradition, attested to the sacrilegious and incendiary hand of paganism, despite the labors of Saint Palladius and Saint Germain d'Auxerre in the fifth century. The last Christian Britons had taken refuge in the mountains of Wales. And England, the land of the Angles, had become a land of infamous slave-traders for the continent, including Rome; its merchants did not spare their own people when profit was at stake. In this way did Saint Gregory the Great come to purchase the English boys he saw marketed at the Roman Forum, and raise them in his house, which he had transformed into a monastery. Thus the definitive conversion of England began, in his compassionate heart, when in the sixth year of his pontificate he chose the prior of his own monastery for the mission to England.

Saint Augustine and his companions during their journey heard many reports of the barbarism and ferocity of the pagan English. They were alarmed and wished to turn back. But Saint Gregory sent word to them saying, "Go on, in God's name! The greater your hardships, the greater your crown. May the grace of Almighty God protect you, and permit me to see the fruit of your labor in the heavenly country! If I cannot share your toil, I shall yet share the harvest, for God knows that it is not good-will which is wanting." The band of missionaries went on in obedience, after halting briefly to deliver letters of Saint Gregory at the Abbey of Lerins, and to the bishops of Aix, Tours, Marseille, Vienna, Autun, and Arles, as well as to obtain translators for the mission of the monks.

Landing at Ebbsfleet, they sent ahead of them their translator-emissaries, to say to the king of those lands that they had come from Rome, to announce to him not merely good news, but the Good News of all ages, with its promises of heavenly joy and an eternal reign in the company of the living and true God. They met with the Saxon King Ethelbert who had been reigning for thirty-six years, and with his barons under a great oak tree at Minster in the present county of Kent, and announced to him the Gospel of Jesus Christ. He was predisposed to listen to the missionaries; his Christian wife, Bertha, was a great-granddaughter of Saint Clothilda and Clovis. He wished to deliberate for a few days nonetheless, and when they returned in procession, chanting and preceded by the Cross, he promised only to give them liberty to practice their faith unmolested. He gave them a residence in Canterbury and provided for their needs. Their good example brought many to them for instruction and then Baptism, and at Pentecost 597, the Anglo-Saxon king, too, entered into the unity of the Church of Christ. His example was followed by the greater number of his nobles and people.

By degrees the Faith spread far and wide, and Augustine, as papal legate, set out on a visitation of Britain. He failed in his attempt to enlist the Christian Britons of the west in the work of his apostolate, but his success was otherwise triumphant from south to north. He died after eight years of evangelical labors, but his monks continued them and perpetuated them. The Anglo-Saxon Church which Saint Augustine founded is still famous for its learning, zeal, and devotion to the Holy See, while its calendar commemorates no fewer than 300 Saints, half of whom were of royal birth.

       †

May 27th: St. Bede the Venerable, Confessor and Doctor of the Church

          Newly Added
St. Bede and the Litany of Intercession for England           Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who makest Thy Church illustrious by the learning of blessed Bede Thy Confessor and Doctor mercifully grant to us Thy servants, that we may always be enlightened by his wisdom and assisted by his merits. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Venerable Bede, the illustrious ornament of the Anglo-Saxon Church and the first English historian, was consecrated -to God at the age of seven, and intrusted to the care of St. Benedict Biscop at Wearmouth. He became a monk in the sister-house of Jarrow, and there trained no less than six hundred scholars, whom his piety, learning, and sweet disposition had gathered round him. To the toils of teaching and the exact observance of his rule he added long hours of private prayer, and the study of every branch of science and literature then known. He was familiar with Latin, Greek, and Hebrew.

In the treatise which he compiled for his scholars, still extant, he threw together all that the world had then stored in history, chronology, physics, music, philosophy, poetry, arithmetic, and medicine. In his Ecclesiastical History he has left us beautiful lives of Anglo-Saxon Saints and holy Fathers, while his commentaries on the Holy Scriptures are still in use by the Church. It was to the study of the Divine Word that he devoted the whole energy of his soul, and at times his compunction was so overpowering that his voice would break with weeping, while the tears of his scholars mingled with his own. He had little aid from others, and during his later years suffered from constant illness; yet he worked and prayed up to his last hour.

The Saint was employed in translating the Gospel of St. John from the Greek up to the hour of his death, which took place on Ascension Day, 735. "He spent that day joyfully," writes one of his scholars. And in the evening the boy who attended him said, "Dear master, there is yet one sentence unwritten." He answered, "Write it quickly." Presently the youth said, "Now it is written" He replied, "Good! thou hast said the truth�consummatum est; take my head into thy hands, for it is very pleasant to me to sit facing my old praying-place, and there to call upon my Father." And so on the floor of his cell he sang, "Glory be to the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost;" and just as he said "Holy Ghost," he breathed his last, and went to the realms above.

Reflection--"The more," says the Imitation of Christ, "a man is united within himself and interiorly simple, so much the more and deeper things doth he understand without labor; for he receiveth the light of understanding from on high."

       †

May 26th: St. Philip Neri, Confessor and Trinity Sunday

Newly Added
Children's Retreat: Before Confirmation, Imprimatur 1907 St. Philip Neri, Confessor

A Memorial to those who have served in the Military Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory

Patron Saints of Soldiers and the Military

St. Michael/ Exorcism Devotions to St. Michael St. George St. Ignatius of Loyola, Confessor St. Francis of Assisi, Confessor St. James the Greater, Apostle St. Sebastian, Martyr St. Eustace and Companions, Martyrs St. Martin, Bishop and Confessor

O God, Who hast exalted blessed Philip Neri, Thy Confessor with the glory of Thy Saints: mercifully grant, that we who rejoice in his festival may profit by the example of his virtues. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Philip was one of the noble line of Saints raised up by God in the sixteenth century to console and bless His Church. After a childhood of angelic beauty the Holy Spirit drew him away from Florence, the place of his birth, showed him the world, that he might freely renounce it, led him to Rome, modelled him in mind and heart and will, and then, as by a second Pentecost, came down in visible form and filled his soul with light and peace and joy. He would have gone to India, but God reserved him for Rome. There he went on simply from day to day, drawing souls to Jesus, exercising them in mortification and charity, and binding them together by cheerful devotions; thus, unconsciously to himself, under the hands of Mary, as he said, the Oratory grew up, and all Rome was pervaded and transformed by its spirit. His life was a continuous miracle, his habitual state an ecstasy. He read the hearts of men, foretold their future, knew their eternal destiny. His touch gave health of body; his very look calmed souls in trouble and drove away temptations. He was gay, genial, and irresistibly winning; neither insult nor wrong could dim the brightness of his joy.

Philip lived in an atmosphere of sunshine and gladness which brightened all who came near him. "When I met him in the street," says one, "he would pat my cheek and say, 'Well, how is Don Pellegrino?' and leave me so full of joy that I could not tell which way I was going." Others said that when he playfully pulled their hair or their ears, their hearts would bound with joy. Marcio Altieri felt such overflowing gladness in his presence that he said Philip's room was a paradise on earth. Fabrizio de Massimi would go in sadness or perplexity and stand at Philip's door; he said it was enough to see him, to be near him. And long after his death it was enough for many, when troubled, to go into his room to find their hearts lightened and gladdened. He inspired a boundless confidence and love, and was the common refuge and consoler of all. A gentle jest would convey his rebukes and veil his miracles. The highest honors sought him out, but he put them from him. He died in his eightieth year, in 1595, and bears the grand title of Apostle of Rome.

Reflection--Philip wished his children to serve God, like the first Christians, in gladness of heart. He said this was the true filial spirit; this expands the soul, giving it liberty and perfection in action, power over temptations, and fuller aid to perseverance.

†

May 25th: St. Gregory VII., Pope and Confessor

St. Gregory VII., Pope and Confessor, Com. of St. Urban I Pope and Martyr 5th Sunday After Easter: How we should pray Children's Sermon for 5th Sunday After Easter What we should pray for Prayer: its conditions and circumstances How to Practice Mental Prayer The Life of St. Peter Alcantara and his Golden Treastise of Mental Prayer St. Michael/ Exorcism Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Memorial Day Related Links:

A Memorial to those who have served in the Military Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory

O God, the strength of all those who put their trust in Thee, Who didst strengthen blessed Gregory Thy Confessor and Pontiff with the virtue of constancy, to the end that he might defend the liberty of the Church: grant us, by his example and intercession, to overcome with a good courage all that is against us. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Gregory VII., by name Hildebrand, was born in Tuscany, about the year 1013. He was educated in Rome. From thence he went to France, and became a monk at Cluny. Afterwards he returned to Rome, and for many years filled high trusts of the Holy See. Three great evils then afflicted the Church: simony, concubinage, and the custom of receiving investiture from lay hands. Against these three corruptions Gregory never ceased to contend. As legate of Victor II. he held a Council at Lyons, where simony was condemned.

He was elected Pope in 1073, and at once called upon the pastors of the Catholic world to lay down their lives rather than betray the laws of God to the will of princes. Rome was in rebellion through the ambition of the Cenci. Gregory excommunicated them. They laid hands on him at Christmas during the midnight Mass, wounded him, and cast him into prison. The following day he was rescued by the people. Next arose his conflict with Henry IV., Emperor of Germany. This monarch, after openly relapsing into simony, pretended to depose the Pope. Gregory excommunicated the emperor. His subjects turned against him, and at last he sought absolution of Gregory at Canossa. But he did not persevere.

He set up an antipope, and besieged Gregory in the castle of St. Angelo. The aged pontiff was obliged to flee, and on May 25, 1085, about the seventy-second year of his life and the twelfth year of his pontificate, Gregory entered into his rest. His last words were full of a divine wisdom and patience. As he was dying, he said, "I have loved justice and hated iniquity, therefore I die in exile." His faithful attendant answered, "Vicar of Christ, an exile thou canst never be, for to thee God has given the Gentiles for an inheritance, and the uttermost ends of the earth for thy possession."

†

May 24th: Ferial Day

Mary Help of Christians Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

A Memorial to those who have served in the Military Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory

On Reforming Our Lives Before Death
by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

Every one desires to die the death of the saints; but it is scarcely possible for the Christian to make a holy end, who has led a disorderly life until the time of his death; to die united to God, after having always lived at a distance from Him. The saints, in order to secure a happy death, renounced all the riches, the delights, and all the hopes which this world held out to them, and embraced poor and mortified lives. They buried themselves alive in this world, to avoid, when dead, being buried for ever in hell. O God, for how many years past have I deserved to be buried in that place of torments, without hope of pardon, or of being able to love Thee! But Thou hast waited in order to pardon me. Truly, then, am I sorry from the bottom of my heart for having offended Thee, my sovereign good; have pity on me, and do not permit me to offend Thee any more.

God forewarns sinners that they will seek Him in death and will not find Him: You shall seek and shall not find me. They shall not find Him because they will not then seek Him through love, but only through the fear of hell; they will seek God without renouncing their affection for sin; and hence they shall not find Him. No, my God, I will not wait to seek Thee in death, but will seek and desire Thee from this moment. I am sorry for having hitherto given Thee so much displeasure by seeking to gratify my own inclinations. I am sorry for it, I confess that I have done evil. But Thou willest not that the heart that seeks Thee should despair, but rejoice: Let the heart of them rejoice that seek the Lord. Ps. civ. 3. Yes, O Lord, I seek Thee and I love Thee more than myself.

How miserable is the Christian who, before his death, has not spent a good part of his life in bewailing his sins! It is not to be denied that such a man may be converted at his death and obtain salvation; but the mind obscured, the heart hardened, the bad habits formed, the passions predominant, render it morally impossible for him to die happily. An extraordinary grace will be necessary for him; but does God reserve such a grace to bestow it upon one who has continued ungrateful to Him even until the moment of death? O God, to what straits are sinners reduced to escape eternal destruction. No, my God, I will not wait until death to repent of my sins and to love Thee. I am sorry now for having offended Thee; now do I love Thee with my whole heart. Suffer me not any more to turn my back upon thee, rather let me die. O holy mother, Mary, obtain for me perseverance in virtue.

†

May 23rd: Ferial Day

Our Lady Refuge of Sinners Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Prisoners of Sin On the Abuse of Divine Mercy by St. Alphonsus On the Number of Sins, by St. Aphonsus Di Liguori What is the Sin Against the Holy Ghost The Necessity of Prayer for Sinners Causes of Relapse into Sin Mortal Sin Time is No More They that Live in Sin

On the Patience of God with Sinners
by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

The more we have experienced the patient mercies of God, the more we ought to be afraid of continuing to abuse them, lest the time of God's vengeance overtake us. Revenge is mine, and I will repay in due time. Deut. xxxiii. 35. God will put an end to His forbearance towards those who will not cease to abuse it. I give Thee thanks, O Lord, for having patiently borne with me, though I have so often betrayed thee. Make me sensible of the evil which I have done by abusing Thy patience for so long a time; make me sorry for all the offences I have committed against Thee. No, I will never more abuse Thy tender mercy.

Commit this sin; you can afterwards confess it. Such is the artifice with which the devil has drawn many souls into hell. Many Christians, now in hell, have been lost by this delusion. The Lord waiteth that he may have mercy on you. Isa. xxx. 18. God waiteth for the sinner, that the sinner may be converted, and obtain mercy; but when God sees that the time which He allows the sinner for doing penance, is employed only in increasing the number of His offences, then Hhe waits no longer, but punishes him as he deserves. Pardon me, O God, for I desire never more to offend Thee. And why should I delay? that thou mayest condemn me to hell? I fear indeed that now Thou canst no longer have patience with me I have indeed offended Thee too grievously. I am sorry for it, I repent of it. I hope for forgiveness through the merits of that blood which Thou hast shed for me.

The mercies of the Lord that we are not consumed; because His commiserations have not failed. Lam. iii. 22. Thus should he exclaim who finds to his confusion that he has frequently offended God. He should be most grateful to God for not having suffered him to die in his sins, and be most careful not to offend Him again; otherwise the Lord will reproach him, saying: What more could I have done for my vineyard that I have not done? God will say to him: Ungrateful soul! if thou hadst committed the same offences against man, who is viler than the earth, verily he would not have borne with thee. And how great mercies have I exercised towards thee! How many times have I called thee, and enlightened thee, and pardoned thee? The time of punishment is at hand; the time of forgiveness is past. Thus has God spoken to many who are now suffering in hell; where one of their greatest torments is the remembrance of the mercies which they formerly received from God.

Jesus, my Redeemer, and my Judge, I also have deserved to hear the same from Thy mouth; but I hear Thee now again calling me to pardon: Be converted to the Lord thy God. O accursed sin, which has made me lose my God, how much do I abhor and detest thee! I turn my whole self towards thee, my Lord and my God. My sovereign good, I love Thee; and because I love Thee I repent with my whole soul for having, during the time that is past, so much despised Thee. My God, I desire never more to offend Thee: give me Thy love, grant me perseverance. Mary, my refuge, succour and help me.

†

May 22nd, Ferial Day

Prayers for Catholic Mothers Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

On devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary
by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

Jesus is the mediator of justice, Mary obtains for us grace; for as St. Bernard, St. Bonaventure, St. Bernardin of Sienna, St. Germanus, St. Antoninus and others say, it is the will of God to dispense, through the hands of Mary, whatever graces He is pleased to bestow upon us. With God the prayers of the saints are the prayers of His friends, but the prayers of Mary are the prayers of His mother. Happy they who confidently and at all times have recourse to this divine mother! This of all others is the most pleasing devotion to the Blessed Virgin, ever to have recourse to her and to say: O Mary, intercede for me with your Son Jesus.

Jesus is omnipotent by nature; Mary is very powerful by grace; she obtains whatever she asks for. It is impossible, says St. Antoninus, that this mother should ask any favour of her Son for those who are devout to her, and the Son not grant her request. Jesus delights to honour His mother by granting whatever she asks of Him. Hence St. Bernard exhorts us to seek for grace, and to seek for it through Mary: because she is a mother who cannot be denied. If then we would be saved, let us recommend ourselves to Mary, that she may intercede for us, because her prayers are always heard. O mother of mercy, have pity on me. You are styled the advocate of sinners, assist me, therefore, a sinner placing my confidence in you.

Let us not doubt whether Mary will hear us when we address our prayers to her. It is her delight to exercise her powerful influence with God in obtaining for us whatever graces we stand in need of. It is sufficient to ask favours of Mary to obtain them. If we are unworthy of them, she renders us worthy, by her powerful intercession; and she is very desirous that we should have recourse to her, that she may save us. What sinner ever perished, who, with confidence and perseverance, had recourse to Mary, the refuge of sinners? He is lost who has not recourse to Mary. O Mary, my mother and my hope, I take refuge under your protection; reject me not as I have deserved. Protect me and have pity on me, a miserable sinner. Obtain for me the forgiveness of my sins; obtain for me holy perseverance, the love of God, a good death, and a happy eternity. I hope all things of you, because you are most powerful with God. Make me holy, since you have it in your power to do so, by your holy intercession. O Mary, in you do I confide, in you do I place all my hopes, next to your divine Son Jesus.

†

May 21st: Ferial Day

Causes of Relapse into Sin Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

On Temptations to Relapse
by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

Christian, when the devil again tempts thee to sin, telling thee that "God is merciful," remember that the Lord "showeth mercy towards them that fear Him," and not to them that despise Him. "God is merciful," it is true; yet how many does He daily condemn to the torments of hell! "God is merciful," but He is also just. He is merciful to those who repent of their sins, but not to those who abuse His mercy to offend Him the more freely. O God, how often have I done this! how often have I offended Thee because Thou wast good and merciful!

The devil will say to thee: "As He has pardoned thee many past sins, so will He pardon thee the sin which thou art now about to commit." No, thou must reply; because He has so often forgiven me, I ought to be the more afraid, that, if I should again offend Him, He will no more pardon me, but punish me for all the crimes I have ever committed against Him. Attend to the admonition of the Holy Ghost: Say not, I have sinned and what harm hath befallen me for the most High is a patient rewarder. Eccl. v. 4. O God, how basely have I corresponded with Thy favours! Thou hast bestowed graces upon me, and I have requited them with injuries: Thou hast loaded me with blessings, and I have insulted and dishonoured Thee. But for the future it shall not be so. The more Thou hast borne with me, so much the more will I love Thee. Do thou assist my weakness.

The devil will say to thee: "But dost thou not see that thou canst not now resist this temptation?" Answer him: but if I do not resist now, how shall I be able to resist afterwards, when I shall have become weaker, and the divine assistance will fail me? Am I to be told that, in proportion as I multiply the number of my sins, God will multiply the number of His graces towards me? Finally, he will say to thee: "But although thou wert to commit this sin, thou mayest still be saved." Say to him in reply: I maybe saved; but is this a reason why I should write my own sentence of condemnation to hell? I may be saved; but I may also be lost, and this is more probable. This is not an affair to be left to the chance of a "may be." But, O Lord, how much hast Thou done for me? I have multiplied my faults, and Thou hast increased Thy graces! The thought of this imbitters my sorrow for having so heniously offended Thee. My good God, why have I offended Thee? O that I could die of grief! Help me, O Jesus, for I desire to be wholly Thine. Holy Mary, obtain for me perseverance in virtue, and suffer me not any more to live ungrateful to God who has so much loved me.

†

May 20th: St. Bernardine of Siena, Confessor

St. Bernardine of Siena, Confessor Prayers and Devotions to the Holy Name Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O Lord Jesus, Who didst bestow on the blessed Bernardine Thy Confessor an especial love for Thy Holy Name: mercifully pour into our hearts, by virtue of his merits and intercession, the spirit of Thy love: Who livest etc

(Roman Breviary)

In 1408 St. Vincent Ferrer once suddenly interrupted his sermon to declare that there was among his hearers a young Franciscan who would be one day a greater preacher than himself, and would be set before him in honor by the Church. This unknown friar was Bernardine. Of noble birth, he had spent his youth in works of mercy, and had then entered religion. Owing to a defective utterance, his success as a preacher at first seemed doubtful, but, by the prayers of Our Lady, this obstacle was miraculously removed, and Bernardine began an apostolate which lasted thirty-eight years.

By his burning words and by the power of the Holy Name of Jesus, which he displayed on a tablet at the end of his sermons, he obtained miraculous conversions, and reformed the greater part of Italy. But this success had to be exalted by the cross. The Saint was denounced as a heretic and his devotion as idolatrous. After many trials he lived to see his innocence proved, and a lasting memorial of his work established in a church.

The Feast of the Holy Name commemorates at once his sufferings and his triumph. He died on Ascension Eve, 1444, while his brethren were chanting the antiphon, "Father, I have manifested Thy Name to men." St. Bernardine, when a youth, undertook the charge of a holy old woman, a relation of his, who had been left destitute. She was blind and bedridden, and during her long illness could only utter the Holy Name. The Saint watched over her till she died, and thus learned the devotion of his life.

Reflection--Let us learn from the life of St. Bernardine the power of the Holy Name in life and death.

†

May 19th: St. Peter Celestine, Pope and Confessor

St. Peter Celestine, Pope and Confessor Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who didst raise up blessed Peter Celestine to the supreme pontificate, yet didst teach him to prefer humility to that dignity, mercifully grant, that, following his example, we may despise all the things of the world, and so deserve to attain to the rewards which thou hast promised to the lowly. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

As a child, Peter had visions of our blessed Lady, and of the angels and saints. They encouraged him in his prayer, and chided him when he fell into any fault. His mother, though only a poor widow, put him to school, feeling sure that he would one day be a Saint. At the age of twenty, he left his home in Apulia to live in a mountain solitude. Here he passed three years, assaulted by the evil spirits and beset with temptations of the flesh, but consoled by angels' visits. After this his seclusion was invaded by disciples, who refused to be sent away; and the rule of life which he gave them formed the foundation of the Celestine Order.

Angels assisted in the church which Peter built; unseen bells rang peals of surpassing sweetness, and heavenly music filled the sanctuary when he offered the Holy Sacrifice. Suddenly he found himself torn from his loved solitude by his election to the Papal throne. Resistance was of no avail. He took the name of Celestine, to remind him of the heaven he was leaving and for which he sighed, and was consecrated at Aquila. After a reign of four months, Peter summoned the cardinals to his presence, and solemnly resigned his trust.

St. Peter built himself a boarded cell in his palace, and there continued his hermit's life; and when, lest his simplicity might be taken advantage of to distract the peace of the Church, he was put under guard, he said, "I desired nothing but a cell, and a cell they have given me." There he enjoyed his former loving intimacy with the saints and angels, and sang the Divine praises almost continually. At length, on Whit-Sunday, he told his guards he should die within the week, and immediately fell ill. He received the last sacraments; and the following Saturday, as he finished the concluding verse of Lauds, "Let every spirit bless the Lord!" he closed his eyes to this world and opened them to the vision of God.

Reflection--"Whose," says the Imitation of Christ, "withdraweth himself from acquaintances and friends, to him will God draw near with His holy angels."

†

May 18th: St. Venantius, Martyr and 4th Sunday After Easter

4th Sunday After Easter Children's Sermon for 4th Sunday After Easter The Nature of Sin The Conversion of Sinners Time is No More They that Live in Sin The Sinner Seeks God The Sinner at Death On the Number of Sins,
by St. Aphonsus Di Liguori The Necessity of Prayer for Sinners Penitent's Consolation Examination of Conscience Rite of Confession General Confession Contrition Spiritual Communion

St. Venantius, Martyr Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who hast made this holy by the triumph of Thy blessed Martyr Venantius: graciously hear the prayers of Thy people, and grant, that we who venerate his merits may follow the example of his constancy in the faith. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Venantius was born at Camerino in Italy, and at the age of fifteen was seized as a Christian and carried before a judge. As it was found impossible to shake his constancy either by threats or promises, he was condemned to be scourged, but was miraculously saved by an angel. He was then burnt with torches and hung over a low fire that he might be suffocated by the smoke. The judge's secretary, admiring the steadfastness of the Saint, and seeing an angel robed in white, who trampled out the fire and again set free the youthful martyr, proclaimed his faith in Christ, was baptized with his whole family, and shortly after won the martyr's crown himself.

Venantius was then carried before the governor, who, unable to make him renounce his faith, cast him into prison with an apostate, who vainly strove to tempt him. The governor then ordered his teeth and jaws to be broken, and had him thrown into a furnace, from which the angel once more delivered him. The Saint was again led before the judge, who at sight of him fell headlong from his seat and expired, crying, "The God of Venantius is the true God; let us destroy our idols." This circumstance being told to the governor, he ordered Venantius to be thrown to the lions; but these brutes, forgetting their natural ferocity, crouched at the feet of the Saint.

Then, by order of the tyrant, the young martyr was dragged through a heap of brambles and thorns, but again God manifested the glory of His servant; the soldiers suffering from thirst, the Saint knelt on a rock and signed it with a cross, when immediately a jet of clear, cool water spurted up from the spot. This miracle converted many of those who beheld it, whereupon the governor had Venantius and his converts beheaded together in the year 250. The bodies of these martyrs are kept in the church at Camerino which bears the Saint's name.

Reflection--Love of suffering marks the most perfect degree in the love of God. Our Lord Himself was consumed with the desire to suffer, because He burnt with the love of God. We must begin with patience and detachment. At last we shall learn to love the sufferings which conform us to the Passion of our Redeemer.

†

May 17th: St. Paschal Baylon, Confessor

St. Paschal Baylon, Confessor Are we bound to profess our Catholic Faith openly? Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Devotions for Confession

Penitent's Consolation Examination of Conscience Rite of Confession The Nature of Sin Mortal Sin Contrition Conscience

O God, Who didst adorn Blessed Paschal, Thy Confessor, with a wonderful love for the holy mysteries of Thy Body and Blood, mercifully grant, that we, too, may deserve to receive the same spiritual graces which he received from this deivine banquet. Who livest and reignest, etc. Amen

(Roman Breviary)

From his childhood Saint Paschal seems to have been marked out for the service of God. Amid his daily labors as a shepherd, he found time to instruct and evangelize the rude herdsmen who kept their flocks on the hills of Aragon. At the age of twenty-four he entered the reformed Franciscan Order near the town of Monfort, Spain, where he remained, out of humility, a simple lay brother, occupying himself by preference with the roughest and most servile tasks.

He was distinguished by his ardent devotion and love for the Blessed Sacrament. He would spend hours on his knees before the tabernacle, often being raised from the ground in the fervor of his prayer. And there, from the authentic and eternal Truth, he drew such stores of wisdom that, unlettered as he was, he was considered by all a master in theology and spiritual science.

Shortly after his profession he was sent to Paris on business connected with his Order. The journey was full of perils, owing to the hostility of the Huguenots, who were numerous at the time in the south of France; and on four separate occasions Paschal was in imminent danger of death at their hands. Twice he was taken for a spy; but it was not God's will that His servant should obtain the crown of martyrdom which he so earnestly desired, though he regarded himself as unworthy of it. He returned in safety to his convent, where he would later die in the odor of sanctity in 1592.

Multitudes witnessed the miracles which took place during the three days his body was exposed for veneration. He was canonized in 1690, and in 1897 declared patron of all Eucharistic congresses and confraternities.

†

May 16th: St. Ubald, Bishop and Confessor

St. Ubaldus, Bishop and Confessor Part 13: A Short Explanation on the Rite of Exorcisms St. Michael/ Exorcism

Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Be appeased, O Lord, we beseech Thee, and lend us Thy help: and by the intercession of blessed Ubald, Thy Confessor and Bishop, stretch forth the right hand of Thy mercy upon us against the wicked assaults of the devil. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

May 16th: St. John Nepomucen

St. John Nepomucen, Martyr Catholic Instruction for Children for the Sacrament of Penance, 1897

St. John was born, in answer to prayer, 1330, of poor parents, at Nepomuc in Bohemia. In gratitude they consecrated him to God; and his holy life as a priest led to his appointment as chaplain to the court of the Emperor Wenceslas, where he converted numbers by his preaching and example. Amongst those who sought his advice was the empress, who suffered much from her husband's unfounded jealousy. St. John taught her to bear her cross with joy; but her piety only incensed the emperor, and he tried to extort her confessions from the Saint. He threw St. John into a dungeon, but gained nothing; then, inviting him to his palace, he promised him riches if he would yield, and threatened death if he refused.

The Saint was silent. He was racked and burnt with torches; but no words, save Jesus and Mary, fell from his lips. At last set free, he spent his time in preaching, and preparing for the death he knew to be at hand. On Ascension Eve, May 16, Wenceslas, after a final and fruitless attempt to move his constancy, ordered him to be cast into the river, and that night the martyr's hands and feet were bound, and he was thrown from the bridge of Prague. As he died, a heavenly light shining on the water discovered the body, which was buried with the honors due to a Saint. A few years later, Wenceslas was deposed by his own subjects, and died an impenitent and miserable death.

In 1618 the Calvinist and Hussite soldiers of the Protestant Elector Frederick tried repeatedly to demolish the shrine of St. John at Prague. Each attempt was miraculously frustrated; and once the persons engaged in the sacrilege, among whom was an Englishman, were killed on the spot. In 1620 the imperial troops recovered the town by a victory which was ascribed to the Saint's intercession, as he was seen on the eve of the battle, radiant with glory, guarding the cathedral. When his shrine was opened, three hundred and thirty years after his decease, the flesh had disappeared, and one member alone remained incorrupt, the tongue; thus still, in silence, giving glory to God.

Reflection--St. John, who by his invincible sacramental silence won his crown, teaches us to prefer torture and death to offending the Creator with our tongue. How many times each day do we forfeit grace and strength by sins of speech!

†

May 15th: St. John Baptist de LaSalle, Confessor

The Story of Saint John Baptist de la Salle, 1921 Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, who didst raise up the holy Confessor John Baptist to promote the Christian education of the poor, and to direct the young in the way of truth, and by his means didst bring together a new family within the Church: mercifully grant, through his intercession and example, that we may burn with zeal for Thy glory in saving souls, and may share his crown in heaven. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

May 14th: St. Boniface, Martyr

St. Boniface, Martyr Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, we beseech Thee, almighty God: that we, who keep the solemn feast of blessed Boniface Thy Martyr, may be assisted by his intercession with thee. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

May 13th: St. Robert Bellarmine, Bishop, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church

St. Robert Bellarmine The Art of Dying Well by St. Robert Bellarmine Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, who didst endow blessed Robert Thy Bishop and Doctor with wondrous learning and strength to foil the wiles of error and to vindicate the rights of the Apostolic See: grant, through his merits and intercession, that we may grow in the love of truth, and that the hearts of those who have gone astray may return to the unity of Thy Church. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

May 13th, Anniversary of the First Apparition of Our Lady of Fatima

Our Lady of Fatima

The Sight of Hell, A Book for Children and Young Persons as well as Adults

The Most Holy Rosary

Feast of the Holy Rosary The Excellence of the Rosary, Rev. M. J. Frings, 1912 Encyclical on the
Recitation of the Rosary Prayers of Our Lady
of the Rosary The History of the Rosary How to Say the Rosary Rosary Novenas Joyful Mysteries Sorrowful Mysteries Glorious Mysteries Ave Maria

†

May 12th: Sts. Nereus, Achilleus, Domitilla the Virgin, and Pancratius, Martyrs

Sts. Nereus, Achilleus, Domitilla the Virgin, and Pancratius Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

May the happy festival, O Lord, of Thy Martyrs, Nereus, Achilleus, Domitilla, and Pancratius always defend us from evil: and render us worthy to serve Thee. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

May 11th: Third Sunday After Easter

Children's Sermon for 3rd Sunday After Easter 3rd Sunday After Easter The End of Man Spiritual Communion

Links for Mother's Day

The Christian Mother Prayers for Catholic Mothers What is it to be a Mother? Blessings of Many Children In Defense of Mary
The Mother of God Mother of God: Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary Translation of the Holy House of Loretto Devotions in honor of the Queenship of Mary The Mother of St. Augustine

O God, Who unto those who go astray, dost display the light of Thy truth that they may return into the way of righteousness, grant unto all those who profess faith in Christ, both to avoid the things which are contrary to that name, and to follow those which are agreeable thereto. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

†

May 10th: St. Antoninus, Bishop and Confessor

St. Antoninus, Bishop and Confessor Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant us, O Lord, to be assisted by the merits of holy Antoninus thy Confessor and Bishop: that, as we acknowledge Thy wonderful power in him, so we may glory in Thy mercy towards oursevles. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Antoninus, or Little Antony, as he was called from his small stature, was born at Florence in 1389. After a childhood of singular holiness, he begged to be admitted very young into the Dominican house at Fiesole; but the Superior, to test his sincerity and perseverance, told him he must first learn by heart the book of the Decretals, or Canon Law, containing several hundred pages. This apparently impossible task was accomplished within twelve months; and Antoninus received the coveted habit in his sixteenth year.

While still young, he filled several important posts of his Order and was consulted on questions of difficulty by the most learned men of his day, being known because of his wonderful prudence, as "the Counselor." He wrote several works on theology and history and served as Papal Theologian at the Council of Florence. In 1446 he was compelled to accept the archbishopric of that city. In this dignity he earned for himself the title of "the Father of the Poor," for all he had was at their disposal. Saint Antoninus never refused an alms which was asked in the name of God. When he had no money, he gave his clothes, shoes, or furniture.

One day, being sent by the Florentines to the Pope, as he approached Rome a beggar came up to him almost naked, and asked him for an alms for Christ's sake. Outdoing Saint Martin, Antoninus gave him his whole cloak. When he entered the city, another one was given him; by whom, he knew not. His household consisted of only six persons; his palace contained no plate or costly furniture, and was often nearly destitute of the necessities of life. His one mule was frequently sold for the relief of the poor, but was ordinarily bought back for him again by some wealthy citizen.

†

May 9th: St. Gregory Nazianzen, Bishop, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church

St. Gregory Nazianzen Prayers and Devotions to the Holy Trinity Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who didst give blessed Gregory to be a minister of eternal salvation to Thy people: grant, we beseech Thee, that we who have had him on earth as Teacher of life, may be worthy to have him for Advocate in heaven. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Gregory was born in 312 near Caesarea of Cappadocia, of parents who are both honored as Saints, and the infant was immediately consecrated to God. After learning all that he could in his native land, he journeyed to Caesarea in Palestine to study at the famous school founded by Origen, then went to Alexandria in Egypt to rejoin his brother there. After some time he embarked for Athens, the metropolis of the sciences and the humanities. During the voyage, a storm of twenty days' duration nearly caused the loss of the ship and all passengers; their safe arrival in Athens was attributed to Saint Gregory's prayers, and all aboard adopted Christianity.

In Athens he met and became the close friend of Saint Basil, and these noble souls turned away together from the most attractive worldly prospects. For some years they lived in seclusion, self-discipline, and studious labor, knowing only two roads, Gregory wrote, "one to church, the other to school." Only after thirty years of studies and good works in Athens did they leave that city and separate. They would meet again in the year 358, to live in solitude for a time in the Province of Pont.

Saint Gregory was raised to the priesthood almost by force, preaching his first sermon, after a ten-weeks' retreat, on the dangers and responsibilities of the priesthood. In 372, when he was sixty years old, he was consecrated a bishop by his dear friend Saint Basil, who had become Archbishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia. All their lives they would correspond; many of Saint Gregory's noble and eloquent letters to Saint Basil can still be read among the 212 pieces of his correspondence which are still conserved.

Saint Gregory's rare gifts and conciliatory disposition had become well known. In the year 379, when he was sixty-seven years old, he was chosen to be Patriarch of Constantinople. That city was distracted and laid waste in those times by Arian and other heretics. After a reception which was at best lukewarm, the new Patriarch labored there successfully, from his base in a small church named the Anastasia (Resurrection), where he gave instructions and saw the number of his listeners increase daily.
The Arians were so irritated at the decay of their heresy that they pursued the Saint with outrage, calumny and violence, and at length resolved to take his life. For this purpose they chose an intrepid youth who was willing to undertake the sacrilegious commission. But God did not allow him to carry it out; he was touched with remorse and cast himself at the Saint's feet, avowing his sinful intent. Saint Gregory forgave him at once, treated him with all kindness and received him among his friends, to the wonder and edification of the whole city and to the confusion of the heretics, whose crime had served only as a mirror to the virtue of the Saint.

Saint Jerome states that he himself learned at the feet of this master, who was his catechist in Holy Scripture. But Saint Gregory's humility, his austerities, the humble appearance of his aging and worn person, and above all his very success in Constantinople, did not cease to draw down upon him the hatred of every enemy of the Faith. He was persecuted by the magistrates, stoned by the rabble, and thwarted and deserted even by his brother bishops. During the second General Council, hoping to restore peace to his tormented city, the eloquent bishop, whom the Church calls Saint Gregory the Theologian, resigned his see and retired to his native town, where he died in the year 390.

†

May 8th: Apparition of St. Michael

Apparition of St. Michael Chaplet and Devotions to St. Michael the Archangel Dedication of St. Michael

Related Links
St. Michael/ Exorcism Resisting the Enemies of Our Salvation

The Three Archangels and the Guardian Angels in Art, 1899 The Angels in the Liturgy Good and Bad Angels Litany of the Holy Angels Part 5: The Devils Plan to Ruin Souls and the Protection of the Holy Angels Our Lady Queen of Angels Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, who ordained in wondrous order, the offices of Angels and men, grant in Thy mercy, that those who stand forever before Thee in heaven to do Thy will, may also guard our lives upon earth. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

It is evident from Holy Scripture that God is pleased to make frequent use of the ministry of the heavenly spirits in the dispensations of His providence in this world. The Angels are all pure spirits; by a property of their nature they are immortal, as is every spirit. They have the power of moving or conveying themselves at will from place to place, and such is their activity that it is not easy for us to conceive of it. Among the holy Archangels, Saints Michael, Gabriel and Raphael are particularly distinguished in the Scriptures. Saint Michael, whose name means Who is like unto God?, is the prince of the faithful Angels who opposed Lucifer and his followers in their revolt against God. Since the devil is the sworn enemy of God's holy Church, Saint Michael is given to it by God as its special protector against the demon's assaults and stratagems.

Various apparitions of this powerful Angel have proved the protection of Saint Michael over the Church. We may mention his apparition in Rome, where Saint Gregory the Great saw him in the air sheathing his sword, to signal the cessation of a pestilence and the appeasement of God's wrath. Another apparition to Saint Ausbert, bishop of Avranches in France, led to the construction of Mont-Saint-Michel in the sea, a famous pilgrimage site. May 8th, however, is destined to recall another no less marvelous apparition, occurring near Monte Gargano in the Kingdom of Naples.

In the year 492 a man named Gargan was pasturing his large herds in the countryside. One day a bull fled to the mountain, where at first it could not be found. When its refuge in a cave was discovered, an arrow was shot into the cave, but the arrow returned to wound the one who had sent it. Faced with so mysterious an occurrence, the persons concerned decided to consult the bishop of the region. He ordered three days of fasting and prayers. After three days, the Archangel Saint Michael appeared to the bishop and declared that the cavern where the bull had taken refuge was under his protection, and that God wanted it to be consecrated under his name and in honor of all the Holy Angels.

Accompanied by his clergy and people, the pontiff went to that cavern, which he found already disposed in the form of a church. The divine mysteries were celebrated there, and there arose in this same place a magnificent temple where the divine Power has wrought great miracles. To thank God's adorable goodness for the protection of the holy Archangel, the effect of His merciful Providence, this feast day was instituted by the Church in his honor.

It is said of this special guardian and protector of the Church that, during the final persecution of Antichrist, he will powerfully defend it: "At that time shall Michael rise up, the great prince who protects the children of thy people." (Dan. 12:1) Compare this text with Chapter 10 of the Apocalypse of Saint John.

†

May 7th:
Solemnity of St. Joseph

Solemnity of St. Joseph The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. Joachim
and St. Anne, 1859 The Patronage of St. Joseph St. Joseph, Spouse of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Confessor, and Patron of the Universal Church St. Joseph Additional Prayers St. Joseph Husband of Mary and Intecessor of the Universal Church The Christian Father Prayers and Devotions to the Holy Family Sermons on St. Joseph Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Dying The Espousal or Marriage of the Blessed Virgin Mary to St. Joseph A Novena of Meditations in Honor of St. Joseph Joseph Dearest Video

Other Links in Honor of St. Joseph

The Flight into Egypt Instructions for the
Catholic Family The Christian Family March Meditation on St. Joseph

O God, Who in Thy unspeakable providence wast pleased to choose blessed Joseph for Thy most holy Mother's spouse: grant, we beseech Thee, that we may become worthy to have him for our intercessor in heaven whom we venerate as our protector upon earth. Who livest etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Joseph was by birth of the royal family of David, but was living in humble obscurity as a carpenter when God raised him to the highest sanctity, and fitted him to be the spouse of His Virgin Mother, and foster-father and guardian of the Incarnate Word. Joseph, says the Holy Scripture, was a just man; he was innocent and pure, as became the husband of Mary; he was gentle and tender, as one worthy to be named the father of Jesus; he was prudent and a lover of silence, as became the master of the holy house; above all, he was faithful and obedient to divine calls. His conversation was with angels rather than with men. When he learned that Mary bore within her womb the Lord of heaven, he feared to take her as his wife; but an angel bade him fear not, and all doubts vanished. When Herod sought the life of the divine Infant, an angel told Joseph in a dream to fly with the Child and His Mother into Egypt. Joseph at once arose and obeyed. This sudden and unexpected flight must have exposed Joseph to many inconveniences and sufferings in so long a journey with a little babe and a tender virgin, the greater part of the way being through deserts and among strangers; yet he alleges no excuses, nor inquires at what time they were to return.

St. Chrysostom observes that God treats thus all His servants, sending them frequent trials to clear their hearts from the rust of self-love, but intermixing seasons of consolation. "Joseph," says he, "is anxious on seeing the Virgin with child; an angel removes that fear. He rejoices at the Child's birth, but a great fear succeeds: the furious king seeks to destroy the Child, and the whole city is in an uproar to take away His life. This is followed by another joy, the adoration of the Magi; a new sorrow then arises: he is ordered to fly into a foreign unknown country, without help or acquaintance." It is the opinion of the Fathers that upon their entering Egypt, at the presence of the child Jesus, all the oracles of that superstitious country were struck dumb, and the statues of their gods trembled and in many places fell to the ground. The Fathers also attribute to this holy visit the spiritual benediction poured on that country, which made it for many ages most fruitful in Saints.

After the death of King Herod, of which St. Joseph was informed in another vision, God ordered him to return with the Child and His Mother into the land of Israel, which our Saint readily obeyed. But when he arrived in Judea, hearing that Archelaus had succeeded Herod in that part of the country, and apprehensive that he might be infected with his father's vices, he feared on that account to settle there, as he would otherwise probably have done for the education of the Child; and therefore, being directed by God in another vision, he retired into the dominions of Herod Antipas, in Galilee, to his former habitation in Nazareth. St. Joseph, being a strict observer of the Mosaic law, in conformity to its direction annually repaired to Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover. Our Saviour, now in the twelfth year of His age, accompanied His parents thither. Having performed the usual ceremonies of the feast, they were returning with many of their neighbors and acquaintances towards Galilee; and never doubting but that Jesus was with some of the company, they travelled on for a whole day's journey before they discovered that He was not with them. But when night came on and they could hear no tidings of Him among their kindred and acquaintance, they, in the deepest affliction, returned with the utmost speed to Jerusalem.

After an anxious search of three days they found Him in the Temple, discoursing with the learned doctors of the law, and asking them such questions as raised the admiration of all that heard Him, and made them astonished at the ripeness of His understanding; nor were His parents less surprises on this occasion. When His Mother told Him with what grief and earnestness they had sought Him, and asked, "Son, why hast Thou thus dealt with us? behold Thy Father and I sought Thee in great affliction of mind," she received for answer, "How is it that you sought Me? did you not know that I must be about My Father's business?" But though thus staying in the Temple unknown to His parents, in all other things He was obedient to them, returning with them to Nazareth, and there living in all dutiful subjection to them. As no further mention is made of St. Joseph, he must have died before the marriage of Cana and the beginning of our divine Saviour's ministry. We cannot doubt that he had the happiness of Jesus and Mary attending at his death, praying by him, assisting and comforting him in his last moments; whence he is particularly invoked for the great grace of a happy death and the spiritual presence of Jesus in that hour.

Reflection--St. Joseph, the shadow of the Eternal Father upon earth, the protector of Jesus in His home at Nazareth, and a lover of all children for the sake of the Holy Child, should be the chosen guardian and pattern of every true Christian family.

May 7th: St. Stanislaus, Bishop and Martyr

St. Stanislaus, Bishop and Martyr

O God, for whose honor the glorious Bishop Stanislaus was slain by the swords of the wicked: grant, we beseech thee, that all who implore his protection may obtain the wholesome fulfilment of their prayers. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Stanislaus was born in answer to prayer, when his parents were advanced in age. Out of gratitude they educated him for the Church. When his parents died, he sold their vast properties and gave the price to the poor. He was ordained, and being a holy priest, soon afterwards became a Canon of the Cracow cathedral.

It was necessary to have recourse to the Pope to have him accept the see of Cracow when it became vacant. But the bishop of Cracow's virtues increased with his dignity and obligations; Saint Stanislaus donned a hair shirt, which he wore until he died. He had a list drawn up of every poor person of the city, and gave orders to his servants never to refuse anything to anyone.

Boleslaus II was at that time King of Poland; he was a prince of good disposition, but spoilt by a long series of victories and successes. After many acts of lust and cruelty, he outraged the whole kingdom by carrying off the wife of one of his nobles. Against this public scandal the chaste and gentle bishop alone raised his voice. Having commended the matter to God, he went to the palace and openly rebuked the king for his crime against God and his subjects, and threatened to excommunicate him if he persisted in his sin. Boleslaus, with the intention of irrevocably ruining the bishop's good reputation, suborned the nephews of a man named Paul who had recently died, to swear that their uncle had never been paid for land which the bishop had bought for the Church. Saint Stanislaus stood fearlessly before the king's tribunal, though all his frightened witnesses forsook him, and guaranteed to bring the dead man to witness in his favor within three days.

On the third day, after many prayers and tears, he raised the dead man to life and led him in his grave-clothes before the king, where Paul testified that the bishop had reimbursed him fully for the terrain he had sold. He was then taken back to the grave, where he lay down and again relapsed into his former state, before a large number of witnesses.

Boleslaus for a while made a show of a better life. Soon, however, he returned to the most scandalous excesses, and the bishop, finding all remonstrance useless, pronounced the sentence of excommunication. In defiance of the censure, on May 8, 1079, the king went to a chapel where Saint Stanislaus was saying Mass and commanded three groups of soldiers in succession to slay him at the altar. Each in turn came out, saying he had been alarmed by a light from heaven. At this the king himself rushed in and slew with his own hand the Saint at the altar during the Holy Sacrifice.

The Pope placed the kingdom of Poland under interdict, excommunicated the king and declared his royalty null and void. Boleslaus repented, took refuge in another country for a time, then set out dressed as a pilgrim for Rome. On the way he knocked on a monastery door to ask for an alms, then decided to enter there anonymously, and was received. He spent seven years there as a Benedictine lay brother, rendering every humble service to the monks, patiently bearing rude treatment. Only on his deathbed did he identify himself, taking out his royal ring which he had concealed until then. He had spent hours praying before a statue of Our Lady in the chapel, by which we may conclude that the Mother of God had obtained for him the grace of conversion and a happy death. His body remains in the church of the same monastery of Ossiach.

†

May 6th: St. John, Apostle and Evangelist (Before the Latin Gate)

St. John before the Latin Gate St. John, Apostle and Evangelist Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who seest that evils harrass us on every side: grant, we beseech Thee, that the glorious intercession of blessed John Thy Apostle and Evangelist may always protect us. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

I n the year 95, Saint John the Evangelist, the only surviving Apostle, who was governing all the churches of Asia Minor (present-day Turkey), was apprehended at Ephesus and sent in chains to Rome. The Emperor Domitian did not relent at the sight of the venerable old man, but condemned him to be cast into a cauldron of boiling oil. The martyr doubtless heard, with great joy, this barbarous sentence; the most cruel torments seemed to him light and agreeable because he hoped they would unite him forever to his divine Master and Saviour. But God accepted his will and crowned his desire; He conferred on him the honor and merit of martyrdom while suspending the operation of the fire, just as He had formerly preserved the three children from injury in the Babylonian furnace. The seething oil was changed for him into an invigorating bath, and the Saint came out more refreshed than when he had entered the cauldron.

T he glorious triumph of Saint John happened just beyond the gate of Rome called the Latina. A church which ever since has borne this title was consecrated there, in memory of the miracle. Domitian saw this miracle without deriving the least advantage from it, remaining hardened in his iniquity. Nonetheless, he contented himself afterwards with banishing the holy Apostle to the little island of Patmos. Saint John returned to Ephesus during the mild reign of Nerva (96-98), who during his short imperial government lasting one year and four months, merely labored to restore the faded luster of the Roman Empire.

†

May 5th: St. Pius V, Pope and Confessor

The The Life of St. Pius V. St. Pius V., Pope and Confessor The Victory of Lepanto Papal Bull: Quo Primum, the Tridentine Mass for all Times Why the Mass is in Latin Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who, in order to crush the enemies of Thy Church and to restore divine worship, didst deign to elect blessed Pius to the supreme Pontificate: grant us to be defended by his patronage, and so to cleave unto Thy service, that overcoming all the snares of the enemy, we may rejoice with perpetual peace. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Michael Ghislieri, a Dominican friar from his fifteenth year, a teacher of religion at twenty, as a simple religious, as inquisitor, bishop, and cardinal, was famous both for the spotless purity of his own life and for his intrepid defense of the Church's faith and discipline. Surrounded in his time by great men and great Saints, in apostolic virtue he was surpassed by none.

As Pope, his first concern was to reform the Roman court and the capital city by the strict example of his own household and the punishment of offenders. He next endeavored to obtain from the Catholic powers recognition of the decrees of the Council of Trent, two of which he strictly enforced: the obligatory residence of bishops in their sees, and the establishment of diocesan seminaries. He revised the Missal and Breviary, and reformed ecclesiastical music.

He was not less active in protecting the Church outside Italy. We see him at the same time supporting the Catholic King of France against the Huguenot rebels, and encouraging Mary, Queen of Scots in the bitterness of her captivity. It is he who excommunicated her rival, the usurper Elizabeth, when the best blood of England flowed upon the scaffold and the measure of her crimes was full. The intrepidity of this Vicar of Christ found enemies. The holy Pope was accustomed to kiss the feet of the crucifix on leaving or entering his room. One day the feet moved away from his lips. Sorrow filled his heart, and he made acts of contrition, fearing that he must have committed some secret offense, yet he still could not kiss the feet. It was afterwards discovered that they had been poisoned by an enemy.

It was in the Lepanto victory that the Saint's power was most plainly manifest. There, in October of 1571, by the holy league which he had formed but still more by the prayers of the aging Pontiff to the great Mother of God, the defeat of the advancing Ottoman forces was obtained and Christendom was saved from the Turk. Six months later Saint Pius V died, having reigned only six years.

†

May 4th: Good Shepherd Sunday

Children's Sermon for Good Shepherd Good Shepherd Sunday
Sermons by Fr. Weninger Good Shepherd Sunday Duties of Parents as
Shepherds of their Flock

May 4th: St. Monica, Widow

The Mother of St. Augustine St. Monica, Widow Prayers for Catholic Mothers What is it to be a Mother? St. Augustine I. St. Augustine II. The Conversion of Sinners Paschal Time The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, the comforter of them that mourn, and the slavation of such as hope in Thee, Who didst show mercy to the pious tears of the blessed Monica in the conversion of her son Augustine: grant us, through their united intercession, grace to deplore our sins, and to find pardon and favor with Thee. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Monica, the mother of Saint Augustine, was born in 332 of a Christian family of the ancient city of Tagasta in northern Africa. After a girlhood of singular innocence and piety, she was given in marriage to Patricius, a pagan. She at once devoted herself to his conversion, praying for him always and winning his reverence and love by the holiness of her life and her affectionate forbearance. She was rewarded by seeing him baptized a year before his death.

When her son Augustine went astray in faith and habits, her prayers and tears were incessant. She once begged a learned bishop that he would talk to her son, in order to bring him to a better disposition, but he declined, despairing of success with a young man at once so gifted and so headstrong. At the sight of her prayers and tears, he nonetheless bade her be of good courage, for it could not happen that the child of those tears should perish.

Augustine, by going to Italy, was able for a time to free himself from his mother's importunities, but he could not escape from her prayers, which encompassed him like the providence of God. She followed him to Italy; and there, by his marvelous conversion, her sorrow was turned into joy.

At Ostia, shortly before they were to re-embark for Africa, Augustine and his mother sat at a window conversing on the life of the blessed. She turned to him and said, "My son, there is nothing now I care for in this life. What I shall now do, or why I remain on this earth, I know not. The one reason I had for wishing to linger in this life a little longer was that I might see you a Catholic Christian before I died. This grace God has granted me superabundantly, seeing you reject earthly happiness to become His servant." A few days afterwards she had an attack of fever and died at the age of fifty-six, in the year 388.

†

May 3rd: The Finding of the Holy Cross

First Saturday Devotions Finding of the Holy Cross Litany of the Holy Cross Stations of the Cross St. Leonard of Port Maurice and the Stations of the Cross The Holy Ways of the Cross
by Henri Boudon, 1875 St. Helena The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God Who by the glorious Finding of the Cross of salvation didst renew the wonders of Thy Passion: grant, we beseech Thee, that through the ransom brought us by this tree of life we may obtain the privilege of eternal life. Who livest etc.

(Roman Breviary)

When God restored peace to His Church by exalting Constantine the Great to the imperial throne, that pious prince, who had triumphed over his enemies by the miraculous power of the Cross of Christ, was very desirous of expressing his veneration for the holy places which had been honored and sanctified by the presence and sufferings of our blessed Redeemer on earth. He accordingly resolved to build a magnificent church in the city of Jerusalem.

Saint Helen, the Emperor's mother, desiring to visit the holy places there, made a journey into Palestine in 326, though she was at that time near eighty years of age. On her arrival at Jerusalem she was inspired with a great desire to find the identical cross on which Christ had suffered for our sins, in order to build the proposed church on the site of Calvary. But there was no mark or tradition, even among the Christians, to show where it might lie. Saint Helen consulted everyone in Jerusalem and the surrounding areas, whom she thought likely to assist her in discovering the cross. She was credibly informed that, if she could find the holy sepulchre, she would also find the instruments of the punishment, since it was the custom among the Jews to dig a pit near the place where the body of a criminal was buried, and to throw into it whatever had contributed to his execution.

The Roman pagans who were dominated by an aversion to Christianity had done what they could to conceal the place where our Saviour was buried by heaping on it a great quantity of stone and rubbish, and building there a temple to Venus. They had also erected a statue of Jupiter in the place where Our Lord rose from the dead. The pious Empress therefore ordered the profane buildings to be pulled down, the statue broken in pieces, and the rubbish removed. And then, upon digging to a great depth, the holy sepulchre was uncovered.

Near it were found three crosses and the nails which had pierced Our Saviour's body, with the title which had been fixed to His cross. By this discovery they knew that one of those three crosses was the one they sought, and that the others belonged to the two criminals between whom Our Saviour had been crucified. But because the title was found separate from the cross, it was difficult to distinguish which of the three crosses was the one on which our Redeemer consummated His sacrifice for the salvation of the world. In this perplexity the holy Bishop of Jerusalem Macarius, knowing that one of the principal ladies of the city lay ill and at the point of death, suggested to the Empress to have the three crosses carried to the sick person, not doubting that God would reveal which one was the cross they sought. Saint Macarius prayed that God would have regard to their faith, and then he applied the crosses, one after another, to the patient. She was immediately and perfectly cured by the touch of the True Cross, after the others had been tried without effect.

Saint Helen, full of joy at having found the treasure which she had so earnestly sought and so highly esteemed, built a church on the site and placed the cross there with great veneration, after providing for it an extraordinarily rich silver reliquary. She afterwards carried part of it to her son Constantine at Constantinople, who received it with great veneration; and another part she took to Rome, to be placed in the church which she built there, called Church of the Holy Cross of Jerusalem, where it remains to this day.

The title was sent by Saint Helen to that church in Rome, and placed on the top of an arch, where it was found in a case of lead in 1492. The inscription in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin is in red letters, and the wood was whitened. So it was in 1492; but these colors have since faded, and the words Jesus and Judaeorum are eaten away. The board is nine inches long, but is considered to have measured about twelve originally.

The reliquary of Jerusalem was committed to the care of Saint Macarius and kept with singular care and respect in the magnificent church which Saint Helen and her son built there. Saint Paulinus relates that, though chips were almost daily cut off from it and given to devout persons, yet the sacred wood suffered thereby no diminution. It is affirmed by Saint Cyril of Jerusalem, twenty-five years after the discovery, that pieces of the cross were spread all over the earth; he compares this wonder to the miraculous feeding of five thousand men, as recorded in the Gospel. The discovery of the cross would have happened in the spring, after navigation began on the Mediterranean Sea, for Saint Helen went the same year to Constantinople and from there to Rome, where she died in the arms of her son on the 18th of August of the same year, 326.

†

May 2nd: St. Athanasius, Bishop, Confessor and Doctor of the Church; and Octave of St. Joseph

First Friday Devotions St. Athanasius The Life of St. Antony
by St. Athanasius What Cannot and What Can Be Reformed in the Church. What Every Christian Must Believe and Do to be Saved. Litany of Faith and the Necessity of the Catholic Faith for Salvation Are we bound to profess our Catholic Faith Openly? How Catholics lose the Faith by Fr. Michael Muller New Catholic Book
True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary by St. Louis Marie de Monfort The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Graciously hear, O Lord, we beseech Thee, the prayers which we present to Thee on the festival of blessed Athanasius, Thy Confessor and Bishop: and through the merits and intercession of him who was found worthy to become Thy servant, loose us from all sin. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Athanasius was born in Alexandria, Egypt, towards the end of the third century, and from his youth was pious, learned, and deeply versed in the sacred writings. He left the paternal home to be raised by the bishop of Alexandria like a new Samuel in the Lord's temple, as befitted one whom God had chosen to be the champion and defender of His Church against the Arian heresy, which denied the Divinity of Christ.

While still a deacon, he was chosen by Saint Alexander, his bishop, to go with him to the Council of Nicea, A.D. 325. There he attracted the attention of all the prelates by the learning and ability with which he defended the Faith. Five months later, as Saint Alexander was dying, he recommended Athanasius for his successor as Patriarch of Alexandria, and in that office for forty-six years the new Patriarch bore the whole brunt of the Arian assault, often virtually alone and undefended.

When the invincible Athanasius refused to restore Arius to Catholic communion, he was exiled to Treves in France, and the Emperor ordered the Catholic Patriarch of Constantinople to receive the heresiarch. The end of that man of error is very instructive. He took an oath that he had always believed as the Church believes, though he taught that there was a time when the Word of God WAS NOT. Thereupon the Catholic Patriarch of Constantinople, with Saint James of Nisibe, who was in Constantinople at that time, Saint Athanasius in France and the Catholics everywhere, had recourse to fasting and prayer, that God would avert from the Church the frightful sacrilege. The day came for the solemn entrance of Arius into the great church of Saint Sophia. The heresiarch and his party set out, elated, in triumph. But before he reached the church, death smote him in an exemplary, swift and terrible way, and the dreaded sacrilege was averted.

Saint Athanasius stood unmoved against four Roman emperors, was banished five times, was the butt of every insult, calumny and wrong the Arians could devise, and lived in constant peril of death. Though strong as diamond in defense of the Faith, he was meek and humble, pleasant and winning in conversation, beloved by his flock, unwearied in labors, prayer and mortifications, eloquent in speech, and unsurpassed in zeal for souls. From his places of exile he wrote many great works for the instruction and strengthening of his flock, writings rich in thought and learning, clear, keen and stately in expression. He is honored as one of the greatest of the Doctors of the Church.

His admirers told the story of his response to a search party pursuing him downstream, as he retreated by boat. Knowing of their approach, he ordered the captain to change direction and return. When he crossed the search party on the river, they hailed him and asked whether he had seen the bishop of Alexandria pass by. He replied, "Continue; he is not far from here." Restored to his see by the emperor Valens for fear of a popular uprising, the stormy life of the Saint closed in peace on May 2nd of the year 373.

†

May 1st: Sts. Philip and James, Apostles

St. Philip

St. James the Lesser

Sts. Philip and James New Catholic Book
True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary by St. Louis Marie de Monfort The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who dost gladden us by the yearly festival of Philip and James Thy Apostles: grant, we beseech Thee, that as we rejoice in their merits, so we may be taught by their example. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Philip was one of the first chosen disciples of Christ. On the way from Judea to Galilee Our Lord found Philip, and said, "Follow Me" Philip straightway obeyed; and then in his zeal and charity sought to win Nathaniel also, saying, "We have found Him of Whom Moses and the prophets did write, Jesus of Nazareth;" and when Nathaniel in wonder asked, "Can any good come out of Nazareth?" Philip simply answered, "Come and see," and brought him to Jesus. Another characteristic saying of this apostle is preserved for us by St. John. Christ in His last discourse had spoken of His Father; and Philip exclaimed, in the fervor of his thirst for God, "Lord, show us the Father, and it is enough"

St. James the Less, the author of an inspired epistle, was also one of the Twelve. St. Paul tells us that he was favored by a special apparition of Christ after the Resurrection. On the dispersion of the apostles among the nations, St. James was left as Bishop of Jerusalem; and even the Jews held in such high veneration his purity, mortification, and prayer, that they named him the Just. The earliest of Church historians has handed down many traditions of St. James's sanctity.

He was always a virgin, says Hegesippus, and consecrated to God. He drank no wine, wore no sandals on his feet, and but a single garment on his body. He prostrated himself so much in prayer that the skin of his knees was hardened like a camel's hoof. The Jews, it is said, used out of respect to touch the hem of his garment. He was indeed a living proof of his own words, "The wisdom that is from above first indeed is chaste, then peaceable, modest, full of mercy and good fruits." He sat beside St. Peter and St. Paul at the Council of Jerusalem; and when St. Paul at a later time escaped the fury of the Jews by appealing to Caesar, the people took vengeance on James, and crying, "The just one hath erred," stoned him to death.

Reflection--The Church commemorates on the same day Sts. Philip and James, whose bodies lie side by side at Rome. They represent to us two aspects of Christian holiness. The first preaches faith, the second works; the one holy aspirations, the other purity of heart.

†

April 30th: St. Catherine of Siena, Virgin

St. Catherine of Siena Part 3: Temptations and the
Devils who Tempt New Catholic Book
True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary by St. Louis Marie de Monfort The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, we beseech Thee, Almighty God: that we who celebrate the festival of blessed Catharine, Thy Virgin, may rejoice at her yearly festival and profit by the example of so great a virtue. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Catherine, the daughter of a humble tradesman, was raised up to be the guide and guardian of the Church in one of the darkest periods of its history, the fourteenth century. As a child, prayer was her delight. She would say the "Hail Mary" on each step as she mounted the stairs, and was granted in reward a vision of Christ in glory. When but seven years old, she made a vow of virginity, and afterwards endured bitter persecution for refusing to marry. Our Lord gave her His Heart in exchange for her own, communicated her with His own hands, and stamped on her body the print of His wounds. At the age of fifteen she entered the Third Order of St. Dominic, but continued to reside in her father's shop, where she united a life of active charity with the prayer of a contemplative Saint. From this obscure home the seraphic virgin was summoned to defend the Church's cause. Armed with Papal authority, and accompanied by three confessors, she travelled through Italy, reducing rebellious cities to the obedience of the Holy See, and winning hardened souls to God.

In the face well-nigh of the whole world she sought out Gregory XI. at Avignon, brought him back to Rome, and by her letters to the kings and queens of Europe made good the Papal cause. She was the counsellor of Urban VI., and sternly rebuked the disloyal cardinals who had part in electing an antipope. Long had the holy virgin foretold the terrible schism which began ere she died. Day and night she wept and prayed for unity and peace. But the devil excited the Roman people against the Pope, so that some sought the life cf Christ's Vicar. With intense earnestness did St. Catherine beg Our Lord to prevent this enormous crime. In spirit she saw the whole city full of demons tempting the people to resist and even slay the Pope. The seditious temper was subdued by Catherine's prayers; but the devils vented their malice by scourging the Saint herself, who gladly endured all for God and His Church. She died at Rome, in 1380, at the age of thirty-three.

†

April 29th: St. Peter of Verona, Marytr

New Catholic Book
True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary by St. Louis Marie de Monfort St. Peter the Martyr The Value of Time by St. Alphonsus Liguori The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, we beseech thee, Almighty God: that we may follow the faith of blessed Peter Thy Martyr with befitting devotion; who for the spreading of the same faith was found worthy to win the palm of martyrdom. Through Our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

In 1205 the glorious martyr Peter was born at Verona of heretical parents. He went to a Catholic school, and his Manichean uncle asked what he learnt. "The Creed," answered Peter; "I believe in God, Creator of heaven and earth." No persuasion could shake his faith, and at fifteen he received the habit from St. Dominic himself at Bologna. After ordination, he preached to the heretics of Lombardy, and converted multitudes. St. Peter was constantly obliged to dispute with heretics, and although he was able to confound them, still the devil took occasion thence to tempt him once against faith. Instantly he had recourse to prayer before an image of Our Lady, and heard a voice saying to him the words of Jesus Christ in the Gospel, "I have prayed for thee, Peter, that thy faith may not fail; and thou shalt confirm thy brethren in it."

Once when exhorting a vast crowd under the burning sun, the heretics defied him to procure shade. He prayed, and a cloud overshadowed the audience. In spite of his sanctity, he was foully slandered and even punished for immorality. He submitted humbly, but complained in prayer to Jesus crucified. The crucifix spoke, "And I, Peter, what did I do?" Every day, as he elevated at Mass the precious blood, he prayed, "Grant, Lord, that I may die for Thee, Who for me didst die." His prayer was answered. The heretics, confounded by him, sought his life. Two of them attacked him as he was returning to Milan, and struck his head with an axe. St. Peter fell, commended himself to God, dipped his finger in his own blood, and wrote on the ground, "I believe in God, Creator of heaven and earth." They then stabbed him in the side, and he received his crown.

Reflection--From a boy St. Peter boldly professed his faith among heretics. He spent his life in preaching the faith to heretics, and received the glorious and long-desired crown of martyrdom from heretics. We are surrounded by heretics. Are we courageous, firm, zealous, full of prayer for their conversion, unflinching in our profession of faith?

†

April 28th: St. Paul of the Cross, Confessor

St. Mark, Evangelist St. Paul of the Cross The Mystery of Paschal Time Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O Lord Jesus Christ, Who didst endow holy Paul with singular charity in preaching the mystery of the Cross, and wast pleased that through him a new family should flourish in the Church: grant, through his intercession, that we who continually recall the memory of Thy Passion while we are on earth, may be deemed worthy to receive the fruit of it in heaven. Who livest etc.

(Roman Breviary)

The eighty-one years of this Saint's life were modelled on the Passion of Jesus Christ. In his childhood, when praying in church, a heavy bench fell on his foot, but the boy took no notice of the bleeding wound, and spoke of it as "a rose sent from God." A few years later, the vision of a scourge with "love" written on its lashes assured him that his thirst for penance would be satisfied. In the hope of dying for the faith, he enlisted in a crusade against the Turks; but a voice from the Tabernacle warned him that he was to serve Christ alone, and that he should found a congregation in His honor. At the command of his bishop he began while a layman to preach the Passion, and a series of crosses tried the reality of his vocation. All his first companions, save his brother, deserted him; the Sovereign Pontiff refused him an audience; and it was only after a delay of seventeen years that the Papal approbation was obtained, and the first house of the Passionists was opened on Monte Argentario, the spot which Our Lady had pointed out.

St. Paul chose as the badge of his Order a heart with three nails, in memory of the sufferings of Jesus, but for himself he invented a more secret and durable sign. Moved by the same holy impulse as Blessed Henry Suso, St. Jane Frances, and other Saints, he branded on his side the Holy Name, and its characters were found there after death. His heart beat with a supernatural palpitation, which was especially vehement on Fridays, and the heat at times was so intense as to scorch his shirt in the region of his heart. Through fifty years of incessant bodily pain, and amidst all his trials, Paul read the love of Jesus everywhere, and would cry out to the flowers and grass, "Oh! be quiet, be quiet," as if they were reproaching him with ingratitude. He died whilst the Passion was being read to him, and so passed with Jesus from the cross to glory.

April 28th: St. Vitalis, Martyr

Saint Vitalis was a first century Christian citizen of Milan and the father of the twin brothers and future martyrs, Saints Gervasius and Protasius. He is the principal patron of Ravenna, where he was martyred.

Divine providence had conducted him to that city, where he saw come before the tribunal there a Christian physician named Ursicinus, who had been tortured and who then was condemned to lose his head for his faith. Suddenly the captive grew terrified at the thought of death, and seemed ready to yield. Vitalis was extremely moved by this spectacle. He knew his double obligation to prefer the glory of God and the eternal salvation of his neighbor to his own corporal life; he therefore boldly and successfully encouraged Ursicinus to triumph over death, saying, "Ursicinus, you who cured others would want to drive into your soul the dagger of eternal death? Do not lose the crown the Lord has prepared for you!" Ursicinus was touched; he knelt down and asked the executioner to strike him. After his martyrdom Saint Vitalis carried away his body and respectfully interred it.

Saint Vitalis now resigned his post as judiciary assistant to Paulinus, who had been absent on the occasion of the sentence of Ursinius. Paulinus had his former assistant apprehended, and after having him tortured, commanded that if he refused to sacrifice to the gods, he be buried alive, which sentence was carried out. Afterwards, his wife Valeria, as she was on her way from Ravenna to Milan, was beaten by peasants because she refused to join them in an idolatrous festival and riot. She died two days later in Milan, and is also honored as a martyr and Saint. Gervasius and Protasius, their sons, sold their heritage and for ten years before their own martyrdom, lived a penitential life of prayer.

Prayer
by Father Prosper Gueranger

Sin is the enemy of the soul; it throws her back again into that death, whence Jesus had drawn her by his Resurrection. To preserve one of thy brethren from this misery, thou, O Vitalis, bravely raisedst a cry of zealous warning to him in the midst of his torments, and thy words awakened him to self-possession and courage. Show this same fraternal charity to us. We are living with the Life of our Risen Jesus; but the enemy is bent on robbing us of this Life. He will seek to intimidate us; he will lay all manner of snares wherewith to deceive us; he will give us battle, and this untiringly. Pray then for us, O holy Martyr, that we may be on our guard, and that the mystery of the Pasch may be fully accomplished within us, now and for ever!

†

April 27th: Low Sunday

Sermons: Low Sunday The Spiritual Resurrection Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

Grant, we beseech Thee, Almighty God, that we who have been celbrating the Paschal Festivities, may, through Thy bounty, ever retain their effect, both in life and in conversation. Through our Lord, etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Meditation for Low Sunday

How Christ appeared to His Disciples in the Cenacle (John xx.)

First Point.--Consider how to Christ no door is shut, and how where evil could not find admittance good entered. For the disciples being assembled in the Cenacle, the doors well closed for fear of the Jews, Christ arisen and glorious entered, and placed Himself in their midst, like the sun in the centre of the heavens, illuminating and gladdening their hearts with the light of His Resurrection and the sweetness of His words. Consider the benignity of the Saviour, the love He bears His chosen ones, the care He takes to console them in their sorrows, and how for this purpose He multiplies miracles, making use of the subtility that He enjoyed in His glorious Body to enter through closed doors. Rejoice to have such a Lord and Master, and place great confidence in His love and providence; beg of Him to visit thee in thine afflictions and troubles, and to console and strengthen thee as He did His apostles and disciples.

Second Point.--Ponder how in this visit Christ placed Himself in the centre of that congregation; for He desires to be in the midst of His chosen ones, and in the centre of thy heart, making it His abode and resting-place. Empty it then of all earthly things, and offer it entirely to Him, that He may come unto thee, visit thee, console thee, and abide with thee. Ponder the extreme delight of all that holy company at beholding the glory of their Master and Redeemer; how all would approach to adore, reverence, and serve Him; with what love and caresses He would receive them, and reassure them against the fear they were in of the Jews who persecuted them. Approach thou also, adore and reverence thy Lord; beg of Him to bless thee, to give thee a share in the joy of His Resurrection, and to strengthen and encourage thee in His holy service.

Third Point.--Consider how He showed them the sacred wounds of His Hands, Feet, and Side, which in His glorified Body must have shone more brightly than the stars of heaven, thus increasing His beauty. See how He prides Himself on having suffered for thee, that thou mayst place thy pride in suffering for Him; and behold how the affronts and wounds suffered in this world for the glory of God and the good of souls are in the next turned into diamonds and precious stones of glory, honour, and beauty. O Lord! would that I might suffer affronts, stripes, wounds, insults, and death for Thee as Thou didst endure them for me! Beg of the Lord this favour, and encourage thyself by His example to suffer with joy for His love whatever may befall thee..

Fourth Point.--Consider how the Evangelist St. John says that He then breathed on them, and gave them the Holy Ghost for the remission of sins, not contenting Himself with the great happiness He gave them in making them participators of the glory of His Resurrection, but giving them at the same time the fulness of the Holy Spirit for the forgiveness of sins. Especially for this did Christ come into the world, for this He sent His disciples, not to punish but to forgive sins, and for this did He communicate to them the Holy Ghost. Oh, that He would come into our souls, and give us this gift of gifts of His Holy Spirit! Beg of Him to come into thine, and to do thee this favour, pardoning thee thy sins with the liberality with which He pardoned the apostles, giving them the very breath of His mouth. O Lord, that Thou wouldst give me strength with Thy breath, the pardon of my sins, and grace to abide in Thy favour; this I beg, this I entreat; hold me in Thy hand that I may never offend Thee more.

April 27th: St. Peter Canisius, Confessor and Doctor of the Church

St. Peter Canisius

O God, Who for the defense of the Catholic faith didst endow blessed Peter Thy Confessor with virtue and learning: mercifully grant that by his example and teaching, the hearts of those who have gone astray may return to the way of salvation and the souls of the faithful may remain steadfast in the confession of the truth. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Born in 1521 of a distinguished family of Holland, Saint Peter Canisius studied in Cologne and received his license as doctor of civil law; he then went to Louvain (Belgium) to learn canon law. These studies followed close upon the days when Luther had burnt the papal bulls at Wittenberg, Germany. Soon Saint Peter, become a Jesuit, was teaching at the University of Cologne; he was there when the unfortunate archbishop of that city fell into the new heresy. The Catholics who desired to depose him needed a deputy to the emperor to present their request, and Saint Peter was chosen.

His mission, seconded by the Holy Spirit, succeeded; and the deputy was remarked by a Cardinal, who desired to send him to the Council of Trent as his representative and theologian. Saint Peter's superior, Saint Ignatius of Loyola himself, approved this choice, and the young Jesuit took his place among the Fathers of the Council. He was commissioned to draft a memoir on the exact nature of the errors being propagated in the lands of the reform, in consort with the Pope's theologian, another Jesuit named Jacques Laynez. Their work was admired; the Council was dissolved soon afterwards, however, and Saint Peter was recalled to Rome by Saint Ignatius, to consult with him concerning the formation of the religious and the future of their Order.

Afterwards Saint Peter and two other Jesuits founded a college at Ingolstadt, going there with only two books in their baggage, the Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius and the famous Ratio Studiorum, or Plan of Studies of their Order. Saint Peter was named Rector of the University by that institution.

He was in demand everywhere; King Ferdinand of Rome obtained his presence for Vienna. A pestilence broke out there, and he was most often found at the bedside of the dying, caring for the bodies and regenerating the souls of the unfortunate citizens. He opened a boarding school for boys, and Vienna soon found itself reborn in the faith: the famous Catechism of Saint Peter Canisius had much to do with the renovation. During his lifetime it appeared in more than 200 editions, in at least twelve languages. It remains a monument of the triumph of the Church over error in the time of Luther.

Its author had tried to keep his name a secret but did not succeed, and then several nations disputed the honor of his presence. But Saint Peter was Provincial of Germany, named by Saint Ignatius, and he concerned himself above all with the colleges at Prague, Ingolstadt and Munich. Until his death in 1597 the Apostle of Germany continued the valiant and perpetual combat of the Church against error. For a long time forgotten, Saint Peter was canonized and declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius XI in 1927.

†

April 26th: Our Lady of Good Counsel (Celebrated in some places)

Saturday After Easter Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent Our Lady of Good Counsel: Prayers, Litany and Book, "The Virgin Mother of Good Counsel" The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary as Set Forth in Her Titles from the Litany of Loreto

During the afternoon of April 25, 1467, the inhabitants of the little town of Genezzano, in Italy, heard celestial music--music that seemed to descend from the cloudless heavens. And then they saw a snow-white cloud, high above the town's highest houses, from which cloud shone forth rays of the most dazzling light. The cloud came nearer gradually, and finally rested on the wall of a ruined chapel--the bells of the chapel's tower ringing out although it was apparent that no human hand had set them in motion, and every church bell in the town sounded as if in answer. Little by little the cloud cleared away, and where it had been now stood an image of Our Blessed Lady, smiling on the Divine Child in Her arms. The villagers of Genezzano could not but think that the image had come from Heaven itself. It had come from Albania, across the Adriatic Sea, however.

There, in the town of Scutari, this image of Our Lady--known then as the "Madonna of Scutari"--had miraculously appeared some two centuries before, and had been greatly venerated. For instance, the great Albanian, General Scanderbeg, openly declared that his victories over the Moslems were due to the Madonna of Scutari. When he died, the Moslems again threatened the country, and many Albanians sought safety in flight. Among them were two pious clients of Mary, Georgio and Sclavios by name, who went to visit their beloved Madonna just before their departure. As they knelt at Our Lady's shrine, they were astounded to see the image loosen itself from the wall, and, enveloped in a shining cloud, float out of the Church toward the sea. They followed. The image floated on over the sea, and the pious men stepped into the water and were borne up, without even trying to swim, till they reached the Italian shore. On land, they still followed the picture to the very gates of Rome, where the image disappeared. Nor did they see it again, until, having heard of its miraculous advent in Genezzano, they found it there, already rich in renown on account of the miracles wrought by its means, in the Augustinian Church where it still hangs today (its coloring not in the least tarnished or faded, by the way).

In 1862, the miraculous image was crowned, and the title of "Our Lady of Good Counsel" also dates back to the seventeenth century. From the time of the image's coming until this very day hundreds upon hundreds of miraculous cures and conversions have taken place at the shrine of Our Lady of Good Counsel, in Genezzano. Many indulgences are attached to membership in the sodality of Our Lady of Good Counsel, generally known as "The Pious Union."

April 26th: Sts. Cletus and Marcellinus, Popes and Martyrs

O eternal Shepherd, watch over the peace of Thy flock, and through blessed Cletus and Marcellinus, Thy Martyrs and Sovereign Pontiffs, whom Thou didst appoint shepherds over the whole Church, keep her under thy constant protection. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Cletus was the third Bishop of Rome, and succeeded St. Linus, which circumstance alone shows his eminent virtue among the first disciples of St. Peter in the West. He sat twelve years, from 76 to 89. The canon of the Roman Mass, Bede, and other martyrologists, style him a martyr. He was buried near St. Linus, in the Vatican, and his relics still remain in that church.

St. Marcellinus succeeded St. Coins in the bishopric of Rome in 296, about the time that Diocletian set himself up for a deity, and impiously claimed divine honors. In those stormy times of persecution Marcellinus acquired great glory. He sat in St. Peter's chair eight years, three months, and twenty-five days, dying in 304, a year after the cruel persecution broke out, in which he gained much honor. He has been styled a martyr, though his blood was not shed in the cause of religion.

Reflection--It is a fundamental maxim of the Christian morality, and a truth which Christ has established in the clearest terms and in innumerable passages of the Gospel, that the cross or sufferings and mortification are the road to eternal bliss. They, therefore, who lead not here a crucified and mortified life are unworthy ever to possess the unspeakable joys of His kingdom. Our Lord Himself, our model and our he-ad, walked in this path, and His great Apostle puts us in mind that He entered into bliss only by His blood and by the cross.

†

April 25th: St. Mark,
the Evangelist

St. Mark, Evangelist Easter Friday Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who by Thy grace didst raise up blessed Mark the Evangelist to be a preacher of the gospel: grant, we beseech Thee, that we may both profit by his teaching and be defended by his prayers. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Mark was converted to the Faith by the Prince of the Apostles, whom he afterwards accompanied to Rome, acting there as his secretary or interpreter. When St. Peter was writing his first epistle to the churches of Asia, he affectionately joins with his own salutation that of his faithful companion, whom he calls "my son Mark." The Roman people entreated St. Mark to put in writing for them the substance of St. Peter's frequent discourses on Our Lord's life. This the Evangelist did under the eye and with the express sanction of the apostle, and every page of his brief but graphic gospel so bore the impress of St. Peter's character, that the Fathers used to name it "Peter's Gospel."

St. Mark was now sent to Egypt to found the Church of Alexandria. Here his disciples became the wonder of the world for their piety and asceticism, so that St. Jerome speaks of St. Mark as the father of the anchorites, who at a later time thronged the Egyptian deserts. Here, too, he set up the first Christian school, the fruitful mother of many illustrious doctors and bishops. After governing his see for many years, St. Mark was one day seized by the heathen, dragged by ropes over stones, and thrown into prison. On the morrow the torture was repeated, and having been consoled by a vision of angels and the voice of Jesus, St. Mark went to his reward.

It is to St. Mark that we owe the many slight touches which often give such vivid coloring to the Gospel scenes, and help us to picture to ourselves the very gestures and looks of our blessed Lord. It is he alone who notes that in the temptation Jesus was "with the beasts;" that He slept in the boat "on a pillow;" that He "embraced" the little children. He alone preserves for us the commanding words "Peace, be still!" by which the storm was quelled; or even the very sounds of His voice, the "Ephpheta" and "Talitha cumi," by which the dumb were made to speak and the dead to rise. So, too, the "looking round about with anger," and the "sighing deeply," long treasured in the memory of the penitent apostle, who was himself converted by his Saviour's look, are here recorded by his faithful interpreter.

Reflection.--Learn from St. Mark to keep the image of the Son of man ever before your mind, and to ponder every syllable which fell from His lips.

†

April 24th: St. Fidelis,
Martyr and Easter Thursday

St. Fidelis, Martyr Easter Thursday Eastertide Prayers The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

O God, Who didst vouchsafe to inflame the soul of blessed Fidelis with seraphic fervor, and to adorn him with the palm of martyrdom and with glorious miracles, in spreading the true faith: we beseech Thee, through his merits and intercession to strengthen us in faith and love by Thy grace, that we may be worthy to be found faithful in Thy service even unto death. Through our Lord etc.

St. Fidelis was born at Sigmaringen in 1577, of noble parents. In his youth he frequently approached the sacraments, visited the sick and the poor, and spent moreover many hours before the altar. For a time he followed the legal profession, and was remarkable for his advocacy of the poor and his respectful language towards his opponents. Finding it difficult to become both a rich lawyer and a good Christian, Fidelis entered the Capuchin Order, and embraced a life of austerity and prayer. Hair shirts, iron-pointed girdles, and disciplines were penances too light for his fervor; and being filled with a desire of martyrdom, he rejoiced at being sent to Switzerland by the newly-founded Congregation of Propaganda, and braved every peril to rescue souls from the diabolical heresy of Calvin.

When preaching at Sevis he was fired at by a Calvinist, but the fear of death could not deter him from proclaiming divine truth. After his sermon he was waylaid by a body of Protestants headed by a minister, who attacked him and tried to force him to embrace their so-called reform. But he said, "I came to refute your errors, not to embrace them; I will never renounce Catholic doctrine, which is the truth of all ages, and I fear not death." On this they fell upon him with their poignards, and the first martyr of Propaganda went to receive his palm.

Reflection--We delight in decorating the altars of God with flowers, lights, and jewels, and it is right to do so; but if we wish to offer to God gifts of higher value, let us, in imitation of St. Fidelis, save the souls who but for us would be lost; for so we shall offer Him, as it were, the jewels of paradise.

Prayer:

How truly couldst thou, O Fidelis! say with the Apostle: I have finished my course (II. Tim. iv. 7)! Yea, thy death was even more beautiful than thy life, holy as that was. How admirable the calmness wherewith thou receivedst death! how grand the joy wherwith thou didst welcome the blows of thine enemies, thine, because they were those of the Church! Thy dying prayer, like Stephen's, was for them; for the Catholic, while he hates heresy, must love the heretics who put him to death. Pray, O holy Martyr, for the children of the Church. Obtain for them an appreciation of the value of Faith, and of the favour of God bestowed on them when he made them members of the true Church. May they be on their guard against the many false doctrines, which are now current through the world. May they not be shaken by the scandals which abound in this our age of effeminacy and pride.

It is Faith that is to bring us to our Risen Jesus: and He urges us to it by the words he addressed to Thomas: Blessed are they that have not seen, and have believed (St. John, xx. 29)! Of this number we wish to be; and therefore is it, that we cling to the Church, the sovereign mistress of Faith. We wish to believe her, and not Human Reason, which has neither the power to fathom the Word of God, nor the right to sit in judgment over it. Jesus has willed, that this holy Faith should come down to us bearing on itself the strengthening testimony of the Martyrs; and each age has had its Martyrs. Glory to thee, O Fidelis, who didst win thy palm by combating the errors of the pretended Reformation! Take a Martyr's revenge, and pray without ceasing, to our Jesus, that he would bring all heretics back to the Faith and to union with the Church. They are our Brethren by Baptism; pray for them, that they may return to the Fold, and that we may one day celebrate with them the true Paschal Banquet, wherein the Lamb of God gives himself to be our food, not figuratively, as in the Old Law, but really and truly, as becometh the New Covenant.

†

April 23rd: St. George,
Martyr

St. George, Martyr Novena to the 14 Holy Helpers Easter Wednesday

O God, Who dost gladden us by the merits and intercession of blessed George Thy Martyr: grant in Thy mercy, that we who beg for Thy blessings through him may obtain them by the gift of Thy grace. Through our Lord etc.

St. George was born in Cappadocia, at the close of the third century, of Christian parents. In early youth he chose a soldier's life, and soon obtained the favor of Diocletian, who advanced him to the grade of tribune. When, however, the emperor began to persecute the Christians, George rebuked him at once sternly and openly for his cruelty, and threw up his commission. He was in consequence subjected to a lengthened series of torments, and finally beheaded. There was something so inspiring in the defiant cheerfulness of the young soldier, that every Christian felt a personal share in this triumph of Christian fortitude.

As years rolled on St. George became a type of successful combat against evil, the slayer of the dragon, the darling theme of camp song and story, until "so thick a shade his very glory round him made" that his real lineaments became hard to trace. Even beyond the circle of Christendom he was held in honor, and invading Saracens taught themselves to except from desecration the image of him they hailed as the "White-horsed Knight." The devotion to St. George is one of the most ancient and widely spread in the Church. In the East, a church of St. George is ascribed to Constantine, and his name is invoked in the most ancient liturgies; whilst in the West, Malta, Barcelona, Valencia, Arragon, Genoa, and England have chosen him as their patron.

Reflection--"What shall I say of fortitude, without which neither wisdom nor justice is of any worth? Fortitude is not of the body, but is a constancy of soul; wherewith we are conquerors in righteousness, patiently bear all adversities, and in prosperity are not puffed up. This fortitude he lacks who is overcome by pride, anger, greed, drunkenness, and the like. Neither have they fortitude who when in adversity make shift to escape at their souls� expense; wherefore the Lord saith, 'Fear not those who kill the body, but cannot kill the soul.' In like manner those who are puffed up in prosperity and abandon themselves to excessive joviality cannot be called strong. For how can they be called strong who cannot hide and repress the heart's emotion? Fortitude is never conquered, or if conquered, is not fortitude."--St. Bruno.

Prayer:

Thou, O George, art the glorious type of a Christian Soldier. Whilst serving under an earthly Monarch, thou didst not forget thy duty to the King of heaven. Thou didst shed thy blood for the faith of Christ; and he, in return, appointed thee Protector of Christian Armies. Be their defender in battle, and bless with victory them that fight in a just cause. Protect them under the shadow of thy standard; cover them with thy shield; make them the terror of their enemies. Our Lord is the God of Hosts; and He frequently uses War as the instrument of His designs, both of justice and mercy. They alone win true victory, who have heaven on their side; and these, when on the battle-field, seem to the world to be doing the work of man, whereas it is the work of God they are furthering. Hence are they more generous, because more religious, than other men. The sacrifices they have to make, and the dangers they have to face, teach them unselfishness. What wonder, then, that Soldiers have given so many Martyrs to the Church!

But there is another warfare, in which we Christians are all enlisted, and of which St. Paul speaks, when he says: Labour as a good Soldier of Christ; for no man is crowned save he that striveth lawfully (II. Tim. ii. 5). That we have thus to strive and fight during our life, the same Apostle assures us of it in these words : Take unto you the Armour of God, that ye may be able to resist in the evil day, and to stand in all things perfect. Stand, therefore, having your loins girt about with truth, and having on the Breastplate of justice, and your feet shod with the preparation of the Gospel of peace. In all things taking the Shield of Faith, wherewith ye may be able to extinguish all the fiery darts of the most wicked one. And take unto you the Helmet of the hope of salvation, and the Sword of the spirit, which is the word of God (Eph. vi. 13, 17). We, then, are Soldiers, as thou wast, O holy Martyr! Before ascending into heaven, our divine Leader wishes to review His troops; do thou present us to Him. He has loaded us with honours, notwithstanding our past disloyalties; we must, henceforth, prove ourselves worthy of our position. In the Paschal Communion which we have received, we have a pledge of victory; how can we ever be so base, as to permit ourselves to be conquered! Watch over us, O sainted Warrior! Let thy prayers and example encourage us to fight against the dragon of hell. He dreads the Armour we wear; for it is Jesus Himself that prepared it for us, and tempered it in his own precious Blood: oh ! that, like thee, we may present it to Him whole and entire, when He calls us to our eternal rest.

†

April 22nd: Easter Tuesday and Sts. Soter and Caius, Popes, Martyrs

Easter Tuesday Paschal Time

Saint Soter was raised to the papacy upon the death of Saint Anicetus in 161. By the sweetness of his discourses he comforted all afflicted persons with the tenderness of a father, and assisted the indigent with liberal alms, especially those who suffered for the Faith. He liberally extended his charities, according to the custom of his predecessors, to remote churches. He aided in particular that of Corinth, to which he addressed an excellent letter. Saint Dionysius of Corinth in his letter of thanks to Saint Soter, adds that the Pontifical letter together with the letter of Saint Clement, Pope, was read for the edification of the faithful on Sundays, during their assemblies to celebrate the divine mysteries.

One of Saint Soter�s ordinances required all Christians except those in public penance to receive Communion on Holy Thursday. Saint Soter vigorously opposed the heresy of Montanus, and governed the Church up to the year 170. He was martyred on April 22, 170, under the emperor Marcus Aurelius, and buried on the Appian Way in the cemetery of Callixtus.

Pope Saint Caius, born in Dalmatia, was a relative of the emperor Diocletian. The cruel emperor did not for that reason spare him or his family during the bloody persecution of the years 283 to 296, during which the Christians of Rome were obliged to conceal themselves in caverns and cemeteries.

Saint Caius counseled a patrician named Chromatius to receive the tracked disciples of Christ in his country residence. He himself went to visit them on a Sunday, and said to the faithful assembled there that Our Lord Jesus Christ, knowing the fragility of human nature, established two degrees in the practice of Christianity, confession and martyrdom. Our Saviour did so, he said, �so that those who do not believe they could stand up under torment, may nonetheless conserve the grace of the faith by their confession.� Our Lord had indeed specified, "When you are persecuted in one city, flee to another . . ." Then he said, "Those who wish to stay in the house of Chromatius, remain with Tiburtius, while those who prefer to return with me to the city, come." Several followed him back to Rome; among them are the martyrs of the same persecution, the brothers Saints Marcus and Marcellinus, and Saint Sebastian.

Saint Caius himself received the crown of martyrdom in the final year of the persecution, 296, and was buried in the cemetery of Callixtus, where his body was found in 1622, with an inscription identifying him as Vicar of Christ.

†

April 21st, Easter Monday and St. Anselm

Easter Monday Paschal Time St. Anselm

O God, Who by the Paschal solemnity hast given Thy healing remedies to the world, continue, we beseech Thee, to pour forth Thy heavenly gift on Thy people, that they may deserve to attain perfect liberty, and go forward to life everlasting. Through our Lord, etc.

Easter Monday:
The Wonderful Prerogatives
of Our Lord's Glorified Body

1st Prel: Represent to yourself the glorified body of Jesus.

2d Prel: Ask for grace to comprehend the perfections of our

Lord's glorified body, and to have our share in them with Him on the great day of the Resurrection.

Point I: The Immortality and Impassibility of Our Lord's Body

Consideration.-- As soon as our Lord's soul was reunited to His body, the latter received the property of impassibility. This body, formerly subject to all human infirmities -- cold, hunger, weariness, the pains and sorrows of death -- became absolutely impassible and immortal; "Mors illi ultra non dominabitur." "Death shall no more have dominion over Him." (Rom. 6:9.)

Application.-- How had Jesus, as man, merited such glorious gifts? By His death and sufferings, endured for His Father's glory and man's salvation.. We shall receive the same gifts on the like conditions; therefore, why should we so greatly fear death? Let us sanctify our sufferings by accepting them, as well as death itself, with entire resignation to the will of our Heavenly Father, offering them up in expiation of our sins, and those of others, after the example of our Divine Lord. The more we suffer with Him, the larger our share in the wonderful perfections of His glorified body. Happy the Christian, happy the religious, who bears this in mind! How great will be his courage, how perfect his submission, under every affliction! Let us endeavor so to live that we may be of this happy number.

Affections.-- Make acts of faith in these consoling truths. Ask of God the grace to have them ever present to your mind.

Resolutions.-- In all hardship and bodily suffering, I will bear in mind these words of the Apostle: "We look for the Saviour, our Lord Jesus Christ, who will reform the body of our lowness, made like to the body of His glory." (Philip. 3 : 20, 21.)

Point II: The Spirituality and Agility of Our Lord's Glorified Body

Consideration.-- A spiritual body is one that has spiritual properties, such as the power of penetrating matter, of passing at a single act of the will from one place to another, at whatever distance; how, or in what way, we can not comprehend, much less explain. Nevertheless, such were the properties of our Lord's glorified body. He proved that He possessed them by appearing several times in the midst of the disciples, as St. John relates, although "cum fores erant clausae, propter metum Judaeorum." "The doors were shut, for fear of the Jews." (St. John 20: 19.)

Application.-- Such, again, will be the perfection of the glorified bodies of the just after the resurrection, and for all eternity in heaven. I shall one day partake of them; the hope and assurance of it are given to me by St. Paul in these words, "Seminatur corpus animale, surget corpus spirituale." "It is sown a natural body, it shall rise a spiritual body." (1. Cor. 15:44;) provided that I endeavor to live a spiritual life. "Si facta carnis mortificaveritis." "If by the spirit you mortify the deeds of the flesh, you shall live," (Rom. 8: 13,) as the Apostle St. Paul expresses it. Does my conscience testify that I have done this?

Affections.-- I will rejoice from my heart, and endeavor to animate my devotion by dwelling on these pious and consoling considerations suggested by the mysteries of the Paschal time.

Resolutions.-- I will ask myself frequently in the words of Thomas a Kempis: "To what end camest thou hither? Was it not that thou mightest become a spiritual man?" (Imit. i. Book, xxv.)

Point III: The Lucidity of Our Lord's Glorified Body

Consideration.--Those that would walk securely in the dark must provide themselves with a light. For Jesus risen there is no more darkness. His glorified body is its own light. The splendors of His divinity, flowing from His soul to His body, have made Him more radiant than the sun at noonday. The Apostles had once before seen something of this glory, on the day of His transfiguration.

Application.-- If I share the resurrection of the just, such will also be the radiance of my body; the more brilliant in proportion to the mortifications to which it has been subjected, and the labors it has endured for the glory of God and the salvation of souls.

Colloquy with God the Father. Thank Him for the privileges granted to the humanity of the Incarnate Word, our beloved Saviour. Beg of Him grace to prepare yourself for impassibility and immortality by invincible constancy in your good resolutions; for spirituality and agility by facility and promptitude in penetrating the mysteries of faith and the secrets of the spiritual life; and in fine, for lucidity by the light of good example and edification.

O God, Who didst give blessed Anselm to be a minister of eternal salvation to Thy people: grant, we beseech Thee, that we Who have had him on earth as Teacher of life, may be advocate in heaven. Through our Lord etc.

St. Anselm was a native of Piedmont. When a boy of fifteen, being forbidden to enter religion, he for a while lost his fervor, left his home, and went to various schools in France. At length his vocation revived, and he became a monk at Bec in Normandy. The fame of his sanctity in this cloister led William Rufus, when dangerously ill, to take him for his confessor, and to name him to the vacant see of Canterbury. Now began the strife of Anselm's life. With new health the king relapsed into his former sins, plundered the Church lands, scorned the archbishop's rebukes, and forbade him to go to Rome for the pallium. Anselm went, and returned only to enter into a more bitter strife with William's successor, Henry I. This sovereign claimed the right of investing prelates with the ring and crozier, symbols of the spiritual jurisdiction which belongs to the Church alone.

The worldly prelates did not scruple to call St. Anselm a traitor for his defence of the Pope's supremacy; on which the Saint rose, and with calm dignity exclaimed, "If any man pretends that I violate my faith to my king because I will not reject the authority of the Holy See of Rome, let him stand forth, and in the name of God I will answer him as I ought" No one took up the challenge; and to the disappointment of the king, the barons sided with the Saint, for they respected his courage, and saw that his cause was their own. Sooner than yield, the archbishop went again into exile, till at last the king was obliged to submit to the feeble but inflexible old man. In the midst of his harassing cares, St. Anselm found time for writings which have made him celebrated as the father of scholastic theology; while in metaphysics and in science he had few equals. He is yet more famous for his devotion to our blessed Lady, whose Feast of the Immaculate Conception he was the first to establish in the West. He died in 1109.

†

April 20th, Easter Sunday
Easter Blessings from
Catholic Harbor

Children's Sermon for Easter Sunday The Resurrection A Litany for Easter The Spiritual Resurrection Litany of the Resurrection Liturgical Year: Easter Sunday Easter Sunday Sermons Eastertide Prayers Resurrection Video Spiritual Communion

Paschal Time

Alleluia, or "Praise the Lord," is an expression of joy and hope for the eternal happiness which our Lord obtained for us by His glorious Resurrection. The Church sings Alleluia today, and often during the Octave, because Christ is risen from the grave, and as St. Augustine says, "We have left the grave of sin, and are ready to walk in the way of the divine commandments."

The Paschal Season commemorates the triumph of our Lord. It is an invitation to spiritual joy. As Christ arose from the dead so must we rise from coldness and indifference to a life of fervor and holiness. Christ offered Himself in complete holocaust on the Cross; we must offer ourselves completely to God through our risen Savior; risen with Christ, we must "seek the things that are above."

Christ promised the miracle of His Resurrection. Se fulfilled that promise, proving His Divinity and giving our faith a sure foundation. He could have ended His stay on earth with His Resurrection on Easter Sunday, but He preferred to remain among His beloved for forty days:

1. To strengthen their faith in the mystery of the Resurrection. "To them also He showed Himself alive after His Passion by many proofs, during forty days appearing to them and speaking of the kingdom of God." (Acts 1, 3.)

2. To stimulate the hope of universal resurrection as the consequence and fruit of His glorious Resurrection.

3. To console the faithful for their sorrow during His Passion and Death.

Since Christ rose from the dead, we know that He is the Son of God, His doctrine is divine. His Church is true, and we, as members of His Mystical Body, provided we are His true disciples, shall one day rise with glorified bodies. Easter is a day of gladness for all Christians, and their triumphant joy is given dramatic expression in the Sequence which follows the Gradual, the frequent alleluias, and the position of the Paschal Candle within the sanctuary throughout the Easter season.

"It is Christ Jesus Who died; yes, and rose again, He Who is at the right hand of God, Who also intercedes for us." Who, then, "shall separate us from the love of Christ?" (Rom. 8, 34f.)

Prayer:

O God, Who on this say, through Thy Only-begotten Son, didst overcome death, and open unto us the gate of everlasting Life: as, by Thy anticipating grace, Thou dost breath good desires into our hearts, so also, by Thy gracious help, bring them to good effect. Through the same, etc.

Sequence

O Christians, to the Paschal Victim bring: Of praise the sacrificial Offering. For the sheep the Lamb His Blood did shed: The sinless Christ in the sinners: stead: With God the guilty reconciling. The Life with Death did fiercely strive: Through dying the Leader now reigns alive.

O Mary, what did thy wond'ring eyes adore? "I saw the tomb of One Who dies no more! The glorious risen Lord was shown to me: The napkin, linen cloths there lying: I heard the angels testifying. Yes, Christ is ris'n and you shall see Thy Hope and mine in Galilee!"

We know that Christ rose from the grave: O conqu'ring King, us sinners save. Amen. Alleluia.

†

April 19th, Holy Saturday

Holy Saturday Meditation Holy Saturday 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas The Holy Hour Clock of the Passion Liturgical Commentary
for Good Friday Good Friday Sermons
by Fr. Weninger, 1876 Sermon by Bishop Ehrler:
The Greatest of All Sorrows The Death of Our Lord Passion of Christ The Greatest Suffering on Earth The Steps of Our Savior's Passion The Art of Dying Well by St. Robert Bellarmine

Litany of the Holy Cross Devotion to the Five
Wounds of Jesus Devotions and Litany of the Holy Face of Jesus 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas The Psalter of Jesus Stations of the Cross Seven Penitential Psalms Seven Sorrows of the
Blessed Virgin Mary I. Seven Sorrows of the
Blessed Virgin Mary II. Spiritual Communion Litany of Penance Litany of the Saints Joyful Mysteries Sorrowful Mysteries Glorious Mysteries

Video: O Sacred Head Surrounded Video: Stabat Mater

The Sacrament of Penance

April 18th, Good Friday

Devotions for Good Friday:

The hours of twelve noon through three o'clock in the afternoon of Good Friday are most solemn, as these are the hours our Lord Jesus Christ suffered and died on the cross for our redemption. The following links are recommended for devotions and readings during these hours.

Devotions and Prayers
for Good Friday: the Words of Jesus on the Cross The Holy Hour Clock of the Passion Liturgical Commentary
for Good Friday Good Friday Sermons
by Fr. Weninger, 1876 Sermon by Bishop Ehrler:
The Greatest of All Sorrows The Death of Our Lord Passion of Christ The Greatest Suffering on Earth The Steps of Our Savior's Passion The Art of Dying Well by St. Robert Bellarmine

Litany of the Holy Cross Devotion to the Five
Wounds of Jesus Devotions and Litany of the Holy Face of Jesus 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas The Psalter of Jesus Stations of the Cross Seven Penitential Psalms Seven Sorrows of the
Blessed Virgin Mary I. Seven Sorrows of the
Blessed Virgin Mary II. Spiritual Communion Litany of Penance Litany of the Saints Joyful Mysteries Sorrowful Mysteries Glorious Mysteries

Video: O Sacred Head Surrounded Video: Stabat Mater

The Sacrament of Penance

Sacrament of Penance The Sacrament of Penance, All of Your Questions Answered The Conversion of Sinners Penitent's Consolation Examination of Conscience Rite of Confession General Confession Contrition The Nature of Sin Conscience Index of the Ten Commandments Sermon on Keeping the 10 Commandments The Conversion of Sinners Time is No More They that Live in Sin The Sinner Seeks God The Sinner at Death The Necessity of Prayer for Sinners

Recommended Reading:

The Sinner's Guide by Ven. Louis of Granada, O.P. The Prodigal Son, the Sinner's Return to God St. Leonard of Port Maurice and the Stations of the Cross The Penitent Christian The Holy Ways of the Cross
by Henri Boudon, 1875 Introduction to a Devout Life
written by St. Francis De Sales

Please remember the departed souls of your family in your prayers today

Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory

Look down, we beseech Thee, O Lord, upon this Thy family: for which our Lord Jesus Christ hesitated not to be delivered up into the hands of wicked men and to undergo the torment of the Cross. Who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, one God, world without end. Amen.

(Roman Breviary)

This day was formerly for the Jewish people a day of preparation for Easter, and was called by them the Passover; for Christians it is the anniversary of the death and burial of our Lord Who on this day, being Himself both hight Priest and Victim, offered Himself upon the Cross for the salvation of the world.

Because Christ died for Jews and Gentiles, the first Lesson is from the Prophet Osee and the second Lesson is from Exodus. From them we infer that by the bloody death of the immaculate Lamb Jesus we are healed of our sins, and redeemed from death.

The second part of these Ceremonies consists of the unveiling and Adoration of the Cross. In the versicles which are chanted alternately by the choir, Christ tenderly and lovingly reproaches the people who crucified Him. They are, therefore, called reproaches, words of complaint, and continue during the Veneration of the Cross by the Priest.

The third part consists of the Procession and the Mass of the Presanctified. The Sacred Host consecrated on Holy Thursday and kept in the chalice is brought by the Priest in procession from the repository to the main Altar, incensed in sign of adoration. The Mass of the Presanctified begins now with the Pater Noster and ends with the Communion.

Crux Fidelis

Faithful Cross, thou stand'st alone, None like thee in our woods is grown, None can with thy rich growth compare, Or leaves like thine, or flowers bear, Sweet wood, sweet nails, both sweet and fair, Sweet is the precious weight ye bear.

Pange Lingua

Sing, my tongue, the Savior's glory,
Of His flesh the mystery sing;
Of His Blood, all price exceeding,
Shed by our immortal King,
Destined, for the world's redemption,
From a noble womb to spring.

Of a pure and spotless Virgin
Born for us on earth below,
He, as Man, with man conversing,
Stayed, the seeds of truth to sow;
Then He closed in solemn order,
Wondrously His life of woe.

On the night of that Last Supper,
Seated with His chosen band,
He the Pascal victim eating,
First fulfills the Law's command;
Then as Food to all His brethren,
Gives Himself with His own hand.

Word-made-Flesh, the bread of nature,
By His word to Flesh He turns;
Wine into His Blood He changes;
What though sense no change discerns,
Only be the heart in earnest,
Faith her lesson quickly learns.

Down in adoration falling,
Lo! the sacred Host we hail;
Lo! o'er ancient forms departing,
Newer rites of grace prevail;
Faith for all defects supplying,
Where the feeble senses fail.

To the everlasting Father,
And the Son who reigns on high,
With the Holy Ghost proceeding
Forth from Each eternally,
Be salvation, honor, blessing,
Might and endless majesty.
Amen. Alleluia.

†

April 17th, Maundy Thursday

Grant, we beseech Thee, almighty God: that we who are continually afflicted through our excesses, may be delivered by the Passion of Thy only-begotten Son: Who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, one God, world without end. Amen.

(Roman Breviary)

Liturgical Commentary: Maundy Thursday Holy Thursday Sermons
by Fr. Weninger, 1876
Newly Added
The Holy Hour The Sacrament of the
Holy Eucharist God the Teacher of Mankind: The Holy Sacrifice of the Mass, 1884 Behold the Lamb, A Book for Little Folks About the Holy Mass, 1912 The Sacrament of Holy Orders Why the Mass is in Latin On the Number of Sins, by St. Aphonsus Di Liguori Index for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Passion of Christ Clock of the Passion The Psalter of Jesus Prayers and Devotions for the Dying Spiritual Communion Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent Litany of Penance The Triumph of the Blessed Sacrament or Exorcism of Nicola Aubry, by Fr. Michael Muller To fight against Satan, The Medal or Cross of St. Benedict, by Prosper Gueranger

Holy Thursday:

The Mass today commemorates the institution of the Holy Eucharist and the Ordination of the Apostles. On this day only one Mass may be celebrated in each church at which two Hosts are consecrated, one of which is borne in procession to the Altar of Repose and placed in the repository to be used on the following day at the Mass of the Presanctified.

During the Mass, the Church lays aside for a moment the penitential purple, and assumes festive white vestments. The Altar is decorated and the Gloria is sung. The ringing of bells ceases after the Gloria until Holy Saturday, and after Vespers the Altars are stripped.

The Mandatum or Washing of the Feet takes place on this day because our Lord washed the feet of His Apostles before the institution of the Holy Eucharist from which this feast derives its name and most characteristic feature.

Meditation by:
St. Alphonsus De Ligouri

The Last Supper of Jesus

Jesus knowing that his hour was come to pass out of this world to the father; having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them unto the end. Knowing that the time of his death and departure from this world was come, and having hitherto loved men even to excess, he wished to give them the last and the greatest proof of his love. Behold him seated at table, all on fire with charity, turning to his disciples and saying, With desire I have desired to eat this Pasch with you? My disciples (and he then said the same to us all), know that I have desired nothing during my whole life but to eat this last supper with you; for after it I shall go to sacrifice my life for your salvation.

Then, O my Jesus, dost Thou desire so ardently to give Thy life for us, Thy miserable creatures? Ah! this Thy desire inflames our hearts with a desire to suffer and die for the love of Thee, since Thou dost condescend to suffer and die for the love of us. O beloved Redeemer, make known to us what Thou willest from us: we are willing to please Thee in all things. We sigh to give Thee pleasure, to correspond at least in part to Thy great love for us. Increase always more and more this blessed flame within us: may it make us forget the world and ourselves, that from this day forward we may think only of pleasing Thy enamored heart.

He riseth from supper, and layeth aside His garments, and having taken a towel girded Himself. After that He putteth water into a basin. and began to wash the feet of the disciples, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith He was girded? My soul, behold thy Jesus, rising from the table, laying aside his garments, taking a white cloth and girding himself with it; he afterwards puts water into a basin, kneels down before his disciples, add begins to wash their feet. Then the sovereign of the universe, the only-begotten of God, humbles himself so as to wash the feet of his creatures. O angels, what do you say? It would have been a great favor if Jesus Christ had permitted them, as he did Magdalene, to wash his divine feet with their tears. But no; he wished to place himself at the feet of his servants in order to leave us at the end of his life this great example of humility, and this proof of the great love that he bears to men.

And, O Lord, shall we be always so proud as not to be able to bear a word of contempt, or the smallest inattention, without instantly feeling resentment, and thinking of seeking revenge, after we had by our sins deserved to be trampled on by the devils in hell? Ah, my Jesus, Thy example has rendered humiliations and insults amiable to us. I purpose henceforth to bear every injury and affront for the love of Thee.

Institution of the Sacrament of Holy Communion

And whilst they were at supper, Jesus took bread and blessed and broke it, and gave to His disciples and said. Take ye and eat, this is My body. After the washing of the feet, an act of humility the practice of which Jesus recommended to his disciples, he took his garments, and, sitting down again to table, wished to give men the last proof of the tender love that he had for them, and that was the institution of the Most Holy Sacrament of the altar

He took for that purpose bread, consecrated it, broke it, and gave it to his disciples, saying. "Take and eat, this is my body." He then recommended them as often as they should communicate to remember the death which he suffered for their sake. As often as you shall eat this bread . . . you shall show the death of the Lord. Jesus Christ did then, what a dying prince who tenderly loved his spouse would do: he selects among all his gems and jewels the most beautiful and costly; he then calls his spouse and says to her, O my dear spouse, I am going to die; and, that thou mayest not forget me, I leave thee this gem as a memorial of me: when thou dost look at it, remember me and the love I have borne thee.

"No tongue," says St. Peter of Alcantara, in his meditations, "is able to express the greatness of the love which Jesus bears to every soul. Hence, that his absence might not be an occasion of forgetting Him, He left, before his departure from this world, to His spouse this Most Holy Sacrament, in which He Himself remained, wishing that between them there should be no other pledge than Himself to keep alive the remembrance of Him." We may then imagine how pleasing it is to Jesus Christ that we remember His Passion, since He has instituted the sacrament of the altar, that we may preserve a continual remembrance of the immense love which He has shown us in his death.

O my Jesus, O God enamored of souls! Has Thy affection for men enraptured Thee to such a degree as to make Thyself their food? Tell me what more remains for Thee to do in order to oblige us to love Thee? In . the Holy Communion Thou givest Thyself to us entirely and without reserve: it is then but just that we give our whole being unreservedly to Thee. I wish to be all Thine, I wish to love nothing but Thee, my God. Thou hast said that he who eats Thy flesh lives only for Thee. He that eateth Me, the same also shall live by Me. Since then Thou hast so often permitted me to eat Thy flesh, make me die to myself that I may live only for Thee, only to serve Thee, and give Thee pleasure. My Jesus, I wish to fix all my affections in Thee: assist me to be faithful to Thee.

St. Paul remarks the time in which Jesus Christ instituted this great sacrament, and says, The Lord Jesus, the same night in which He was betrayed, took bread, and giving thanks, broke, and said. Take ye and eat: this is My body. O God, on the very night in which men were preparing to put him to death, the loving Redeemer prepared for us this bread of life and of love to unite us entirely to himself, as he declared when he said, He that eateth My flesh abideth in Me, and I in him.

O love of my soul, worthy of infinite love! Thou canst not give greater proofs of Thy affection and tender love for me. Ah, draw me entirely to Thyself: if I know not how to give Thee my whole heart, take it Thou to Thyself. Ah, my Jesus, when shall I be all Thine, as Thou dost make Thyself all mine when I receive Thee in this sacrament of love? Ah, enlighten me, and unfold to me always more and more Thy amiable qualities, which render Thee so worthy of love, that I may be always more and more enamored of Thee, and may be wholly employed in pleasing Thee. I love Thee, O my sovereign good, my joy, my love, my all.

†

April 16th: Wednesday in Holy Week

Liturgical Commentary Wednesday in Holy Week On the Number of Sins, by St. Aphonsus Di Liguori Prayers Honoring the Passion and Death of Jesus Passion-tide and Holy Week Newly Updated
Clock of the Passion with Meditations from St. Alphonsus Liguori The Psalter of Jesus Prayers and Devotions for the Dying Spiritual Communion Index of Prayers and Devotions for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent

The History of Judas

Among the Apostles called by our Lord to be the first Bishops and pillars of His infant Church, was the traitor Judas Iscariot. This unhappy man was entrusted with the care of the purse, in which was placed the money intended to supply the necessary wants of Jesus Christ and His Apostles. Judas, unhappily, had a besetting sin, a bad passion, which he kept carefully concealed within his own breast. He strove to hide it from our Lord himself, but He well knew all that passed in the heart of the wretched man, and would have taught him how to fight against and overcome the temptation had he been, willing to own it. Thus it is that a false shame of mentioning our sins and temptations in confession is frequently the cause of the eternal ruin of the soul.

To return to Judas--the fatal passion which led him by degrees to his ruin was an ardent love for money. He kept the purse, and like a miser he gloated over the money that was in it, and began at first to hoard it as if it were his own. He next commenced to pilfer from it little sums to add to his own private store; by and by these sums became larger, and at last he became a confirmed thief. When the penitent Magdalen poured the precious ointment over the feet of our Blessed Redeemer, Judas took offense, and hypocritically said, "Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence and given to the poor?" But "he said this," the holy Scripture adds, "not because he cared for the poor, but because he was a thief, and having the purse, carried the things that were put therein" (John XII. 5, &c.).

Blinded by his passion for money, the wretched man next agreed to betray his Master, his Saviour and his God, into the hands of his blood-thirsty enemies, for the miserable bribe of thirty pieces of silver. Leading a band of ruffians into the Garden of Olives, where our Blessed Redeemer was weeping for the sins of men at the silent hour of night, Judas, with barefaced effrontery, went up to our Lord and saluted him with a kiss; having previously warned the Jews, "Whomsoever I shall kiss, that is he, hold him fast" (Matt. xxvi. 4b). Wounded to the heart by this base ingratitude, on the part of one whom he had so highly favoured, Jesus tenderly reproached him in these touching words, "Judas, dost thou betray the Son of Man with a kiss? "(Luke xxii. 48.) After his innocent victim had been condemned to death, the unhappy Judas, stung with remorse, and yielding to despair, put an end to his wicked life by hanging himself with a halter.

See the terrible consequences of venial sin, unchecked and unrepented. His love of money made Judas dishonest, first in little things, then in greater. He became a confirmed thief, a hypocrite, a dissembler. He next became a traitor and a murderer--the murderer of his Saviour and his God. Finally, he became his own murderer, and died in despair.

†

April 15th: Tuesday in Holy Week

Prayers Honoring the Passion and Death of Jesus Passion-tide and Holy Week Newly Updated
Clock of the Passion with Meditations from St. Alphonsus Liguori The Psalter of Jesus Prayers and Devotions for the Dying Spiritual Communion Index of Prayers and Devotions for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent

On the folly of living
enemies of God

by St. Alphonsus Liguori

Sinners call the saints, who, in this life, fly from honours, riches, and the pleasures of sense, and embrace poverty, contempt and mortification, fools. But, at the day of final retribution, they shall confess that themselves have been fools, in judging the lives of the saints to be folly: We fools esteemed their life madness. Wis. v. 4. And what greater folly can there be than to live without God? which is to live a miserable life in this world, to be succeeded by a still more miserable one in hell. No, I will not wait till the last day to confess my folly; I now confess it: how great has it been in offending Thee, my sovereign good! Father, I am not worthy to be called thy son. Father, I am not worthy to receive thy forgiveness, but I hope for it through the blood which Thou hast shed for my sake. My Jesus, I am sorry for having despised Thee, I love Thee above all things.

Unhappy sinners; blinded by their sins, they lose all judgment. What would be said of a man who should sell a kingdom for the smallest coin? And what should be said of him who, for a momentary pleasure, a vapour, a caprice, sells heaven and the grace of God? They think only of this life, which will shortly end, and in the mean time deserve hell for that life which will never end. O my God, permit me not to become any more so blind as to prefer, as I have hitherto done, my own unlawful gratifications before Thee, and for the sake of them to despise Thee, my sovereign good! I now detest them, and love Thee above all things.

Miserable worldlings! the time will come, when they will bewail their folly; but when? when there shall be no longer any thing to prevent their eternal ruin. Then shall they say: What hath pride profited us? or what advantage hath the boasting of riches brought us? All those things are passed away like a shadow Wis. v. 8, 9. Behold, they will exclaim, how all our delights have passed away like a shadow, and nothing remains to us now, but suffering and eternal lamentation. Dear Jesus, have pity on me. I had forgotten thee, but thou didst not forget me. I love thee, with my whole soul, and I detest above all evil, whatever sins I have committed against thee. Pardon me, O God, and remember not my offences against Thee. And since Thou knowest my weakness, do not abandon me; give me strength to overcome all things to please Thee. O Mary, mother of God, in you do I place my hopes.

†

April 14th: Monday in Holy Week and St. Justin Marytr, Martyr and St. Tiburtius and Companions, Martyrs

St. Justin Martyr Passion-tide and Holy Week Newly Updated
Clock of the Passion with Meditations from St. Alphonsus Liguori The Psalter of Jesus Prayers and Devotions for the Dying Spiritual Communion Index of Prayers and Devotions for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent

O God, Who by the foolishness of the cross didst wonderfully instruct blessed Justin Martyr in the excellent knowledge of Jesus Christ: grant that through his intercession we may drive forth the deceits of error and become steadfast in faith. Through the same etc.

(Roman Breviary)

St. Justin was born of heathen parents at. Neapolis in Samaria, about the year 103. He was well educated, and gave himself to the study of philosophy, but always with one object, that he might learn the knowledge of God. He sought this knowledge among the contending schools of philosophy, but always in vain, till at last God himself appeased the thirst which He had created. One day, while Justin was walking by the seashore, meditating on the thought of God, an old man met him and questioned him on the subject of his doubts; and when he had made Justin confess that the philosophers taught nothing certain about God, he told him of the writings of the inspired prophets and of Jesus Christ Whom they announced, and bade him seek light and understanding through prayer.

The Scriptures and the constancy of the Christian martyrs led Justin from the darkness of human reason to the light of faith. In his zeal for the Faith he travelled to Greece, Egypt, and Italy, gaining many to Christ. At Rome he sealed his testimony with his blood, surrounded by his disciples. "Do you think," the prefect said to Justin, "that by dying you will enter heaven, and be rewarded by God?" "I do not think," was the Saint's answer; "I know." Then, as now, there were many religious opinions, but only one certainty of the Catholic faith. This certainty should be the measure of our confidence and our zeal.

Reflection--We have received the gift of faith with little labor of our own. Let us learn how to value it from those who reached it after long search, and lived in the misery of a world which did not know God. Let us fear, as St. Justin did, the account we shall have to render for the gift of God.

†

April 13, Palm Sunday

Palm Sunday I. Palm Sunday II. Children's Sermon for Palm Sunday Index of Children Prayers:
the Season of Lent Jesus of Nazareth, the Story of His Life: A Catholic Children's Book, 1906 Our Redeemer & Messiah Passion-tide and Holy Week                Newly Updated
Clock of the Passion with Meditations from St. Alphonsus Liguori The Psalter of Jesus Prayers and Devotions for the Dying Spiritual Communion Index of Prayers and Devotions for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent

Almighty, everlasting God, Who didst cause our Savior to take upon Him our flesh, and to suffer death upon the Cross, that all mankind should imitate the example of His humility; mercifully grant that we may deserve both to keep in mind the lessons of His patience, and also to be made partakers of His resurrection. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, Thy Son, Who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, one God, world without end.   Amen.

(Roman Breviary)

In today's liturgy the twofold point of view from which the Church regards the Cross is expressed in two ceremonies, one marked by joy and the other by sadness. First comes the Blessing and Procession of Palms in which everything overflows with a holy joy which enables us after nineteen centuries to revive the spirit of the magnificent scene of our Lord's triumphal entry into Jerusalem. Then follows the Mass whose chants and lessons relate exclusively to the sorrowful memory of our Redeemer's Passion.

The Blessing of palms takes place at St. Mary Major which in Rome represents Bethlehem, the birthplace of Him whom the Magi hailed as "King of the Jews." Thence the procession goes to St. John Lateran, in which church in former times the Station took place since, by its dedication to St. Saviour, it calls up memories of the Passion which is the subject of today's Mass".

The Redeemer's triumph must be preceded by His humiliation "even to the death of the cross" (Ep.), which is to serve as a model for us, that "instructed by His patience", we may "partake in His Resurrection".

Explanation of the Passion according to the four Evangelists

Events preceding the Passion

Towards evening on the Tuesday in Holy Week, after leaving the Temple, our Lord ascended the mount of Olives; "You know" He said to His disciples, "that after two days shall be the Pasch, and the Son of Man shall be delivered up to be crucified." Now among the Jews the days are reckoned to begin on the previous evening; Wednesday had already begun and it was on the following Friday that our Lord was put to death. The Passover corresponded with the full moon of the Spring equinox since it was then that the Hebrews left Egypt. In the hurry of their departure they had no time to prepare unleavened bread, in memory of which fact the Jews abstained from leavened bread throughout this Feast.

The Last Supper in the Cenacle

When the Evangelists speak of the "First day of the Azymes" they mean Thursday evening, that is, in the Jewish reckoning, the beginning of Friday. It was on Thursday that Peter and John were sent by the Master to prepare the supper in the "upper room" of a certain house and there at the fall of evening, that is, during the first watch lasting until nine o'clock, our Lord went with His disciples. They reclined round the table in eastern fashion on low couches, the left hand supported on cushions, so that John, on our Lord's right, could easily rest his head on the Master's breast. During the meal, taking one of the great cakes of unleavened bread, about eight inches across and very thin, our Lord changed it into His Body, uttering the Eucharistic prayer or grace, just as the father of the family was accustomed to do when eating the Passover lamb, he thanked almighty God for having delivered Israel from her captivity.

And then, after supper, when there still remained one more cup to drink, He changed it in the same way into His Blood, using the same words by which Moses had sealed the Old Covenant made in the blood of creatures: "This is the blood of the covenant which the Lord hath made with you, to which our Lord added two words: This is my Blood of the New Testament". It was when speaking of the Passover, the centre of the whole religious life of the Jewish people, that the great Lawgiver of Israel said: "You shall keep it a feast to the Lord in your generations with an everlasting observance. "In the same way our Redeemer commanded the Apostles, "and therefore" adds the Council of Trent," all their successors in the priesthood, to consecrate in the same way this bread and cup of wine in memory of Him".

For the lamb sacrificed for more than fifteen hundred years by the children of Israel is substituted the Lamb of God which will be sacrificed by us to the end of the world, and the Mass, which is identified with the Passover and Calvary, becomes the religious centre of all Christian people.

Our Lord's last discourse -- Gethsemane

The Supper over, Jesus uttered the sublime discourse which is the last testament of His love, the second part of it being spoken while He was on His way from the Cenacle to leave the city. Passing through the gate which stood not far from the Pool of Siloam, He traversed the valley of Cedron, by the suburb of Ophel, to enter the Garden of Gethsemane, at the foot of the Mount of Olives. The three apostles who had been witnesses of His Transfiguration were here also as part-witnesses of His thrice renewed agony, and Judas, who had sold his Master for thirty pieces of silver, came with the captain and soldiers of a Roman cohort accompanied by guards commanded by Temple police, sent by the Sanhedrim. In the depth of night they entered Jerusalem with our Lord, climbing the slopes to the north east of the city and went straight to the palace of the High Priests.

Ecclesiastical Trial before Annas and Caiaphas

Here the ecclesiastical trial was about to take place since it pertained to the Jewish religious authorities to examine Jesus on what they called His assumed title of the Son of God. The Sanhedrin consisted of seventy members, at the head of which were the chief priests and their supreme head the High Priest, which office Annas had succeeded in obtaining for his five sons in succession, and then in the year of our Lord's death for his son-in-law, Caiaphas. Faithless to their mission, these official representatives of the Jewish religion no longer looked for any Messias other than a warrior king who should deliver them by main force from the Roman yoke.

Our Lord was at first taken before Annas, the father-in-law as we have seen of the High Priest, but since he was no longer in office it was beyond his competence to judge our Lord when He appeared before him. The affair had been mismanaged and had to be referred to the tribunal of the real High Priest, Caiaphas. He awaited Jesus, in another wing of the Palace, seated, according to custom, with legs crossed, on a slightly raised platform. Around him on the ground, on cushions set in the form of a semicircle, were grouped the other priests. The proceedings were illegal because while they should have taken place in the day-time with witnesses present, it was actually two o'clock in the morning, and such witnesses as there were detected in flagrant imposture.

Then Joseph Caiphas, overpowered by rage, solemnly called upon our Lord to tell him if He were the Christ, a measure quite contrary to the Roman Law which in such a case invalidates the confession of the accused; and our Lord who had waited for this moment before speaking, formally declared His Divinity before the Jewish religious authority in full council assembled. They then found Him worthy of death, a sentence which He accepted since it was precisely His character as Son of God which enabled Him to give an infinite value to the sacrifice which He was about to offer to God the Father for His brethren, the sons of men.

The servants of the High Priest -- Saint Peter -- Judas

Our Lord was then given over to the mockeries of the High Priest's servants who, uttering blasphemies, covered Him with spittle. It was during this night that Peter, who had followed Jesus afar off, was brought by John into the High Priest's palace where he denied his Master three times, and after the cock had crowed for the second time, he went out from the palace, and as the Greek text implies, "he wept with a loud voice, with sobs". Towards morning the Sanhedrin met again in order to give some semblance of legality to its sentence which according to law, had to be passed in the day-time. Our Lord appeared before the court and having declared Himself the Son of God was condemned afresh.

Judas now understood the magnitude of his crime, and being consumed with remorse approached the Council of Priests which was still sitting and confessed that he had "sinned in betraying innocent blood". Then the traitor seized with despair, threw down the pieces of silver in the Temple and going out to the pool of Siloam, lost himself in the deep valley through which flows the mountain stream of Hinnom. In this narrow place known as the Gehenna (Ge-Hinnom) "he hanged himself" and "burst asunder in the midst and all his bowels gushed out".

The Civil Trial before Pilate

But it was Rome, of whom Palestine was at that time a dependency, that had the sole power of life and death. It was necessary to refer a case of this kind to the Roman Procurator and our Lord was taken to the Judgment Hall of Pontius Pilate, in the fortress of Antonia. Here the Jews did not enter, since in the house of a pagan they would have contracted legal defilement, at this time of the Passover Feast.

Our Lord's civil trial was, in its turn, about to commence. But before this new tribunal a political charge was a necessity. In the Jewish view the Messias was to be an earthly monarch, so they accused Jesus, who said that He was the Messias, of being a rival king to Caesar.

On this new ground was reproduced, point by point, the same procedure as that of the night before, the same silence of our Lord in the face of false witnesses, the same formal assertion of His spiritual kingship before the pagan world, represented this time by those who actually held the world power; the same ill-treatment by subordinates, in this case the Roman soldiery. Our Lord, who in reality guided the whole proceeding, would be condemned only as the Son of God and King of souls. He put the question again on religious ground, when He said: "My kingdom is not of this world."

This was to remove the matter from Pilate's province, and he, up to the very end, declared our Lord perfectly innocent. The Jews then had recourse to intimidation, and Pilate who was too much of a coward to use his authority in the teeth of a mob who would avenge itself by accusing him in high places, looked round for means to safeguard his own interests without altogether ignoring the protests of some remnant of conscience, informed as it was by pagan superstition, which vaguely feared the chastisement of the gods.

Herod -- Pilate -- Barabbas -- The Scourging

As a first expedient, Pilate learning that Jesus was a Galilean, despatched him to Herod the Tetrarch of Galilee. This was the son of Herod the Great who had ordered the massacre of the innocents when the Magi announced that the "King of the Jews" had not long been born. Mortified by our Lord's silence, he sought in his turn to humble the Jews by clothing Jesus in the white robe worn by those who laid claim to that royalty which they denied Him.

Pilate's second plan was to propose the exchange with Barabbas. This attempt to establish a parallel between Christ and a murderer met with no better success. His third scheme was to order our blessed Lord to be scourged. This was a shameful punishment reserved only for slaves. The culprit, stripped of his garments, had his hands tied to the iron ring attached to a low pillar, while the executioner armed with a scourge of supple thongs with bone tips, with calculated deliberation lashed with it the back of his victim, bent and taut. The thongs bending pliantly about the body passed from shoulder to breast, ploughing deep furrows from which, while the blood gushed forth, pieces of flesh fell away.

In this state our blessed Lord was brought forth to the mob, wearing His crown of thorns and with a reed for His sceptre. The irony of the scene was not lost on the Jews. How dare they pretend any longer to see Caesar's rival in such a king?

The condemnation of Jesus

They reject Him, therefore, with contempt, on His claim to be the Son of God which was to be the sole cause of His death, and Pilate, shaken by the decisive argument "We will denounce you to Caesar", thinks about finding a last expedient to quiet his conscience. By the symbolic act of washing his hands he shows the Jews that, before his tribunal, Jesus is innocent and that he gives Him up to them only because of their claim that He is condemned by their laws. In this declaration he persisted up to the very last moment when he caused to be attached to the Cross an inscription in three languages, pointing out according to custom, the ground on which the prisoner was condemned. It bore these words: "Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews."

Pilate, in his cowardice was guilty of homicide but the Jews in their hatred attacked the Son of God and were the murderers of God Himself.

The Way of the Cross The Crucifixion The Last Agony

At about eleven o'clock, our Lord leaves the Judgment hall of Pilate. The sorrowful way of the Cross begins with the path which leads down into the valley of Tyropoeon and traverses towards the east a steep slope leading up to the gates of the city itself. There, outside the walls, was Mount Golgotha, the spot where executions generally took place, and here in the midst of the intense darkness which reigned from noon until three o'clock and which was noted everywhere in the Roman Empire, our blessed Lord underwent His last torments.

Death on the cross was the most cruel and terrible of tortures, for the victim necessarily compelled to remain in one position, had for several hours to support the whole weight of his body on his out stretched arms. The horrible tension thus inflicted, congested the blood at the face and neck, causing intolerable pain of which the chief feature was a burning thirst. To die by crucifixion was to die of pain alone, in anguish of the most agonizing kind.

Towards evening it was the custom to hasten death by breaking the sufferer's legs, the feet being a little more than three feet above the ground.

Jesus' Death and Burial

Then came the decisive moment which was to mark the hour of redemption for the human race. Our blessed Lord is about to sign as with a seal, the seal of His Blood, all the acts of His life that they may become redemptive in character. Further, to show that it is not by constraint but through love for His Father and for men that He allows death to work its will upon Him, He utters a loud cry and expires. Our Divine Redeemer is dead. With Mary His Mother and with St. John let us remain at the foot of the Cross, and like the handful of Jews who were converted at this moment, strike our breasts, since it is to make satisfaction for our sins that He has offered His life to God.

It was about three o'clock in the afternoon. About five o'clock our Lord was taken down from the Cross and buried in haste since the Sabbath, this week "a great Sabbath Day", began at six. As a matter of fact it coincides with the 15th. Nisan, the most important day of the Passover, thus perfectly symbolizing the rest into which our Lord had entered for ever.

The Jews had no cemetery but were accustomed to prepare a monument on their own property, often on both sides of the high road. Joseph, who came from Arimathea, a Judean town, had Jesus laid in the sepulchre which he had made for himself and which stood in a garden near the scene of our Redeemer's death; while Nicodemus brought about "an hundred pound weight of myrrh and aloes" with which to embalm Him provisionally. They then closed the sepulchre with a great stone, shaped like a millstone, which could only be moved with the greatest difficulty. This done the holy women returned to the city where they bought spices, intending to complete our Lord's burial with greater care after the Sabbath rest. The next day, Saturday, the Jews sealed the tomb and placed guards there.

Let it be our joy today to repeat with our Lord the Communion prayer: "Father, if this chalice may not pass away, but I must drink it, Thy will be done."

       †

April 13th: St. Hermenegild, Martyr

St. Hermenegild, Martyr

Matters of Faith:

How Catholics lose the Faith by Fr. Michael Muller Litany of Faith and the Necessity of the Catholic Faith for Salvation Are we bound to profess our Catholic Faith openly? The Catholic Church's Teaching on Justification Saints: the Gift of Miracles Refuting Protestant Errors of Private Interpretation

O God, Who didst teach Thy blessed Martyr Hermenegild to choose the kingdom of heaven rather than an earthly kingdom: grant, we beseech Thee, that, following his example, we may despise things that perish and pursue those that are everlasting. Through our Lord etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Leovigild, King of the Visigoths, had two sons, Hermenegild and Recared, who reigned conjointly with him. All three were Arians, but Hermenegild married a zealous Catholic, the daughter of Sigebert, King of France, and by her holy example was converted to the faith. His father, on hearing the news, denounced him as a traitor and marched to seize his person. Hermenegild tried to rally the Catholics of Spain in his defence, but they were too weak to make any stand, and, after a two years' fruitless struggle, he surrendered on the assurance of a free pardon. When safely in the royal camp, the king had him loaded with fetters and cast into a foul dungeon at Seville. Tortures and bribes were in turn employed to shake his faith, but Hermenegild wrote to his father that he held the crown as nothing, and preferred to lose sceptre and life rather than betray the truth of God. At length, on Easter night, an Arian bishop entered his cell, and promised him his father's pardon if he would but receive Communion at his hands. Hermenegild indignantly rejected the offer, and knelt with joy for his death-stroke. The same night a light streaming from his cell told the Christians who were watching near that the martyr had won his crown, and was keeping his Easter with the Saints in glory. He died in 586 A.D.

Leovigild on his death-bed, though still an Arian, bade Recared seek out St. Leander, whom he had himself cruelly persecuted, and, following Hermenegild's example, be received by him into the Church. Recared did so, and on his father's death labored so earnestly for the extirpation of Arianism that he brought over the whole nation of the Visigoths to the Church. "Nor is it to be wondered," says St. Gregory, "that he came thus to be a preacher of the true faith, seeing that be was brother of a martyr, whose merits did help him to bring so many into the lap of God's Church."

Reflection.---St. Hermenegild teaches us that constancy and sacrifice are the best arguments for the Faith, and the surest way to win souls to God.

†

April 12th, Ferial Day

40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index for the Season of Lent Devotion to the Five
Wounds of Jesus The Psalter of Jesus The Prodigal Son, the Sinner's Return to God

Links to Assist with
Making a Good Confession

The Sacrament of Penance, All of Your Questions Answered Catholic Instruction for Children for the Sacrament of Penance, 1897 The Little Book of the
Most Holy Child Jesus Includes Preparation for Confession Sacrament of Penance The Conversion of Sinners Penitent's Consolation Examination of Conscience Rite of Confession General Confession Contrition The Nature of Sin Conscience Sermon on Confession by St. John Vianney The Sinner's Guide by Ven. Louis of Granada, O.P. The Penitent Christian Newly Added
The Necessity of Mortification

Third Word of Jesus: "BEHOLD Thy Mother!"

Ist Prel. Look at our Lady and St. John at the foot of the cross. 2d Prel. Ask for an increase of love for Jesus and Mary.

Point I

"Now there stood by the cross of Jesus, His Mother, and His Mother's sister, Mary of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene." (St. John 19:25.) Note: The cousin of the Blessed Virgin, so called according to the custom of the Hebrews, who gave the title of brother and sister to cousins german.

Consideration.--His Mother stood by the cross. Here we must pause and consider two admirable and apparently incompatible things: Our Lady's extraordinary grief and her heroic courage. It is difficult to conceive how she, the most loving of mothers, could behold her Son nailed alive to the cross, and suffering a three hours' agony, and remain standing beneath it. Many painters, it is true, have depicted her fainting and overwhelmed at its foot, but without any scriptural warrant. St. John says explicitly she stood; and the Fathers agree that, standing thus, though, according to the prophecy of Simeon, her whole soul was pierced through as by a sword, she united herself to the sacrifice of her Divine Son.

Application.--This supernatural strength was certainly the effect of a miracle of grace; but was no less also the fruit of her fidelity under all the trials which her faith and constancy had before suffered. God gives His graces in proportion to our correspondence with them. Let us also be generous and steadfast under our more ordinary trials, and we shall be strengthened under greater ones. Look back on your past life, and you will be convinced of this truth.

Affections.--Let us admire and venerate, in the person of the Blessed Virgin, the valiant Woman, the admirable Mother, the Queen of martyrs, of Holy Scripture and of the Church.

Resolutions.--Let us be ever faithful and generous in the service of God. Thus shall we obtain from Him the grace of perseverance.

Point II

"When Jesus therefore had seen His Mother and the disciple standing whom He loved, He saith to His Mother, Woman, behold thy Son." (St. John 19:26.)

Consideration.--Admire the calmness of Jesus, who forgets Himself in the midst of His agony, to recommend her to the care of His virgin disciple, who was henceforth to sustain and console her to the end of her life. "Woman, behold your Son! " and at that moment He filled the heart of the beloved St. John to overflowing with the tenderest and most generous love that ever son felt for this admirable Mother.

Application.--Here our Lord teaches us to rise above our own sorrows, or rather to put them aside and forget ourselves for others. Here also, He gives an example of the consideration due to parents from their children, whatever may be the age of the latter, or however great their own trials.

Affections.--Pray for the spirit of sacrifice and complete self-denial.

Point III

"After that, He saith to the disciple, Behold thy Mother." (St. John 19:27.)

Consideration.--Our Lord, having cared for His afflicted Mother, bethought Him of His beloved disciple, and wishing to give him a last mark of His love, places our Lady from henceforth under his protection. "Behold thy Mother," are the words with which He turns His dying eyes on St. John; words full of consolation for us all, for the Fathers unanimously concur in believing that our Lord here used St. John as the representative of all the faithful, and that from this moment He filled the heart of Mary with an overflowing love for mankind, to the end that the maternity of Mary should be the most perfect image of the paternity which is in God himself.

Application.--Let us strive ever more and more to love and honor our Holy Mother, and to lead others to venerate her.

†

April 11th, Seven Dolors of the Blessed Virgin Mary

Seven Sorrows of the
Blessed Virgin Mary   I. Seven Sorrows of the
Blessed Virgin Mary   II. Our Lady of Sorrows What is it to be a Mother? Stabat Mater Video The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary as Set Forth in Her Titles from the Litany of Loreto 30 Days Prayer to the
Blessed Virgin Mary The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas 2014 until Advent 2014 The Christian Mother Litany of the Holy Cross Stations of the Cross The Holy Ways of the Cross
by Henri Boudon, 1875 Sorrowful Mysteries Spiritual Communion Index for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas The Necessity of Mortification Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent

O God, at whose Passion, as foretold by Simeon, a sword of sorrow pierced the most sweet soul of glorious Mary, Virgin and Mother: grant in Thy mercy, that we who reverently call to mind her anguish and suffering, may be helped by the glorious merits and prayers of all the saints who faithfully stand at Thy Cross, and win the happy fruit of Thy Passion: Who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, one God, world without end.   Amen.

(Roman Breviary)

Eve when placed by the hand of God in a garden of delights, received but one precept to be obeyed so as to be forever happy--a precept easy of accomplishment, the non-observance whereof should needs be inexcusable, inasmuch as neither urgent want nor strong inclination led to its violation; there was conjoined, moreover, the assurance of death following inevitably upon the transgression of the precept. But the serpent, kindling with jealousy and hate, came to tempt her. She gazed on the forbidden fruit, gathered thereof, and carried it to her husband, and together they ate, incurring the fatal loss, and involving mankind in their downfall. Mary, preceded by the God made man, went toiling with Him up the arid steep of Calvary, in order to accomplish the most heart-rending of all sacrifices.

Eve had rebelled: Mary surrendered her will. Eve had yielded to the enticing voice of the tempter; Mary heard the voice of the same demon of jealousy and hate, uttering by the mouth of the impious Jews blasphemies and maledictions, but she was not frightened from her purpose. Eve, in her disobedience, stretched forth her hand toward the tree of the knowledge of good and evil; Mary, in her submission to the designs of God, stretches forth hers to the tree of the cross. Eve had sacrificed to her caprice the spouse through whom she had received being; Mary assists at the sacrifice of the Son to Whom she has given being. Eve was born of man without the agency of a mother; Mary gave birth to the Man-God without the intervention of a spouse. Eve, after her disobedience, became the mother, in the order of nature, of a race accursed; Mary, through her submission, has become, in the order of grace, the Mother of a race sanctified.

These points of resemblance and contrast offer themselves spontaneously to the mind, provided we ponder somewhat over the remembrance celebrated by the Church on the Friday in Holy Week, under the title of "The Seven Dolors of the Blessed Virgin." A mother's heart can alone comprehend the agony of torture endured by this Mother at the foot of the cross whereon her Son was immolated; we do not attempt to describe, nor are any mere human lips, indeed, able to express it.

Reflection.--Let us adore this divine and mysterious abyss of charity, in whose depth our salvation was worked out at the price of so much suffering; and let us bear in mind what we have cost that Mother to whose guardianship we were made over even from the sublime height of the cross.

April 11th: St. Leo I, Pope, Confessor and Doctor of the Church

St. Leo I. Pope, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church

O eternal Shepherd, watch over the peace of Thy flock, and through blessed Leo Sovereign Pontiff, whom Thou didst appoint shepherd over the whole Church, keep her under Thy constant protection. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, Thy Son, Who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, one God, world without end. Amen.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Leo was born in Rome. He embraced the sacred ministry, was made Archdeacon of the Roman Church by Pope Saint Celestine, and under the same Vicar of Christ and Saint Sixtus III, had a large share in governing the Church. On the death of Sixtus, Leo was chosen Pope, and consecrated on Saint Michael's day, 440, amid great joy.

It was the time of terrible trial which preceded by thirty years the definitive fall of the Roman Empire. Vandals and Huns were wasting the provinces of the empire, and Nestorians, Pelagians, and other heretics wrought still more grievous havoc in souls. While Leo's zeal was making headway against these perils, there arose the new heresy of Eutyches, who confounded the two natures of Christ. At once the vigilant pastor proclaimed the true doctrine of the Incarnation in his famous "tome"; but fostered by the Byzantine court, the heresy gained a strong hold upon the Eastern monks and bishops. After three years of unceasing toil, Saint Leo brought about its solemn condemnation by the Council of Chalcedon, the Fathers all signing his tome, and exclaiming, "Peter has spoken by Leo."

Soon after, Attila with his Huns broke into Italy, and marched through its razed cities upon Rome. Leo went out boldly to meet him, and prevailed on him to turn back. His chieftains were astonished to see the terrible Attila, the "Scourge of God," fresh from the sack of Aquileia, Milan and Pavia and with the rich prize of Rome within his grasp, turn his great host back to the Danube at the Saint's word. They asked him why he had acted so strangely. He told them he had seen two venerable personages -- who are generally supposed to be Saints Peter and Paul -- standing behind Saint Leo; and impressed by this vision, he withdrew. Two years later the city fell a prey to the Vandals, but Leo saved it again from total destruction. He died in 461 after having ruled the Church for a little over twenty years.

†

April 10th, Ferial Day

The Greatest Suffering on Earth The Art of Dying Well by St. Robert Bellarmine The Sinner's Guide
by Ven. Louis of Granada, O.P. 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index for the Season of Lent Devotions and Litany of the Holy Face of Jesus Devotion to the Five Wounds of Jesus The Psalter of Jesus Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Index of Children Prayers:
the Season of Lent

On the near approach of death

by St. Alphonsus Liguori

Every one knows that he must certainly die, yet many delude themselves by imagining that death is at such an immense distance from them that it will scarcely ever reach them. No, our life is indeed short, and death is very near us. The days of our sojourning here are few, and perhaps much fewer than we imagine. What else is our life but a light vapour which is driven away and disappears with the wind? a blade of grass which is dried up in the heat of the sun? O God, thou wouldst not suffer death to overtake me when I was under Thy displeasure, because Thou didst love me and didst desire my salvation; wherefore I will also love thee.

My days, said holy Job, have been swifter than a post. ix. 25. Death is hasting towards us more rapidly than a post, and we at every step, and every breath and moment are drawing nearer and nearer to death. At the time of our death, how shall we wish for one day or one hour of the many we now squander away to no purpose! Ah, Lord, if death were now announced to me, what should I find that I have done for Thee? Alas! come to my assistance; let me not die ungrateful to Thee as I hitherto have been. Grant me true sorrow for my sins, the gift of Thy love, and holy perseverance.

Death hastens towards us; wherefore we must also hasten to do that which is good, and to put our accounts in order against the day of its arrival. When death comes, it precludes all remedies for what has been done amiss. How many are now in hell who thought of amending their lives at some future period, but were prevented by death and consigned to eternal torments! My dear Redeemer, I will no longer resist Thy calls. Thou offerest me pardon and I am desirous of obtaining it, I pray for it, and hope for it, through that death which Thou, my Jesus, hast suffered that Thou mayest be able to impart it to me. I am sorry, O infinite goodness, for having offended Thee. Thou, my Jesus, hast died for me, and I have postponed Thy friendship to my own wretched inclinations. For the future, I hope with Thy assistance always to love Thee. I love Thee, O God, I love Thee. Thou art now and shalt be for ever my only good, my only love. Mary, mother of God, watch over me and take pity on me.

†

April 9th, Ferial Day

On the happiness of possessing the grace of God, and the misery of being deprived of it

by St. Alphonsus Liguori

Man knows not the value of divine grace, and hence he exchanges it for a mere nothing. It is a treasure of infinite value. The gentiles said it was impossible for a creature to become the friend of God. But no; divine grace induces God to call the soul that possesses it His friend: You are my friends, said our Blessed Saviour, to His disciples. St. John, xv. 14. When therefore, O God, my soul was in the state of grace, it was Thy friend; but by sin it became the slave of the devil and Thine enemy. I give Thee thanks for affording me time to recover Thy grace. I am sorry, O Lord, with my whole heart for having lost it; in Thy pity restore it to me, and suffer me not to lose it any more.

How fortunate should that man esteem himself who becomes the friend of his king. It would be presumption for a vassal to expect that his prince should make him his friend; but it is not presumption for the soul to aspire to be the friend of God. If I would become a friend of Caesar, (said a certain courtier, as St. Augustin relates,) I should have great difficulty in becoming such, but if I would become the friend of God, I am already His friend. An act of contrition and of love makes us the friends of God. St. Peter of Alcantara said: "No tongue can express the greatness of the love of Jesus for a soul in the state of his grace." O my God, am I in Thy grace or not? I certainly know that at one time I had lost it, and who knows whether I have regained it? O Lord, I love Thee, and am sorry for having offended Thee, make haste to pardon me.

Oh how great on the contrary, is the misery of a soul that is fallen from the state of grace! She is separated from the sovereign good. She belongs no more to God, and God belongs no more to her. She is no longer loved by God, but hated and abhorred by Him. Before, He blessed her as His child, but now, He curses her as His enemy. Such is the unhappy state in which I was, O God, when I had forfeited Thy grace. I hope I have arisen from my unhappy condition, but if I have not, hasten, O Jesus, to rescue me from it. Thou hast promised to love those who love Thee. I love Thee, my sovereign good, do thou love me; and may I hope never again to be deprived of Thy love. Holy Mary, succour me your humble client: I commend myself to your patronage.

†

April 8th, Ferial Day

Newly Added
The Greatest Suffering on Earth 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index for the Season of Lent Devotions and Litany of the Holy Face of Jesus Devotion to the Five Wounds of Jesus The Psalter of Jesus Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Index of Children Prayers:
the Season of Lent

Jesus on Calvary

The Soldiers Give Jesus Gall to Drink, and Strip Him of His Garments

1st Prel. Imagine you see Jesus surrounded by His executioners, who strip Him of His garments.

2d Prel. Ask for grace to grow in the knowledge and love of Jesus, who suffered in so many ways, and with such great love for me.

Point I

"And they came to the place that is called Golgotha, which is the place of Calvary." (St. Matt. 27: 33.)

Consideration.--There are numerous mysteries connected with the place which our Lord chose for consummating His sacrifice: it was the spot where God commanded Abraham to offer up Isaac; where the Jews were accustomed to execute great criminals; and where, according to tradition, Noah buried Adam's head, which he had taken in the Ark with him, the Hebrew word Golgotha signifying "chief," or "head." The special mention by the four Evangelists, of the Hebrew name Golgotha, together with the Latinized Greek "cranium," the place of Calvary, appears to give authority to the tradition always maintained by the Jews, according to the testimony of Tertullian, Origen, St. Athanasius, and the greater number of the Fathers.

Application.--Let us meditate on these mysteries, for they are full of instruction. The sacrifice of Jesus, recalling to mind that of Abraham, should inspire us with love and gratitude to Him and His eternal Father, who thus fulfilled the typical sacrifice of the great patriarch; next, our Lord's choice of the place used for the execution of criminals should remind us that He suffered for the sins of the world, and for each one of us; and lastly, His dying on the spot where lie the ashes of our father Adam should show us how His death destroys the empire of death, and gives us a right to life eternal.

Affections.--Admire, praise, and adore the wonderful and merciful ways of Providence, manifested even in circumstances which escape our observation.

Resolutions.--I will strive to discern and bless the hand of Providence in every detail of my life, and in all that occurs daily before me.

Point II

"And they gave Him wine to drink, mingled with gall. And when He had tasted, He would not drink." (St. Matt. 27: 34)

Consideration.--It was the custom to give those condemned to death wine mixed with myrrh, either to strengthen them or to partly destroy their sense of feeling; but by a refinement of cruelty, gall was mixed with the wine given to our Lord. He took it; He tasted it; but, as the Gospel says, "He would not drink."

Application.--Why did our Lord thus taste this bitter draught, and then refuse to drink it? He tasted it --first, to suffer in the sense of taste, which His executioners had not been able to touch; second, to expiate our intemperance and sensuality in the use of food; thirdly, to encourage us, by His example, to mortify our taste, or at least to resist our appetites, and never to exceed the bounds of temperance. On the other hand, He would not drink, because He would not in any degree assuage the sufferings which it was His will to endure to their utmost extent.

Affections.--Ask pardon for your sins of gluttony and intemperance.

Resolutions.--Always to mortify yourself in some particular at meals, or at least not to seek what is most gratifying to the appetite.

Point III

Jesus Stripped of His Garments

Consideration.--The Roman law ordered that those condemned to be crucified should be stripped of their garments, thus adding shame to their other torments. Therefore Jesus, having tasted the bitter draught his executioners gave Him, was despoiled of His garments, which adhered so closely to His bleeding form that they could not be removed without opening His wounds, and causing Him fresh agony.

Application.--Why did our Lord will to suffer this fresh martyrdom of confusion and pain? To teach us, and to encourage us by His example, never to withdraw from any sort of shame, suffering, or privation in His service, should we even become a laughingstock to the world, and be deprived of everything, like the dead man carried out to burial. This renunciation must be absolute in fact, or at least in affection. Jesus Christ requires it. He says, "If any man will follow me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me." (St. Mark 8: 34.)

†

April 7th, Ferial Day

Newly Added
The Greatest Suffering on Earth 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index for the Season of Lent The Psalter of Jesus Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Index of Children Prayers:
the Season of Lent

Motives for Penance Drawn from the Thought of Judgment

1st Prel. I will imagine myself before the judgment-seat of Jesus Christ.

2d Prel. I will ask for grace to know myself, that I may be able to judge myself here, "according to the counsel of the Apostle." (1. Cor. 11: 31.)

Point I.

Consideration.--Three things are to be feared in the particular judgment: 1, the Judge; 2, the account to be rendered; 3, the sentence.

By penance we may make the Judge favorable to us. The Judge is our Lord Himself, whom we have neglected, offended, and injured, with all the malice of sin, and so often, so deliberately, even when He loaded us with benefits. Now He is misericordiarum Dominus, a God of mercy, ready to pardon at the first sign of repentance; but then He will be only ultionum Dominus, a God of justice. As His mercy was infinite, so will be His justice; not the smallest fault, not an idle word, He has said, will pass unperceived, or remain unpunished. These thoughts filled holy Job with fear. "Quid faciam cum surrexerit ad judicandum Dominus?" "For what shall I do," said he within himself, "when God shall rise to judge?" (Job 31 : 14.)

Application.--What have you not to expect, or rather to fear, from your Judge, you who have perhaps lived long in a state of tepidity, which blinds man as to the number and gravity of his faults, and maintains him in false security? What, then, should we do? Our Lord tells you, "Be at agreement with thy adversary betimes, whilst thou art in the way with him," (St. Matt. 5: 26;) that is, according to St. Augustine, with God who is your Judge, and whose enemy sin has made you; and you can do so, if "ye be humbled, therefore, under the mighty hand of God." (i. St. Peter 5:6.) To use St. Peter's words, "Repent therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out." (Acts 3: 19.)

Affections.-- Humbly acknowledge your ingratitude and your many infidelities. Repent, and offer yourself with sincerity to do penance for them.

Resolutions.-- Persevere in the practices of penance and mortification which you imposed on yourself on the first Monday of Lent.

Point II.

Consideration.-- By penance we may lighten the account we shall have to give. What an account! All will be passed in review by One from whom nothing can be hidden: the time lost in useless things; the good left undone, the good ill-done; all our thoughts, intentions, words, and actions; and, what is worse for the religious, all the means of salvation and sanctification lavishly bestowed upon him daily and hourly. Gratiam sequitur judicium. The judgment will be severe in proportion to the grace received, says St. Cyprian, following the words of our Lord, " Cui multum datum est, multum quaeretur ab eo." "Unto whomsoever much is given, of him much shall be required." (St. Luke 12: 48.)

Application.--These truths filled even the penitents of the desert with fear; they never thought they had sufficiently atoned for their past lives. Their only means of consolation under this dread were tears and constant mortification, a life of continued penance until death. Imitate them; try to lighten by such a life of penance and mortification your heavy account of sin, imperfection, and negligence; and do it with special generosity during this holy season, two-thirds of which are already gone.

Affections.--"Averte faciem tuam a peccatis meis, et omnes iniquitates meas dele." "Turn away Thy face from my sins, and blot out all my iniquities." (Psalm 50: 10.)

Resolutions.-- As in the preceding Point.

Point III.

Consideration.-- By penance we may insure a favorable sentence. The sentence of the Judge will be irrevocable-- life eternal or death eternal; the first securing to the soul of the just, endless glory and the delights of heaven, although it may be for a while detained in a place of expiation; the second condemning the soul of the sinner, to Satan and the eternal pains of hell.

Application.-- You earnestly desire to be amongst the number of the elect, to enter into the immediate possession of heaven. It is in your power, with the grace of God. Endeavor to live as a holy religious, expiating by constant penance and mortifications all that yet tarnishes the purity of your soul. This is the only efficacious means you have of insuring what you so much desire. What happiness will you not experience at the hour of death, if you have adopted this means of securing salvation! Why, therefore, should you not do so?

†

April 6th, Passion Sunday

Passion Sunday,
Sermon and Litany The Obdurate Sinner Children's Sermon for Passion Sunday Newly Added
The Greatest Suffering on Earth 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Passion of Christ Litany of the Passion Clock of the Passion The Psalter of Jesus Stations of the Cross Sorrowful Mysteries Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Index of Children Prayers:
the Season of Lent

Passion Sunday

"We are not unaware," says St. Leo, "that among all Christian celebrations the Paschal mystery holds the first place. Our manner of living throughout the whole year, by reforming our ways, ought to give us the dispositions for keeping it worthily and in a fitting manner. These present days which we know to be close to that most sublime sacrament of divine mercy, require devotion in a yet higher degree" (Second Nocturn).

The mystery of which St. Leo speaks, is our Redeemer's Passion, whose anniversary is close at hand. Priest and Mediator of the New Testament, Jesus will soon ascend His Cross, and the blood which He will shed He will offer to His Father, entering into the Holies which is heaven itself (Epistle). The Church sings: "All hail, thou Mystery adored! Hail, Cross! on which the Life Himself died, and by death our life restored!" (Hymn of Vespers). The Eucharist is the memorial of this boundless love of God for men for when instituting it our Lord said: "This is my Body which shall be delivered for you; this chalice is the new testament in My Blood. Do this... in commemoration of Me" (Communion).

What is the response of man to all these divine favours? "His own received Him not," says St. John, speaking of the welcome which the Jews gave Jesus. "For good they rendered Him evil and prepared for Him nothing but insults. "You", our Lord told them, "dishonour me," and in fact, the Gospel shows us the ever growing hatred of the Sanhedrin.

Abraham, the father of God's people, firmly believed the divine promises which heralded the future Messia; and in Limbo his soul, which, as believing was beyond the reach of eternal death, rejoiced to see these promises fulfilled in the coming of Christ.

But the Jews, who ought to have recognized in Jesus the Son of God, greater than Abraham and the prophets, because eternal, misunderstood the meaning of His words, insulted Him by treating Him as a blasphemer and possessed, and tried to stone Him (Gospel). And God tells Him, in the person of Jeremias: "Be not afraid at their presence: for I am with thee to deliver thee, saith the Lord... For behold I have made thee this day a fortified city and a pillar of iron and a wall of brass, over all the land, to the kings of Juda, to the princes thereof and to the priests and to the people of the land. And they shall fight against thee and shall not prevail: for I am with thee, saith the Lord, to deliver thee" (First Nocturn).

"I seek not my own glory," says Jesus, "there is one that seeketh and judgeth" (Gospel). And by the mouth of the psalmist He goes on: "Judge me, O God, and plead my cause against an ungodly nation: O deliver me from the unjust and deceitful man. This "lying" people our Lord declares to be the Jews. The psalmist continues: "Deliver me, O Lord, from my enemies... from the unjust man Thou wilt deliver me" (Gradual).

"The Lord who is just will cut the necks of sinners" (Tract). God will not permit men to lay their hands on Jesus until His hour is come (Gospel), and when that hour of sacriflce came, He snatched His Son from the hands of evil men by raising Him from the death. This death and resurrection had been foretold by the prophets and typified in Isaac when, on the point of being sacrified at God's command by Abraham his father he was restored to life by almighty God, his place being taken by a ram who became a type of the Lamb of God, offered in man's stead (c. p. 257). Thus our Lord, in His first coming, was to be humbled and made to suffer; not until later will He appear in all His power.

But the Jews, blinded by their passions, could appreciate only one kind of coming, a coming in triumph, and so scandalized by the Cross of Christ, they rejected Him. In their turn, almighty God rejected them, while graciously receiving those who put their trust in the redemption of Jesus Christ, uniting their sufferings to His. "Rightly, and under the guidance of the Holy Ghost," says St. Leo, "did the holy Apostles institute these days of more rigorous fasting, so that by a common sharing in the Cross of Christ, even we ourselves may do something towards uniting ourselves with the work that He has accomplished for us. As St. Paul says: "If we suffer with Him, we also shall be glorified with Him." Where we find our Lord's sufferings being shared, there we can look on the attainment of the happiness promised by Him as a thing safe and assured."

Today's station is in the Basilica of Saint Peter, raised on the site of Nero's circus where the prince of the Apostles died, like His Divine Master on a cross. In recalling our Lord's Passion, the anniversary of which draws near, let us remember that if we are to experience its saving effects we must, like the Master, know how to suffer persecution for justice sake. And when as members of God's family, we are persecuted with and like our Lord, let us ask of God, that we may be "governed in body" and "kept in mind".

†

April 5th, St. Vincent Ferrer, Confessor

St. Vincent Ferrer I. St. Vincent Ferrer II.

St. Vincent Ferrer, his life, Spiritual Teaching, and Practical Devotion

First Saturday Devotions 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index for the Season of Lent Devotion to the Five
Wounds of Jesus Clock of the Passion The Psalter of Jesus The Prodigal Son, the Sinner's Return to God

Links to Assist with
Making a Good Confession

The Sacrament of Penance, All of Your Questions Answered Catholic Instruction for Children for the Sacrament of Penance, 1897 The Little Book of the
Most Holy Child Jesus Includes Preparation for Confession Sacrament of Penance The Conversion of Sinners Penitent's Consolation Examination of Conscience Rite of Confession General Confession Contrition The Nature of Sin Conscience Sermon on Confession by St. John Vianney The Sinner's Guide by Ven. Louis of Granada, O.P. The Penitent Christian Newly Added
The Necessity of Mortification

O God, who didst vouchsafe to make Thy Church illustrious by the merits and preaching of blessed Vincent Thy Confessor: grant to us Thy servants, that we may be instructed by his example, and through his intercession may be delivered from all harm. Through our Lord, etc.

(Roman Breviary)

This wonderful apostle, the Angel of the Judgment, was born at Valencia in Spain in 1357. At the age of eighteen, he was professed in the Order of Saint Dominic. After a brilliant course of study he became Master of Sacred Theology, and began to preach. For three years he read only the Sacred Scriptures, and came to know the entire Bible by heart. He brought the light of Christ to the Jews of Valencia, and their synagogue became a church.

Grief at the great schism then afflicting the Church reduced him to the point of death at the age of forty, but Our Lord Himself whom he saw in glory, healed him and bade him go forth to convert sinners, for My judgment is near. In the language of Scripture, a judgment is a time of trial during which the good become better by prayer and abandonment to God's Providence, and the impious blaspheme. The judgment which was to fall upon Europe, the rending of the robe of Christ through the still greater fragmentation of the Church, would follow soon after Saint Vincent's time; his passage preserved large numbers of souls from its fatal dangers.

This virtually miraculous apostolate lasted twenty-one years. He preached throughout western Europe, in the towns and villages of Spain, Switzerland, France, Italy, England, Ireland, Scotland. Everywhere tens of thousands of sinners were reformed. Infidels, heretics, Jews were enlightened and warmed by the Sun of Justice. Stupendous miracles enforced his words. Twice each day the miracle bell summoned the sick, the blind, the lame to be cured, and the most obdurate sinners became Saints. Speaking only his native Spanish, he was understood in all tongues. Processions of ten thousand penitents followed him in perfect order. Convents, orphanages, hospitals, arose where he passed.

Amid all the honors which came to him, his humility remained profound, his prayer constant. He always made prayer his principal preparation for preaching. Once, however, when a person of high rank was to be present at his sermon, he neglected prayer for study. The nobleman was not particularly struck by the discourse which had been thus carefully laid out. But he came again to hear the Saint, and the second sermon, for which Saint Vincent's supplications before the Crucifix were the preparation, made a deep impression on his soul. When Saint Vincent heard of his reaction, he remarked that in the first sermon it was Vincent who had preached, but in the second, Jesus Christ.

Saint Vincent fell ill at Vannes in Brittany, and received the crown of everlasting glory in 1419.

Reflection. Whatever you do, said Saint Vincent, think not of yourself, but of God. In this spirit he preached, and God spoke by him; in this spirit, if we listen, we shall hear the voice of God.

†

April 4th, St. Isidore, Bishop, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church

St. Isidore, Bishop, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church Rememberance of the Most Precious Blood, Friday after the 4th Sunday in Lent First Friday Devotions 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Stations of the Cross St. Leonard of Port Maurice and the Stations of the Cross The Steps of Our Savior's Passion Litany of Penance The Psalter of Jesus Stations of the Cross            New Lenten Book
St. Leonard of Port Maurice and the Stations of the Cross Clock of the Passion Passion of Christ Index for the Season of Lent                Newly Added
The Necessity of Mortification

O God, Who didst give blessed Isidore to be a minister of eternal salvation to Thy people: grant, we beseech Thee, that we who have had him on earth as Teacher of life, may be worthy to have him for advocate in heaven. Through our Lord, etc.

(Roman Breviary)

Saint Isidore was born of a ducal family, at Carthagena in Spain. His two brothers, Leander, Archbishop of Seville, Fulgentius, Bishop of Ecija, and his sister Florentina, are all recognized by the Church as Saints. As a boy Isidore despaired over his poor success in study, and ran away from school. Resting in his flight at a roadside spring, he observed a stone, which had been hollowed out by the slow but constant dripping of water. This lesson decided him to return, and then, by determined application, he succeeded.

He went back to his master and with the help of God became, even as a youth, one of the most learned men of the time. He assisted in converting Prince Recared, the leader of the Arian party; and with his aid, though at the constant peril of his own life, expelled that heresy from Spain. Then, following a call from God, he turned a deaf ear to the entreaties of his friends, and embraced a hermit's life. Prince Recared and many of the nobles and clergy of Seville went to persuade him to come back, representing the needs of the times and the good he could do, and had already done, among the people. He refused, and, as far as we can judge, his retreat gave him the necessary opportunity of acquiring the virtue and power which afterwards made him an illustrious Bishop and Doctor of the Church.

On the death of his brother Leander, he was called to fill the vacant see. As a teacher, ruler, founder, and reformer, he labored not only in his own diocese, but throughout Spain, and his influence attained foreign countries. He died in Seville on April 4, 639, and within sixteen years of his death was declared a Doctor of the Catholic Church.

Reflection. The strength of temptation usually lies in the fact that its object is something flattering to our pride, soothing to our sloth, or in some way attractive to the baser passions. Saint Isidore teaches us to listen neither to the promptings of nature nor the plausible advice of friends, when they contradict the voice of God.

       †

April 3rd, Ferial Day

Index for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent Devotions and Litany of the Holy Face of Jesus The Psalter of Jesus

The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

               Newly Added
The Necessity of Mortification Litany of Penance                Newly Added
The Art of Dying Well
by St. Robert Bellarmine Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Dying Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Sick Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory The Sacrament of
Extreme Unction Death General Judgement Heaven Hell The Thought of Eternity The fewness of those saved. Will you be one of them? Spiritual Communion

On Eternal Salvation
by St. Alphonsus Di Liguori

Our most important affair is that of our eternal salvation; upon it depends our happiness or misery for ever. This affair will come to an end in eternity, and will decide whether we shall be saved or lost for ever; whether we shall have acquired an eternity of delights, or an eternity of torments; whether we shall live for ever happy, or for ever miserable. O God, what will my lot be? Shall I be saved, or shall I be lost? I may be either. And if I may be lost, why do I not embrace such a life, as may secure for me life eternal? O Jesus, Thou didst die to save me; yet have I been lost, as often as I have lost Thee my sovereign good: suffer me not to lose Thee any more.

Men esteem it a great affair to gain a law-suit, to obtain a post of honour, or to acquire an estate. Nothing, however, which will end with time, deserves to be esteemed great. Since therefore all the goods of this world will one day end in our regard; as we shall either leave them, or they will leave us; that affair alone should be esteemed great, upon which depends eternal happiness or eternal misery. O Jesus, my Redeemer, cast me not away from Thy face, as I have deserved! I am indeed a sinner; but I am grieved from the bottom of my heart for having offended Thy infinite goodness. Hitherto I have despised Thee, but now I love Thee above all things. Henceforth, Thou alone shalt be my only good, my only love. Have pity on a sinner who penitently casts himself at Thy feet and desires to love Thee. If I have grievously offended Thee, I now ardently desire to love Thee. What would have become of me, if Thou hadst called me out of life, when I had lost Thy grace and favour: Since Thou, O Lord, hast shown so much mercy to me, grant me grace to become a saint.

Let us awaken our faith in a heaven and a hell of eternal duration: one or other will be our lot. O God, how could I, knowing that by committing sin I was condemning myself to eternal torments, how could I sin so often against Thee and forfeit Thy grace? Knowing that Thou art my God and my Redeemer, how could I, for the sake of a miserable gratification, so often turn my back upon Thee? O God, I am sorry above every evil for having thus despised Thee. I love Thee above every good, and from henceforth, I will suffer the loss of all things rather than lose Thy friendship. Give me strength to continue faithful. And do Thou, O Blessed Virgin Mary, pray for me and assist me.

       †

April 2nd, St. Francis Paola, Confessor

St. Francis of Paula, Confessor

Litany of Penance Newly Added
The Art of Dying Well
by St. Robert Bellarmine Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Dying Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Sick Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory The Sacrament of
Extreme Unction Death General Judgement Heaven Hell The Thought of Eternity The fewness of those saved. Will you be one of them? Spiritual Communion

Index for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent The Psalter of Jesus

The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

†

April 1st, Ferial Day

Newly Added
The Art of Dying Well
by St. Robert Bellarmine Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Dying Index of Prayers and
Devotions for the Sick Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory The Sacrament of
Extreme Unction Death General Judgement Heaven Hell The Thought of Eternity The fewness of those saved. Will you be one of them? Spiritual Communion

Index for the Season of Lent 40 Days of Meditations for Lent by St. Thomas Aquinas Index of Prayers for the Holy Souls in Purgatory Prayers and Devotions for the Holy Season of Lent The Church's Laws on Fasting and the Season of Lent The Psalter of Jesus

The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, from Candlemas until Advent

The Salvation of the Soul
by St. Alphonsus Liguori

We read in the history of the Church, that formerly many holy penitents, impressed with the belief of the nothingness of every thing earthly, and the importance of eternal truths, withdrew into solitary places, that they might give themselves up without distraction to the meditation of these holy truths. Separated from each other, and buried in gloomy caverns, as if already in their graves, they occupied themselves only with such thoughts as these:--that death is certain;-- that no man knows when, where, or how he will die? and that any moment may be the last of our life;-- that at the moment when a man dies, he is judged by God, and must give an exact account of all his thoughts, words, and deeds, which alone, of all he has, will follow him into the next world;--that after this life, which passes so quickly, comes eternity, which has no end, and which will be forever blessed, or forever miserable --that we come into this world only to work out our salvation, ard if we fail in this, we cannot make good our loss in sterility;--that one mortal sin--alone is enough to make us eternally miserable, and that sin is the only real evil, the only misfortune that we have to fear.

Penetrated by these solemn thoughts, they watched through whole nights, fasted, wore hair cloth, and used every instrument of penance to bring the body into subjection to the soul. They lived on roots and herbs or at best, on bread., moistened with their tears. Pale and emaciated, like living skeletons, they passed through a life which seemed more like a slow death, and after twenty, thirty, or forty years thus spent, having reached the end of their course, they asked each other, trembling and full of holy fear, with broken accents: "Think you, ah! think you, that God will have mercy on my soul, and will forgive my sins? Do you really think that there will be any consolation for me in death? that the Eternal Judge will soften the rigor of His judgment against me? Can I hope to escape the terrors of an eternity of misery, and share in the bliss of the elect?"

What dispositions! "What an example! But also, what a condemnation, perhaps, for us! Let us weigh this well. For if God does not call us to such extraordinary things, to which men are drawn only by a peculiar and powerful grace, we are all, without exception, called to a spirit of penance, without which, there is no salvation; for eternal wisdom has said: "Except ye do Penancc, ye shall all likewise perish." (St. Luke, xiii.) We are called, first, to seek the kingdom of God, not to give our heart to the world, to mortify the body, subject it to the control of the spirit, and work out our salvation with fear and trembling. But why are we doing nothing of all this? These holy penitents, at whose life we wonder so much, had they another gospel to follow than ours, another religion to practise than we? Had they not the same God to serve, the same eternity to hope for or to fear? What, then, is the cause of so singular a difference? These saints possessed a degree of faith which we have not. And, therefore, they were careful to secure the salvation of their souls, while we neglect ours. They constantly meditated upon the greatness of God, the enormity of sin, the uncertainty of life, the fearful depths of divine judgment, an eternity of happiness or misery, approaching nearer at every moment; and we!--how much we fear to occupy ourselves with these high and holy subjects. In a word, they lived like saints, and we live like worldly-minded sinners.

Let us think of these things while there is yet time. What are we to expect, if we refuse to consider? What a consolation will it one day be to us, that we have reflected on these things! Let us occupy ourselves with them now, that in eternity, where these great truths will hurst upon our minds with irresistible force, we may not despair, but rather may reap the eternal fruit of these salutary meditations.

A person who had passed his life in the service of an excellent prince, fell dangerously ill. His master, who loved him very much, visited him, and found him in great danger. There he lay, in his agony, just ready to breathe his last. Moved by this spectacle, the prince said to him: Can I do any thing for you? Ask freely whatever you wish, and do not fear that I shall refuse you any thing. My Lord! said the dying man, I know only one thing which, in my present condition, I would like to ask of you. Prolong my life for one quarter of an hour! Alas! said the prince, that is not in my power. Ask for something else; something that I can procure for you. See! said the dying man, for fifty years I have served this master of mine, and now he cannot prolong my life for one quarter of an hour. O! if I had only served my God as well, he would grant me not a quarter of an hour only, but a whole eternity of happiness! Very soon after that, he breathed his last.

Shall we not, by and by, have the same fate ? We wear and wear ourselves out in the service of the world; we even sacrifice ourselves for it, and when our last hour comes, what will the world do for us, and what will remain to us after all we have done for it, if we have neglected the service of God, and the salvation of our soul? Let us consider this, and more sincereiy and firmly than ever before, say: I am resolved to save my soul, and for this I will labor the remainder of my life! Hitherto I have neglected this too much! Have I not reason to look upon it as a great favor, that God still gives me the time and the grace to meditate seriously on these things?

†

"Take not your eyes from the light of this star if you would not be overwhelmed by the waves; if the storms of temptation arise, if you are thrown upon the rocks of affliction, look to the star, invoke Mary. Are you confounded at the enormity of your sins, are you ashamed at the defilement of your conscience, are you terrified on account of the dreadful judgment, so that you begin to be overpowered by sadness, or even to sink into the abyss of despair, then turn your thoughts to Mary.

In dangers, in distress, in doubt, call on Mary. She will not be far from your mouth, or your heart; and that you may obtain her intercession omit not to imitate her conduct. When you follow her, you will not go astray; when you invoke her, you will no longer be in doubt; when she supports you, you will not fall; when she leads you, you will surely come to eternal life, and will find by your own experience that she is justly called Maria-that is, Star of the Sea."

St. Bernard

A Prayer to Mary, the Star of the Sea

"She is the star, the sign of help and of joy."--St. Ephrem

Ave Maria! thou Virgin and Mother, Foundly thy children are calling on thee; Thine are the graces, unclaimed by another, Sinless and beatiful--Star of the Sea.	Ave Maria! thy children are kneeling-- Words of endearment are whispered to thee; Softly thy spirit upon us is stealing, Sinless and beautiful--Star of the Sea.
Ave Maria! the night shades are falling, Softly our voices arise unto thee; Earth's lonely exiles for succour are calling, Sinless and beautiful--Star of the Sea.	Ave Maria! thy arms are extending, Gladly within them for shelter we flee; Are thy sweet eyes, on thy lonely ones bending? Sinless and beautiful--Start of the Sea.

And Jesus, hearing this, marvelled; and said to them that followed Him: Amen I say to you, I have not found so great faith in Israel.--Matt. Viii. 10.

Dear Catholics, Our Lord came down from the Mount of the Beatitudes, healed a leper at the foot of the hill, and started on His way towards Capharnaum. As He approached the town there came to Him messengers, begging that He would heal the servant of a Roman centurion. This Roman officer had command over one hundred soldiers in the garrison at Caphamaum, and, although a Gentile, was a devout proselyte, and had built a synagogue for the Jews. So great was his faith in our Lord that when he heard the Saviour was coming to cure his servant, he came out and told Him not to inconvenience Himself by going all the way to the house of the sick man, but only to say the word and the servant would be well. This Gentile looked upon the power which Christ had over life and death, over sickness and health, in the same way as upon his own power and authority over the soldiers under him: it was only necessary to say a word, to give a command, and obedience would follow.

This admirable faith of the Roman centurion, so highly praised by our Lord Himself, has been considered throughout the centuries as a model for all true believers.

Faith is a supernatural, theological virtue by which, relying on the authority of God, we firmly believe whatever God has revealed and the Church proposes for our belief. Faith is called a virtue because it is a habit inclining us to good; it is supernatural, because it is not acquired by our own efforts, but is infused into our souls by God Himself; it is termed theological, because it has God for its immediate object; its motive is the authority of God, because only God, who can neither deceive nor be deceived, is the author of the truths of faith. God delivers His word to us, not directly, but through His infallible Church (Matt. xxviii. 19; Rom. x. 17). Scripture and tradition, without an authoritative interpreter, are not reliable guides in matters of faith, as is proved by the numerous mutually contradicting Protestant sects. Faith differs, from opinion, which is doubtful assent; from knowledge, which rests on experience or reason; from human belief, which depends on the authority of men. The object of faith is not some, but all of the truths that God has revealed and proposes to us through the Church. The Church proposes the teachings of revelation to us mainly in the Apostles' Creed, and in the definitions of the Popes and Councils. The Apostles' Creed contains the fundamental truths which we are to believe. It is necessary to believe all the truths the Church teaches, but it is not necessary to know them all explicitly. The truths absolutely necessary to be known by all are: that there is a God; that there is a future life of reward and punishment (Heb. xi. 6 ff.). Since the preaching of the Gospel, it is also required to know and believe the mysteries of the Trinity and of the Incarnation and Redemption (John xiv. 6; xvii. 33). Anyone ignorant of these essential truths cannot be absolved in confession. Parents should instruct their children in these important doctrines from their earliest years. Truths that all are bound to know, as far as they are able are: the Articles of the Creed; the Commandments; the Sacraments, at least those that a given person needs to receive; the Lord's Prayer, the acts of the various virtues, such as, the acts of faith, hope, charity, contrition.

Faith must be firm, i.e., it must exclude all doubt, hesitation, or disbelief. It must be blind, i.e., we must not seek any other reason than the authority of God for what we are asked to believe (John xx. 29). The reason for this latter quality is that faith, being concerned with supernatural truths, is above the natural grasp of our finite minds. The fact that we cannot understand the truths of faith is no reason for rejecting them; because they have God for their author; because the natural world is filled with mysteries which we accept but cannot understand; because constantly we blindly trust the authority of scientists, historians, doctors, lawyers, etc. Faith is reasonable, i.,e., we can establish on rational grounds all the foundations of faith, namely, the existence, knowledge, and truthfulness of God, the divinity of Christ and of the mission of the Church. Faith should be entire, i.e., it must extend to every dogma without exception.

Faith is necessary for salvation (Heb. xi. 6), for it is the root and foundation of our justification. Without faith it is impossible to perform works that are meritorious of life eternal, although one may do many things that are naturally good. Faith imposes a two-fold obligation: a negative obligation, which always binds, of never sinning against it; a positive obligation of making acts of faith before God and of professing our faith before men. Sins against faith are: infidelity, i.e., the total rejection of the Christian religion by those who remain outside the true faith, although they know it sufficiently well to embrace it; apostasy, i.e., the rejection of the Christian religion for a false one; heresy, i.e., the obstinate denial of an Article of faith by a baptized person; deliberate doubt concerning a matter of faith; exposing one's self to the danger of losing the faith by keeping bad company, reading injurious literature, etc. We are obliged to make acts of faith from time to time, especially when in danger of losing our faith. It is never permissible to deny the faith before men, even in appearance (2 Mach. vi. 21 ff.), or by silence; on the contrary, a person is bound to profess his faith publicly whenever God's glory or our neighbor's good requires it (Matt. v. 16).

The knowledge derived from faith is infinitely superior to that which comes from human wisdom, and is at the same time far easier and more secure. How highly then should we appreciate the gift of faith! We should carefully avoid all things by which faith is lost, such as, wilful doubt or denial of Articles of faith; or imperiled, such as, neglect of religious duties, bad books or company, mixed marriages, Godless education, joining secrete societies (ex.Freemasons), etc. We should pray for a great and living faith.

Dear Catholics--one of the greatest dangers to faith is Immorality. It is a widespread danger, as widespread as human nature. Be not surprised, my brethren, at the term or at its application. Whatever is sinful is immoral, inasmuch as it contravenes the laws of conduct; and whatever makes for sin, or even for the lower natural life, is necessarily inimical to so holy and perfect a virtue as divine faith. Arguments need not be multiplied; hear the Old Testament and the New: "The wicked man is void of knowledge" (Prov. xxix. 7) ; "for wisdom will not enter into a malicious soul, nor dwell in a body subject to sins" (Wis. i. 4); "everyone that doth evil hateth the light, and cometh not to the light, that his works may not be reproved" (John iii. 20) ; "how can you believe, who receive glory one from another; and the glory which is from God alone you do not seek?" (Ib. v. 44); "you do not believe because you are not of my sheep" (Ib. x. 26). So, no light, no knowledge, no wisdom for the sinful; no believing for the evil, the proud, the disobedient, who hear not the Shepherd's voice, nor come when He calls. It is not that every sin, be it even mortal, immediately destroys faith: holy Church found it necessary to define the contrary; only sin against faith at once destroys faith. But all sin obscures, weakens and endangers it. The word of God says that we can neither commence nor continue to believe without divine help. And if we turn that help aside? If we reject it? The Holy Ghost alone can form in us acts of this supernatural virtue. But if we sacrilegiously expel Him ? if we close our souls against His breathings, if we heartlessly shut our ears to His unspeakable pleadings? In a small yacht, as you are all aware, you may cross a wide lake or ascend a strong river-- provided you have sound wind-filled sails. But you will not go far if you keep out of the way of the wind, if your sails are torn and worthless, if you refuse to carry or hoist any sails at all. So do many Catholics in the progress of Christian life.

This point, my brethren, needs much attention from some of you. The earthen vessel in which we have so divine a treasure as faith, is, you must admit, perilous enough in its unstable fragility, without being sordidly neglected, without being corroded and buffeted by filth and iniquity. Now, you easily grant that you fail in other matters, but not, you think, in faith. You do not see that contradicting your religion in practice is endangering your belief of it. I know, my brethren, and am glad to proclaim that poor sinners can fall very low and yet never doubt about Catholicity. In that, too, is their one hope of salvation; for faith keeps open their access to the Church, and access to her is access to God's mercy. They begin to look hopeless only when, by word or act, they cast themselves into the morass of soul-destroying heresy. It is of apostates St. Paul uses the fearful words about the impossibility of being renewed again to penance. But notice that on this very question of preserving or losing faith, the same Apostle has a word of warning for those who fail not in belief but in conscience. When he writes: "Having faith and a good conscience, which some rejecting have made shipwreck concerning the faith" (i Tim. i. 19), he sufficiently shows that where conscience was otherwise violated the way was taken toward loss of belief. He continues to enforce that teaching by speaking of the mystery of faith that is to be held "in a pure conscience" (Ib. iii. 9). The words seem like an echo of his abiding anxiety about the heavenly treasure which he had been instrumental in placing in so many earthen vessels.

But earthly as we are, we yet can have this good conscience, this pure conscience: not, however, with sin. All sin is iniquity and foulness; hence with it, of any kind, conscience is bad and unclean, and faith feels not at home. Two vices are so speedily destructive of the delicate virtue that we require special caution against them. Impurity and pride are necessary and deadly enemies of this sacred dignity of our elevated nature. It has been figuratively yet accurately said that as was St. John the Baptist in the court of Herod, so is faith in the unchaste soul: beheading is the consequence. For the proud we have the Lord's intimation that they could not believe in Him so long as they sought false glory. Witness the Pharisees, who knew so much of the law and professed belief so formally, yet persisted in rejecting the true Messiah even when testified to by Himself, by His Father, and by the Holy Spirit!

Conclusion

To what, then, my brethren, do our reflections lead us? Surely to the conclusion that, as faith is most high and precious, so must our jealous care of it be most humbly assiduous. We should not lose it, we would not lessen it: we need it all for our eternal salvation, for our filial service of our heavenly Father. Without it we cannot please God, without it we can be but condemned. For no earthly bribe will we betray it, for no fleshpots renounce it, for no mess of pottage barter it, for no passing enjoyments endanger it. Far from us be the folly of the worldlings who have finally to say: "We have erred from the way of truth; and the light of justice hath not shined unto us; and the sun of understanding hath not risen upon us" (Wis. v. 6) ; farther still be the counsel of the malicious who said to God: "Depart from us, we desire not the knowledge of thy ways" (Job xxi. 14). We, my brethren, believe in the Almighty, we serve Him and find profit in praying to Him. We know that of His wrath the unbelieving wicked shall drink; that their lamp shall be put out; that a deluge shall come upon them; that they shall be as chaff before the face of the wind, and as ashes which the whirlwind scattereth. Fearing our human weakness, but trusting in the grace of faith which, as we so often sing, alone suffices to strengthen the sincere heart-- ad firmandum car sincerum sola fides sufficit--we simply hold our ground in the ranks of the Church's children who have their eyes opened, who are converted from darkness to light, from the power of Satan to God, who receive forgiveness of sins, and a lot among the saints by the faith that is in Christ Jesus. Amen.

Prayer for the Preservation of Faith

O my Redeemer, will that terrible moment ever come, when but few Christians will be found animated with a spirit of faith? that moment when, provoked to indignation, Thou wilt remove from us thy protection? The vices, the evil habits of our children, have perhaps irrevocably moved thy justice this very day to vengeance! O Thou who art the author and finisher of our faith, we conjure Thee, in the bitterness of our hearts, humbled and contrite, not to permit the beautiful light of faith to be extinguished in us. Be mindful of thy mercies of old, cast a compassionate regard upon that vine which Thou hast planted with thy right hand, which was bedewed with the sweat of the Apostles, watered with the precious blood of thousands upon thousands of martyrs and the tears of so many generous penitents, and made fruitful by the prayers of so many confessors and innocent virgins. O divine Mediator, have regard for those zealous souls who incessantly raise their hearts to Thee and pray for the maintenance of that most precious treasure, the true Faith. Suspend, O must just God, the decree of our reprobation, turn away thine eyes from our sins, and fix them on the adorable blood, shed upon the Cross as the price of salvation, and daily pleading for it, on our behalf, upon our altars. Oh, preserve us in the true Catholic Roman Faith. Infirmities afflict us, annoyances wear us away, misfortunes oppress us: but preserve to us thy holy faith ; for, endowed with this precious gift, we shall willingly bear every sorrow, and nothing can affect our happiness. On the other hand, without this supreme treasure of the faith, our misfortunes will be unspeakable and immense. O good Jesus, author of our faith, keep it pure; keep us safe within the bark of Peter, faithful and obedient to his successor, thy True Vicar here on earth, that so the unity of holy Church may be preserved, holiness fostered, the Holy See kept free and protected, and the universal Church extended, to the advantage of souls. O Jesus, author of our faith, humble and convert the enemies of thy Church ; bestow on all Kings and Christian Princes, and on all the faithful, peace and true unity; strengthen and maintain all in thy holy service, to the end that we may live by Thee and die in Thee. Ah! my Jesus, author of our faith, in Thee I would live, and in Thee would I die. Amen.

(Indulgence 300 days--Leo XIII.)

The Little Number of Those Who Are Saved
by St. Leonard of Port Maurice, (1676 - 1751)

Noah's Offering to God after the Deluge

In the time of Noah, the entire human race was submerged by the Deluge, and only eight people were saved in the Ark. Saint Peter says, "This ark was the figure of the Church," while Saint Augustine adds, "And these eight people who were saved signify that very few Christians are saved, because there are very few who sincerely renounce the world, and those who renounce it only in words do not belong to the mystery represented by that ark."

"And a certain man said to Him: Lord, are they few that are saved? But He said to them: Strive to enter by the narrow gate; for many, I say to you, shall seek to enter, and shall not be able. But when the master of the house shall be gone in, and shall shut the door, you shall begin to stand without, and knock at the door, saying: Lord, open to us. And he answering, shall say to you: I know you not, whence you are."--Luke 13: 23-25

Introduction

Thanks be to God, the number of the Redeemer's disciples is not so small that the wickedness of the Scribes and Pharisees is able to triumph over them. Although they strove to calumniate innocence and to deceive the crowd with their treacherous sophistries by discrediting the doctrine and character of Our Lord, finding spots even in the sun, many still recognized Him as the true Messiah, and, unafraid of either chastisements or threats, openly joined His cause. Did all those who followed Christ follow Him even unto glory? Oh, this is where I revere the profound mystery and silently adore the abysses of the divine decrees, rather than rashly deciding on such a great point! The subject I will be treating today is a very grave one; it has caused even the pillars of the Church to tremble, filled the greatest Saints with terror and populated the deserts with anchorites. The point of this instruction is to decide whether the number of Christians who are saved is greater or less than the number of Christians who are damned; it will, I hope, produce in you a salutary fear of the judgments of God.

Brothers, because of the love I have for you, I wish I were able to reassure you with the prospect of eternal happiness by saying to each of you: You are certain to go to paradise; the greater number of Christians is saved, so you also will be saved. But how can I give you this sweet assurance if you revolt against God's decrees as though you were your own worst enemies? I observe in God a sincere desire to save you, but I find in you a decided inclination to be damned. So what will I be doing today if I speak clearly? I will be displeasing to you. But if I do not speak, I will be displeasing to God.

Therefore, I will divide this subject into two points. In the first one, to fill you with dread, I will let the theologians and Fathers of the Church decide on the matter and declare that the greater number of Christian adults are damned; and, in silent adoration of that terrible mystery, I will keep my own sentiments to myself. In the second point I will attempt to defend the goodness of God versus the godless, by proving to you that those who are damned are damned by their own malice, because they wanted to be damned. So then, here are two very important truths. If the first truth frightens you, do not hold it against me, as though I wanted to make the road of heaven narrower for you, for I want to be neutral in this matter; rather, hold it against the theologians and Fathers of the Church who will engrave this truth in your heart by the force of reason. If you are disillusioned by the second truth, give thanks to God over it, for He wants only one thing: that you give your hearts totally to Him. Finally, if you oblige me to tell you clearly what I think, I will do so for your consolation.

The Teaching of the Fathers of the Church

It is not vain curiosity but salutary precaution to proclaim from the height of the pulpit certain truths which serve wonderfully to contain the indolence of libertines, who are always talking about the mercy of God and about how easy it is to convert, who live plunged in all sorts of sins and are soundly sleeping on the road to hell. To disillusion them and waken them from their torpor, today let us examine this great question: Is the number of Christians who are saved greater than the number of Christians who are damned?

Pious souls, you may leave; this sermon is not for you. Its sole purpose is to contain the pride of libertines who cast the holy fear of God out of their heart and join forces with the devil who, according to the sentiment of Eusebius, damns souls by reassuring them. To resolve this doubt, let us put the Fathers of the Church, both Greek and Latin, on one side; on the other, the most learned theologians and erudite historians; and let us put the Bible in the middle for all to see. Now listen not to what I will say to you -- for I have already told you that I do not want to speak for myself or decide on the matter -- but listen to what these great minds have to tell you, they who are beacons in the Church of God to give light to others so that they will not miss the road to heaven. In this manner, guided by the triple light of faith, authority and reason, we will be able to resolve this grave matter with certainty.

Note well that there is no question here of the human race taken as a whole, nor of all Catholics taken without distinction, but only of Catholic adults, who have free choice and are thus capable of cooperating in the great matter of their salvation. First let us consult the theologians recognized as examining things most carefully and as not exaggerating in their teaching: let us listen to two learned cardinals, Cajetan and Bellarmine. They teach that the greater number of Christian adults are damned, and if I had the time to point out the reasons upon which they base themselves, you would be convinced of it yourselves. But I will limit myself here to quoting Suarez. After consulting all the theologians and making a diligent study of the matter, he wrote, "The most common sentiment which is held is that, among Christians, there are more damned souls than predestined souls."

Add the authority of the Greek and Latin Fathers to that of the theologians, and you will find that almost all of them say the same thing. This is the sentiment of Saint Theodore, Saint Basil, Saint Ephrem, and Saint John Chrysostom. What is more, according to Baronius it was a common opinion among the Greek Fathers that this truth was expressly revealed to Saint Simeon Stylites and that after this revelation, it was to secure his salvation that he decided to live standing on top of a pillar for forty years, exposed to the weather, a model of penance and holiness for everyone. Now let us consult the Latin Fathers. You will hear Saint Gregory saying clearly, "Many attain to faith, but few to the heavenly kingdom." Saint Anselm declares, "There are few who are saved." Saint Augustine states even more clearly, "Therefore, few are saved in comparison to those who are damned." The most terrifying, however, is Saint Jerome. At the end of his life, in the presence of his disciples, he spoke these dreadful words: "Out of one hundred thousand people whose lives have always been bad, you will find barely one who is worthy of indulgence."

The Words of Holy Scripture

But why seek out the opinions of the Fathers and theologians, when Holy Scripture settles the question so clearly? Look in to the Old and New Testaments, and you will find a multitude of figures, symbols and words that clearly point out this truth: very few are saved. In the time of Noah, the entire human race was submerged by the Deluge, and only eight people were saved in the Ark. Saint Peter says, "This ark was the figure of the Church," while Saint Augustine adds, "And these eight people who were saved signify that very few Christians are saved, because there are very few who sincerely renounce the world, and those who renounce it only in words do not belong to the mystery represented by that ark." The Bible also tells us that only two Hebrews out of two million entered the Promised Land after going out of Egypt, and that only four escaped the fire of Sodom and the other burning cities that perished with it. All of this means that the number of the damned who will be cast into fire like straw is far greater than that of the saved, whom the heavenly Father will one day gather into His barns like precious wheat.

I would not finish if I had to point out all the figures by which Holy Scripture confirms this truth; let us content ourselves with listening to the living oracle of Incarnate Wisdom. What did Our Lord answer the curious man in the Gospel who asked Him, "Lord, is it only a few to be saved?" Did He keep silence? Did He answer haltingly? Did He conceal His thought for fear of frightening the crowd? No. Questioned by only one, He addresses all of those present. He says to them: "You ask Me if there are only few who are saved?" Here is My answer: "Strive to enter by the narrow gate; for many, I tell you, will seek to enter and will not be able." Who is speaking here? It is the Son of God, Eternal Truth, who on another occasion says even more clearly, "Many are called, but few are chosen." He does not say that all are called and that out of all men, few are chosen, but that many are called; which means, as Saint Gregory explains, that out of all men, many are called to the True Faith, but out of them few are saved. Brothers, these are the words of Our Lord Jesus Christ. Are they clear? They are true. Tell me now if it is possible for you to have faith in your heart and not tremble.

Salvation in the Various States of Life

But oh, I see that by speaking in this manner of all in general, I am missing my point. So let us apply this truth to various states, and you will understand that you must either throw away reason, experience and the common sense of the faithful, or confess that the greater number of Catholics is damned. Is there any state in the world more favorable to innocence in which salvation seems easier and of which people have a higher idea than that of priests, the lieutenants of God? At first glance, who would not think that most of them are not only good but even perfect; yet I am horror-struck when I hear Saint Jerome declaring that although the world is full of priests, barely one in a hundred is living in a manner in conformity with state; when I hear a servant of God attesting that he has learned by revelation that the number of priests who fall into hell each day is so great that it seemed impossible to him that there be any left on earth; when I hear Saint Chrysostom exclaiming with tears in his eyes, "I do not believe that many priests are saved; I believe the contrary, that the number of those who are damned is greater."

Look higher still, and see the prelates of the Holy Church, pastors who have the charge of souls. Is the number of those who are saved among them greater than the number of those who are damned? Listen to Cantimpre; he will relate an event to you, and you may draw the conclusions. There was a synod being held in Paris, and a great number of prelates and pastors who had the charge of souls were in attendance; the king and princes also came to add luster to that assembly by their presence. A famous preacher was invited to preach. While he was preparing his sermon, a horrible demon appeared to him and said, "Lay your books aside. If you want to give a sermon that will be useful to these princes and prelates, content yourself with telling them on our part, 'We the princes of darkness thank you, princes, prelates, and pastors of souls, that due to your negligence, the greater number of the faithful are damned; also, we are saving a reward for you for this favor, when you shall be with us in Hell.'"

Woe to you who command others! If so many are damned by your fault, what will happen to you? If few out of those who are first in the Church of God are saved, what will happen to you? Take all states, both sexes, every condition: husbands, wives, widows, young women, young men, soldiers, merchants, craftsmen, rich and poor, noble and plebian. What are we to say about all these people who are living so badly? The following narrative from Saint Vincent Ferrer will show you what you may think about it. He relates that an archdeacon in Lyons gave up his charge and retreated into a desert place to do penance, and that he died the same day and hour as Saint Bernard. After his death, he appeared to his bishop and said to him, "Know, Monsignor, that at the very hour I passed away, thirty-three thousand people also died. Out of this number, Bernard and myself went up to heaven without delay, three went to purgatory, and all the others fell into Hell."

Our chronicles relate an even more dreadful happening. One of our brothers, well-known for his doctrine and holiness, was preaching in Germany. He represented the ugliness of the sin of impurity so forceful that a woman fell dead of sorrow in front of everyone. Then, coming back to life, she said, "When I was presented before the Tribunal of God, sixty thousand people arrived at the same time from all parts of the world; out of that number, three were saved by going to Purgatory, and all the rest were damned."

O abyss of the judgments of God! Out of thirty thousand, only five were saved! And out of sixty thousand, only three went to heaven! You sinners who are listening to me, in what category will you be numbered?... What do you say?... What do you think?...

I see almost all of you lowering your heads, filled with astonishment and horror. But let us lay our stupor aside, and instead of flattering ourselves, let us try to draw some profit from our fear. Is it not true that there are two roads which lead to heaven: innocence and repentance? Now, if I show you that very few take either one of these two roads, as rational people you will conclude that very few are saved. And to mention proofs: in what age, employment or condition will you find that the number of the wicked is not a hundred times greater than that of the good, and about which one might say, "The good are so rare and the wicked are so great in number"? We could say of our times what Salvianus said of his: it is easier to find a countless multitude of sinners immersed in all sorts of iniquities than a few innocent men. How many servants are totally honest and faithful in their duties? How many merchants are fair and equitable in their commerce; how many craftsmen exact and truthful; how many salesmen disinterested and sincere? How many men of law do not forsake equity? How many soldiers do not tread upon innocence; how many masters do not unjustly withhold the salary of those who serve them, or do not seek to dominate their inferiors? Everywhere, the good are rare and the wicked great in number. Who does not know that today there is so much libertinage among mature men, liberty among young girls, vanity among women, licentiousness in the nobility, corruption in the middle class, dissolution in the people, impudence among the poor, that one could say what David said of his times: "All alike have gone astray... there is not even one who does good, not even one."

Go into street and square, into palace and house, into city and countryside, into tribunal and court of law, and even into the temple of God. Where will you find virtue? "Alas!" cries Salvianus, "except for a very little number who flee evil, what is the assembly of Christians if not a sink of vice?" All that we can find everywhere is selfishness, ambition, gluttony, and luxury. Is not the greater portion of men defiled by the vice of impurity, and is not Saint John right in saying, "The whole world -- if something so foul may be called -- "is seated in wickedness?" I am not the one who is telling you; reason obliges you to believe that out of those who are living so badly, very few are saved.

But you will say: Can penance not profitably repair the loss of innocence? That is true, I admit. But I also know that penance is so difficult in practice, we have lost the habit so completely, and it is so badly abused by sinners, that this alone should suffice to convince you that very few are saved by that path. Oh, how steep, narrow, thorny, horrible to behold and hard to climb it is! Everywhere we look, we see traces of blood and things that recall sad memories. Many weaken at the very sight of it. Many retreat at the very start. Many fall from weariness in the middle, and many give up wretchedly at the end. And how few are they who persevere in it till death! Saint Ambrose says it is easier to find men who have kept their innocence than to find any who have done fitting penance.

If you consider the sacrament of penance, there are so many distorted confessions, so many studied excuses, so many deceitful repentances, so many false promises, so many ineffective resolutions, so many invalid absolutions! Would you regard as valid the confession of someone who accuses himself of sins of impurity and still holds to the occasion of them? Or someone who accuses himself of obvious injustices with no intention of making any reparation whatsoever for them? Or someone who falls again into the same iniquities right after going to confession? Oh, horrible abuses of such a great sacrament! One confesses to avoid excommunication, another to make a reputation as a penitent. One rids himself of his sins to calm his remorse, another conceals them out of shame. One accuses them imperfectly out of malice, another discloses them out of habit. One does not have the true end of the sacrament in mind, another is lacking the necessary sorrow, and still another firm purpose. Poor confessors, what efforts you make to bring the greater number of penitents to these resolutions and acts, without which confession is a sacrilege, absolution a condemnation and penance an illusion?

Where are they now, those who believe that the number of the saved among Christians is greater than that of the damned and who, to authorize their opinion, reason thus: the greater portion of Catholic adults die in their beds armed with the sacraments of the Church, therefore most adult Catholics are saved? Oh, what fine reasoning! You must say exactly the opposite. Most Catholic adults confess badly at death, therefore most of them are damned. I say "all the more certain," because a dying person who has not confessed well when he was in good health will have an even harder time doing so when he is in bed with a heavy heart, an unsteady head, a muddled mind; when he is opposed in many ways by still-living objects, by still-fresh occasions, by adopted habits, and above all by devils who are seeking every means to cast him into hell. Now, if you add to all these false penitents all the other sinners who die unexpectedly in sin, due to the doctors' ignorance or by their relatives' fault, who die from poisoning or from being buried in earthquakes, or from a stroke, or from a fall, or on the battlefield, in a fight, caught in a trap, struck by lightning, burned or drowned, are you not obliged to conclude that most Christian adults are damned? That is the reasoning of Saint Chrysostom. This Saint says that most Christians are walking on the road to hell throughout their life. Why, then, are you so surprised that the greater number goes to hell? To come to a door, you must take the road that leads there. What have you to answer such a powerful reason?

The answer, you will tell me, is that the mercy of God is great. Yes, for those who fear Him, says the Prophet; but great is His justice for the one who does not fear Him, and it condemns all obstinate sinners.

So you will say to me: Well then, who is Paradise for, if not for Christians? It is for Christians, of course, but for those who do not dishonor their character and who live as Christians. Moreover, if to the number of Christian adults who die in the grace of God, you add the countless host of children who die after baptism and before reaching the age of reason, you will not be surprised that Saint John the Apostle, speaking of those who are saved, says, "I saw a great multitude which no man could number."

And this is what deceives those who pretend that the number of the saved among Catholics is greater than that of the damned... If to that number, you add the adults who have kept the robe of innocence, or who after having defiled it, have washed it in the tears of penance, it is certain that the greater number is saved; and that explains the words of Saint John, "I saw a great multitude," and these other words of Our Lord, "Many will come from the east and from the west, and will feast with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven," and the other figures usually cited in favor of that opinion. But if you are talking about Christian adults, experience, reason, authority, propriety and Scripture all agree in proving that the greater number is damned. Do not believe that because of this, paradise is empty; on the contrary, it is a very populous kingdom. And if the damned are "as numerous as the sand in the sea," the saved are "as numerous at the stars of heaven," that is, both the one and the other are countless, although in very different proportions.

One day Saint John Chrysostom, preaching in the cathedral in Constantinople and considering these proportions, could not help but shudder in horror and ask, "Out of this great number of people, how many do you think will be saved?" And, not waiting for an answer, he added, "Among so many thousands of people, we would not find a hundred who are saved, and I even doubt for the one hundred." What a dreadful thing! The great Saint believed that out of so many people, barely one hundred would be saved; and even then, he was not sure of that number. What will happen to you who are listening to me? Great God, I cannot think of it without shuddering! Brothers, the problem of salvation is a very difficult thing; for according to the maxims of the theologians, when an end demands great efforts, few only attain it.

That is why Saint Thomas, the Angelic Doctor, after weighing all the reasons pro and con in his immense erudition, finally concludes that the greater number of Catholic adults are damned. He says, "Because eternal beatitude surpasses the natural state, especially since it has been deprived of original grace, it is the little number that are saved."

So then, remove the blindfold from your eyes that is blinding you with self-love, that is keeping you from believing such an obvious truth by giving you very false ideas concerning the justice of God, "Just Father, the world has not known Thee," said Our Lord Jesus Christ. He does not say "Almighty Father, most good and merciful Father." He says "just Father," so we may understand that out of all the attributes of God, none is less known than His justice, because men refuse to believe what they are afraid to undergo. Therefore, remove the blindfold that is covering your eyes and say tearfully: Alas! The greater number of Catholics, the greater number of those who live here, perhaps even those who are in this assembly, will be damned! What subject could be more deserving of your tears?

King Xerxes, standing on a hill looking at his army of one hundred thousand soldiers in battle array, and considering that out of all of them there would be not one man alive in a hundred years, was unable to hold back his tears. Have we not more reason to weep upon thinking that out of so many Catholics, the greater number will be damned? Should this thought not make our eyes pour forth rivers of tears, or at least produce in our heart the sentiment of compassion felt by an Augustinian Brother, Ven. Marcellus of St. Dominic? One day as he was meditating on the eternal pains, the Lord showed him how many souls were going to hell at that moment and had him see a very broad road on which twenty-two thousand reprobates were running toward the abyss, colliding into one another. The servant of God was stupefied at the sight and exclaimed, "Oh, what a number! What a number! And still more are coming. O Jesus! O Jesus! What madness!" Let me repeat with Jeremiah, "Who will give water to my head, and a fountain of tears to my eyes? And I will weep day and night for the slain of the daughter of my people."

Poor souls! How can you run so hastily toward hell? For mercy's sake, stop and listen to me for a moment! Either you understand what it means to be saved and to be damned for all eternity, or you do not. If you understand and in spite of that, you do not decide to change your life today, make a good confession and trample upon the world, in a word, make your every effort to be counted among the littler number of those who are saved, I say that you do not have the faith. You are more excusable if you do not understand it, for then one must say that you are out of your mind. To be saved for all eternity, to be damned for all eternity, and to not make your every effort to avoid the one and make sure of the other, is something inconceivable.

The Goodness of God

Perhaps you do not yet believe the terrible truths I have just taught you. But it is the most highly-considered theologians, the most illustrious Fathers who have spoken to you through me. So then, how can you resist reasons supported by so many examples and words of Scripture? If you still hesitate in spite of that, and if your mind is inclined to the opposite opinion, does that very consideration not suffice to make you tremble? Oh, it shows that you do not care very much for your salvation! In this important matter, a sensible man is struck more strongly by the slightest doubt of the risk he runs than by the evidence of total ruin in other affairs in which the soul is not involved. One of our brothers, Blessed Giles, was in the habit of saying that if only one man were going to be damned, he would do all he could to make sure he was not that man.

So what must we do, we who know that the greater number is going to be damned, and not only out of all Catholics? What must we do? Take the resolution to belong to the little number of those who are saved. You say: If Christ wanted to damn me, then why did He create me? Silence, rash tongue! God did not create anyone to damn him; but whoever is damned, is damned because he wants to be. Therefore, I will now strive to defend the goodness of my God and acquit it of all blame: that will be the subject of the second point.

Before going on, let us gather on one side all the books and all the heresies of Luther and Calvin, and on the other side the books and heresies of the Pelagians and Semi-Pelagians, and let us burn them. Some destroy grace, others freedom, and all are filled with errors; so let us cast them into the fire. All the damned bear upon their brow the oracle of the Prophet Osee, "Thy damnation comes from thee," so that they may understand that whoever is damned, is damned by his own malice and because he wants to be damned.

First let us take these two undeniable truths as a basis: "God wants all men to be saved," "All are in need of the grace of God." Now, if I show you that God wants to save all men, and that for this purpose He gives all of them His grace and all the other necessary means of obtaining that sublime end, you will be obliged to agree that whoever is damned must impute it to his own malice, and that if the greater number of Christians are damned, it is because they want to be. "Thy damnation comes from thee; thy help is only in Me."

God Desires All Men to be Saved

In a hundred places in Holy Scripture, God tells us that it is truly His desire to save all men. "Is it My will that a sinner should die, and not that he should be converted from his ways and live?... I live, saith the Lord God. I desire not the death of the sinner. Be converted and live." When someone wants something very much, it is said that he is dying with desire; it is a hyperbole. But God has wanted and still wants our salvation so much that He died of desire, and He suffered death to give us life. This will to save all men is therefore not an affected, superficial and apparent will in God; it is a real, effective, and beneficial will; for He provides us with all the means most proper for us to be saved. He does not give them to us so they will not obtain it; He gives them to us with a sincere will, with the intention that they may obtain their effect. And if they do not obtain it, He shows Himself afflicted and offended over it. He commands even the damned to use them in order to be saved; He exhorts them to it; He obliges them to it; and if they do not do it, they sin. Therefore, they may do it and thus be saved.

Far more, because God sees that we could not even make use of His grace without His help, He gives us other aids; and if they sometimes remain ineffective, it is our fault; for with these same aids, one may abuse them and be damned with them, and another may do right and be saved; he might even be saved with less powerful aids. Yes, it can happen that we abuse a greater grace and are damned, whereas another cooperates with a lesser grace and is saved.

Saint Augustine exclaims, "If, therefore, someone turns aside from justice, he is carried by his free will, led by his concupiscence, deceived by his own persuasion." But for those who do not understand theology, here is what I have to say to them: God is so good that when He sees a sinner running to his ruin, He runs after him, calls him, entreats and accompanies him even to the gates of hell; what will He not do to convert him? He sends him good inspirations and holy thoughts, and if he does not profit from them, He becomes angry and indignant, He pursues him. Will He strike him? No. He beats at the air and forgives him. But the sinner is not converted yet. God sends him a mortal illness. It is certainly all over for him. No, brothers, God heals him; the sinner becomes obstinate in evil, and God in His mercy looks for another way; He gives him another year, and when that year is over, He grants him yet another.

But if the sinner still wants to cast himself into hell in spite of all that, what does God do? Does He abandon him? No. He takes him by the hand; and while he has one foot in hell and the other outside, He still preaches to him, He implored him not to abuse His graces. Now I ask you, if that man is damned, is it not true that he is damned against the Will of God and because he wants to be damned? Come and ask me now: If God wanted to damn me, then why did He create me?

Ungrateful sinner, learn today that if you are damned, it is not God who is to blame, but you and your self-will. To persuade yourself of this, go down even to the depths of the abyss, and there I will bring you one of those wretched damned souls burning in hell, so that he may explain this truth to you. Here is one now: "Tell me, who are you?" "I am a poor idolater, born in an unknown land; I never heard of heaven or hell, nor of what I am suffering now." "Poor wretch! Go away, you are not the one I am looking for." Another one is coming; there he is. "Who are you?" "I am a schismatic from the ends of Tartary; I always lived in an uncivilized state, barely knowing that there is a God." "You are not the one I want; return to hell." Here is another. "And who are you?" "I am a poor heretic from the North. I was born under the Pole and never saw either the light of the sun or the light of faith." "It is not you that I am looking for either, return to Hell." Brothers, my heart is broken upon seeing these wretches who never even knew the True Faith among the damned. Even so, know that the sentence of condemnation was pronounced against them and they were told, "Thy damnation comes from thee." They were damned because they wanted to be. They received so many aids from God to be saved! We do not know what they were, but they know them well, and now they cry out, "O Lord, Thou art just... and Thy judgments are equitable."

Brothers, you must know that the most ancient belief is the Law of God, and that we all bear it written in our hearts; that it can be learned without any teacher, and that it suffices to have the light of reason in order to know all the precepts of that Law. That is why even the barbarians hid when they committed sin, because they knew they were doing wrong; and they are damned for not having observed the natural law written in their heart: for had they observed it, God would have made a miracle rather than let them be damned; He would have sent them someone to teach them and would have given them other aids, of which they made themselves unworthy by not living in conformity with the inspirations of their own conscience, which never failed to warn them of the good they should do and the evil they should avoid. So it is their conscience that accused them at the Tribunal of God, and it tells them constantly in hell, "Thy damnation comes from thee." They do not know what to answer and are obliged to confess that they are deserving of their fate. Now if these infidels have no excuse, will there be any for a Catholic who had so many sacraments, so many sermons, so many aids at his disposal? How will he dare to say, "If God was going to damn me, then why did He create me?" How will he dare to speak in this manner, when God gives him so many aids to be saved? So let us finish confounding him.

You who are suffering in the abyss, answer me! Are there any Catholics among you? "There certainly are!" How many? Let one of them come here! "That is impossible, they are too far down, and to have them come up would turn all of hell upside down; it would be easier to stop one of them as he is falling in." So then, I am speaking to you who live in the habit of mortal sin, in hatred, in the mire of the vice of impurity, and who are getting closer to hell each day. Stop, and turn around; it is Jesus who calls you and who, with His wounds, as with so many eloquent voices, cries to you, "My son, if you are damned, you have only yourself to blame: 'Thy damnation comes from thee.' Lift up your eyes and see all the graces with which I have enriched you to insure your eternal salvation. I could have had you born in a forest in Barbary; that is what I did to many others, but I had you born in the Catholic Faith; I had you raised by such a good father, such an excellent mother, with the purest instructions and teachings. If you are damned in spite of that, whose fault will it be? Your own, My son, your own: 'Thy damnation comes from thee.'

"I could have cast you into hell after the first mortal sin you committed, without waiting for the second: I did it to so many others, but I was patient with you, I waited for you for many long years. I am still waiting for you today in penance. If you are damned in spite of all that, whose fault is it? Your own, My son, your own: "Thy damnation comes from thee." You know how many have died before your very eyes and were damned: that was a warning for you. You know how many others I set back on the right path to give you the good example. Do you remember what that excellent confessor told you? I am the one who had him say it. Did he not enjoin you to change your life, to make a good confession? I am the One who inspired him. Remember that sermon that touched your heart? I am the One who led you there. And what has happened between you and Me in the secret of your heart, ...that you can never forget.

"Those interior inspirations, that clear knowledge, that constant remorse of conscience, would you dare to deny them? All of these were so many aids of My grace, because I wanted to save you. I refused to give them to many others, and I gave them to you because I loved you tenderly. My son, My son, if I spoke to them as tenderly as I am speaking to you today, how many others souls return to the right path! And you... you turn your back on Me. Listen to what I am going to tell you, for these are My last words: You have cost Me My blood; if you want to be damned in spite of the blood I shed for you, do not blame Me, you have only yourself to accuse; and throughout all eternity, do not forget that if you are damned in spite of Me, you are damned because you want to be damned: 'Thy damnation comes from thee.' "

O my good Jesus, the very stones would split on hearing such sweet words, such tender expressions. Is there anyone here who wants to be damned, with so many graces and aids? If there is one, let him listen to me, and then let him resist if he can.

Baronius relates that after Julian the Apostate's infamous apostasy, he conceived such great hatred against Holy Baptism that day and night, he sought a way in which he might erase his own. To that purpose he had a bath of goat's blood prepared and placed himself in it, wanting this impure blood of a victim consecrated to Venus to erase the sacred character of Baptism from his soul. Such behavior seems abominable to you, but if Julian's plan had been able to succeed, it is certain that he would be suffering much less in hell.

Sinners, the advice I want to give you will no doubt seem strange to you; but if you understand it well, it is, on the contrary, inspired by tender compassion toward you. I implore you on my knees, by the blood of Christ and by the Heart of Mary, change your life, come back to the road that leads to heaven, and do all you can to belong to the little number of those who are saved. If, instead of this, you want to continue walking on the road that leads to hell, at least find a way to erase your baptism. Woe to you if you take the Holy Name of Jesus Christ and the sacred character of the Christian engraved upon your soul into hell! Your chastisement will be all the greater. So do what I advise you to do: if you do not want to convert, go this very day and ask your pastor to erase your name from the baptismal register, so that there may not remain any remembrance of your ever having been a Christian; implore your Guardian Angel to erase from his book of graces the inspirations and aids he has given you on orders from God, for woe to you if he recalls them! Tell Our Lord to take back His faith, His baptism, His sacraments.

You are horror-struck at such a thought? Well then, cast yourself at the feet of Jesus Christ and say to Him, with tearful eyes and contrite heart: "Lord, I confess that up till now I have not lived as a Christian. I am not worthy to be numbered among Your elect. I recognize that I deserve to be damned; but Your mercy is great and, full of confidence in Your grace, I say to You that I want to save my soul, even if I have to sacrifice my fortune, my honor, my very life, as long as I am saved. If I have been unfaithful up to now, I repent, I deplore, I detest my infidelity, I ask You humbly to forgive me for it. Forgive me, good Jesus, and strengthen me also, that I may be saved. I ask You not for wealth, honor or prosperity; I ask you for one thing only, to save my soul."

And You, O Jesus! What do You say? O Good Shepherd, see the stray sheep who returns to You; embrace this repentant sinner, bless his sighs and tears, or rather bless these people who are so well disposed and who want nothing but their salvation. Brothers, at the feet of Our Lord, let us protest that we want to save our soul, cost what it may. Let us all say to Him with tearful eyes, "Good Jesus, I want to save my soul," O blessed tears, O blessed sighs!

Conclusion

Brothers, I want to send all of you away comforted today. So if you ask me my sentiment on the number of those who are saved, here it is: Whether there are many or few that are saved, I say that whoever wants to be saved, will be saved; and that no one can be damned if he does not want to be. And if it is true that few are saved, it is because there are few who live well. As for the rest, compare these two opinions: the first one states that the greater number of Catholics are condemned; the second one, on the contrary, pretends that the greater number of Catholics are saved. Imagine an Angel sent by God to confirm the first opinion, coming to tell you that not only are most Catholics damned, but that of all this assembly present here, one alone will be saved. If you obey the Commandments of God, if you detest the corruption of this world, if you embrace the Cross of Jesus Christ in a spirit of penance, you will be that one alone who is saved.

Now imagine the same Angel returning to you and confirming the second opinion. He tells you that not only are the greater portion of Catholics saved, but that out of all this gathering, one alone will be damned and all the others saved. If after that, you continue your usuries, your vengeances, your criminal deeds, your impurities, then you will be that one alone who is damned.

What is the use of knowing whether few or many are saved? Saint Peter says to us, "Strive by good works to make your election sure." When Saint Thomas Aquinas's sister asked him what she must do to go to heaven, he said, "You will be saved if you want to be." I say the same thing to you, and here is proof of my declaration. No one is damned unless he commits mortal sin: that is of faith. And no one commits mortal sin unless he wants to: that is an undeniable theological proposition. Therefore, no one goes to hell unless he wants to; the consequence is obvious. Does that not suffice to comfort you? Weep over past sins, make a good confession, sin no more in the future, and you will all be saved. Why torment yourself so? For it is certain that you have to commit mortal sin to go to hell, and that to commit mortal sin you must want to, and that consequently no one goes to hell unless he wants to. That is not just an opinion, it is an undeniable and very comforting truth; may God give you to understand it, and may He bless you. Amen.

About the Author: St. Leonard of Port Maurice

Preacher and ascetic writer, b. 20 Dec., 1676, at Porto Maurizio on the Riviera di Ponente; d. at the monastery of S. Bonaventura, Rome, 26 Nov., 1751. The son of Domenico Casanova and Anna Maria Benza, he joined after a brilliant course of study with the Jesuits in Rome (Collegio Romano), the so- called Riformella, an offshoot of the Reformati branch of the Franciscan Order [see FRIARS MINOR, II, B, (2)]. On 2 October, 1697, he received the habit, and after making his novitiate at Ponticelli in the Sabine mountains, he completed his studies at the principal house of the Riformella, S. Bonaventura on the Palatine at Rome. After his ordination he remained there as lector (professor), and expected to be sent on the Chinese missions. But he was soon afterwards seized with severe gastric haemorrhage, and became so ill that he was sent to his native climate of Porto Maurizio, where there was a monastery of the Franciscan Observants (1704). After four years he was restored to health, and began to preach in Porto Maurizio and the vicinity. When Cosimo III de' Medici handed over the monastery del Monte (that on San Miniato near Florence, also called Monte alle Croci) to the members of the Riformella, St. Leonard was sent hither under the auspices and by desire of Cosimo III, and began shortly to give missions to the people in Tuscany, which were marked by many extraordinary conversions and great results. His colleagues and he always practised the greatest austerities and most severe penances during these missions.......

From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913

http://catholicharboroffaithandmorals.com/